We describe in this paper the general methods for using the Salmonella/microsome test as a mutagenesis screening system. The methods described include the standard plate test, the use and storage of the bacterial tester strains, preparation and use of the liver homogenates (S/sub 9/), and the methods of inducing the rats for elevated microsomal enzyme activity. The application of this test system to screening large numbers of compounds, and the interpretation of test results is also discussed.

Methods for detecting carcinogens and mutagens with the salmonella/mammalian-microsome mutagenicity test

The methods for detecting carcinogens and mutagens with the Salmonella mutagenicity test were described previously (Ames et al., 1975b). The present paper is a revision of the methods. Two new tester strains, a frameshift strain (TA97) and a strain carrying an ochre mutation on a multicopy plasmid (TA102), are added to the standard tester set. TA97 replaces TA1537. TA1535 and TA1538 are removed from the recommended set but can be retained at the option of the investigator. TA98 and TA100 are retained. We discuss other special purpose strains and present some minor changes in procedure, principally in the growth, storage, and preservation of the tester strains. Two substitutions are made in diagnostic mutagens to eliminate MNNG and 9-aminoacridine. Some test modifications are discussed.

Revised methods for the salmonella mutagenicity test

https://www.journal-of-hepatology.eu/article/0168-8278(95)80226-6/pdf

Histological grading and staging of chronic hepatitis.

https://aasldpubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/hep.1840010511

Formulation and application of a numerical scoring system for assessing histological activity in asymptomatic chronic active hepatitis

http://www.umassmed.edu/globalassets/immunology-and-microbiology/documents/papers-for-bbs821-2015/nov-24-reviewfor-general-info.pdf

Hans Popper

Papers

A classification of chronic hepatitis.

American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases: Symposium on Toxic Hepatic Injury

Capillarization of hepatic sinusoids in man.

Beneficial effect of azathioprine and prediction of prognosis in primary biliary cirrhosis: Final results of an international trial

Transmissible agent in non-A, non-B hepatitis.