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Author

H. Sonnenberg

Other affiliations: Queen's University
Bio: H. Sonnenberg is an academic researcher from University of Toronto. The author has contributed to research in topics: Reabsorption & Atrial volume receptors. The author has an hindex of 3, co-authored 3 publications receiving 3207 citations. Previous affiliations of H. Sonnenberg include Queen's University.

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that the atrial extract contained an extremely powerful inhibitor of renal tubular NaCl re absorption, which caused a rapid, more than 30-fold increase of sodium and chloride excretions, while urine volume and potassium excretion doubled.

3,051 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In anesthetized rats micropuncture and microcatheterization were used to collect tubular fluid from end proximal and distal tubules and from the outer medullary collecting duct, and sodium excretion increased 17-fold after atrial extract, significantly greater rise than the 3-fold increase after ventricular extract.
Abstract: In anesthetized rats micropuncture and microcatheterization were used to collect tubular fluid from end proximal and distal tubules and from the outer medullary collecting duct. Urine was collected at the papilla tip. Samples were taken from the same sites before and after intravenous injection of atrial tissue extract; rats injected with ventricular extract served as controls. Sodium excretion increased 17-fold after atrial extract, a significantly greater rise than the 3-fold increase after ventricular extract. Clearances of inulin and single nephron filtration rates did not change significantly in either group. Tubular fluid collection results showed a similar reduction (16 to 20%) of proximal fluid and sodium reabsorption in both groups. In the experimental group only, NaCl reabsorption failed to rise in response to increased load in the medullary collecting duct. The resulting fall in fractional reabsorption in the medullary collecting duct accounted for 80% of the natriuresis. We conclude that atria...

201 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that, in chronically prepared rats, renal blood flow is not affected by anesthesia or by micropuncture surgery.
Abstract: Fifteen-micrometer microspheres were used to study renal blood flow in rats which had been cannulated 3 or more days previously. Renal blood flow was assessed while the animals were conscious, afte...

6 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
03 Mar 1988-Nature
TL;DR: The brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) as mentioned in this paper was identified in porcine brain of a novel peptide of 26 amino acid residues, eliciting a pharmacological spectrum very similar to that of ANP.
Abstract: Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), a hormone secreted from mammalian atria, regulates the homoeostatic balance of body fluid and blood pressure. ANP-like immunoreactivity is also present in the brain, suggesting that the peptide functions as a neuropeptide. We report here identification in porcine brain of a novel peptide of 26 amino-acid residues, eliciting a pharmacological spectrum very similar to that of ANP, such as natriuretic-diuretic, hypotensive and chick rectum relaxant activities. The complete amino-acid sequence determined for the peptide is remarkably similar to but definitely distinct from the known sequence of ANP, indicating that the genes for the two are distinct. Thus, we have designated the peptide 'brain natriuretic peptide' (BNP). The occurrence of BNP with ANP in mammalian brain suggests the possibility that the physiological functions so far thought to be mediated by ANP may be regulated through a dual mechanism involving both ANP and BNP.

1,794 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: Guanylyl cyclases are a family of enzymes that catalyze the conversion of GTP to cGMP as mentioned in this paper, and they are regulated by diverse extracellular agonists that include peptide hormones, bacterial toxins, and free radicals, as well as intracellular molecules such as calcium and adenine nucleotides.
Abstract: Guanylyl cyclases are a family of enzymes that catalyze the conversion of GTP to cGMP. The family comprises both membrane-bound and soluble isoforms that are expressed in nearly all cell types. They are regulated by diverse extracellular agonists that include peptide hormones, bacterial toxins, and free radicals, as well as intracellular molecules, such as calcium and adenine nucleotides. Stimulation of guanylyl cyclases and the resultant accumulation of cGMP regulates complex signaling cascades through immediate downstream effectors, including cGMP-dependent protein kinases, cGMP-regulated phosphodiesterases, and cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels. Guanylyl cyclases and cGMP-mediated signaling cascades play a central role in the regulation of diverse (patho)physiological processes, including vascular smooth muscle motility, intestinal fluid and electrolyte homeostasis, and retinal phototransduction. Topics addressed in this review include the structure and chromosomal localization of the genes for guanylyl cyclases, structure and function of the members of the guanylyl cyclase family, molecular mechanisms regulating enzymatic activity, and molecular sequences coupling ligand binding to catalytic activity. A brief overview is presented of the downstream events controlled by guanylyl cyclases, including the effectors that are regulated by cGMP and the role that guanylyl cyclases play in cell physiology and pathophysiology.

1,211 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A survey for natriuretic factors in human atrial extract was performed by using in vitro assay for the relaxant effect on the contractility of chick rectum.

1,076 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Measurement of circulating concentrations of B-type natriuretic peptide and the N-terminal fragment of its prohormones and use of recombinant human BNP (nesiritide) and vasopeptidase inhibitors to treat heart failure are focused on.

1,038 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The structure, function, regulation, and biological consequences of natriuretic peptides and their associated signaling proteins are described.
Abstract: Natriuretic peptides are a family of structurally related but genetically distinct hormones/paracrine factors that regulate blood volume, blood pressure, ventricular hypertrophy, pulmonary hypertension, fat metabolism, and long bone growth. The mammalian members are atrial natriuretic peptide, B-type natriuretic peptide, C-type natriuretic peptide, and possibly osteocrin/musclin. Three single membrane-spanning natriuretic peptide receptors (NPRs) have been identified. Two, NPR-A/GC-A/NPR1 and NPR-B/GC-B/NPR2, are transmembrane guanylyl cyclases, enzymes that catalyze the synthesis of cGMP. One, NPR-C/NPR3, lacks intrinsic enzymatic activity and controls the local concentrations of natriuretic peptides through constitutive receptor-mediated internalization and degradation. Single allele-inactivating mutations in the promoter of human NPR-A are associated with hypertension and heart failure, whereas homozygous inactivating mutations in human NPR-B cause a form of short-limbed dwarfism known as acromesomelic dysplasia type Maroteaux. The physiological effects of natriuretic peptides are elicited through three classes of cGMP binding proteins: cGMP-dependent protein kinases, cGMP-regulated phosphodiesterases, and cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels. In this comprehensive review, the structure, function, regulation, and biological consequences of natriuretic peptides and their associated signaling proteins are described.

963 citations