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Halit Yanikkaya

Other affiliations: Celal Bayar University
Bio: Halit Yanikkaya is an academic researcher from Gebze Institute of Technology. The author has contributed to research in topics: Productivity & Developing country. The author has an hindex of 11, co-authored 46 publications receiving 1465 citations. Previous affiliations of Halit Yanikkaya include Celal Bayar University.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article showed that trade liberalization does not have a simple and straightforward relationship with growth using a large number of trade openness measures for a cross section of countries over the last three decades.

888 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors found that the relationship between growth and democratic institutions is sensitive to sample selection and estimation technique, and that countries with democratic institutions do enjoy superior growth performance when an identical sample of countries is used, while adopting democratic institutions does not appear to improve growth performance.

193 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors assess the impact of fund and bank loan programs on economic growth using an empirical growth model that controls for other determinants of growth, and find that bank lending stimulates growth in some cases, primarily by increasing public investment.

98 citations

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TL;DR: In this article, the authors report the results of a study of the impact of government expenditures on economic growth, emphasizing how government effectiveness influences the efficiency of government spending and the effects of sub-categories of government expenditure on growth.

96 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed and compared the dynamics for the profitability of conventional banks and Islamic banks in the Organization of Islamic Cooperation countries and the United Kingdom between 2007 and 2013 using a sample of 74 Islamic and 354 conventional commercial banks.
Abstract: This paper analyzes and compares the dynamics for the profitability of conventional banks and Islamic banks in the Organization of Islamic Cooperation countries and the United Kingdom between 2007 and 2013 using a sample of 74 Islamic and 354 conventional commercial banks. “Net interest margin” and “return on asset” are employed as variables representing the profitability and several new explanatory variables are introduced such as, the usage of self-service banking channels, penetration of financial services, crude oil/agriculture price indexes and asset ratio of non-Murabahah assets of Islamic Banking. Dynamic panel data estimates indicate that almost all explanatory variables of profitability for conventional and Islamic banks are different implying that profitability of Islamic banks relies on the different dynamics than that of conventional ones. Both profitability measures are not persistent over time and neither of them has significant relationship with the country specific macroeconomic variables. Estimation results imply the importance of new product and alternative channel development in enhancing the profitability of Islamic banks. Moreover, our analysis shows that the usage of products which promotes more risk sharing as compared to the products based on Murabahah structure can contribute to the performance of Islamic banks.

72 citations


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Book
01 Jan 2009

8,216 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Richard S.J. Tol1
TL;DR: Greenhouse gas emissions are fundamental both to the world's energy system and to its food production as discussed by the authors, and they are the mother of all externalities: larger, more complex, and more uncertain than any other environmental problem.
Abstract: Greenhouse gas emissions are fundamental both to the world’s energy system and to its food production. The production of CO2, the predominant gas implicated in climate change, is intrinsic to fossil fuel combustion; specifically, thermal energy is generated by breaking the chemical bonds in the carbohydrates oil, coal, and natural gas and oxidizing the components to CO2 and H2O. One cannot have cheap energy without carbon dioxide emissions. Similarly, methane (CH4) emissions, an important greenhouse gas in its own right, are necessary to prevent the build-up of hydrogen in anaerobic digestion and decomposition. One cannot have beef, mutton, dairy, or rice without methane emissions. Climate change is the mother of all externalities: larger, more complex, and more uncertain than any other environmental problem. The sources of greenhouse gas emissions are more diffuse than any other environmental problem. Every company, every farm, every household emits some greenhouse gases. The effects are similarly pervasive. Weather affects agriculture, energy use, health, and many aspects of nature—which in turn affects everything and everyone. The causes and consequences of climate change are very diverse, and those in low-income countries who contribute least to climate change are most vulnerable to its effects. Climate change is also a long-term problem. Some greenhouse gases have an atmospheric life-time measured in tens of thousands of years. The quantities of emissions involved are enormous. In 2000, carbon dioxide emissions alone (and excluding land use change) were 24 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide (tCO2).

1,054 citations