Hanwei Cao

TL;DR: The DNA sequence of K. pneumoniae isolates from around the world is determined and it is shown that there is a wide spectrum of diversity, including variation within shared sequences and gain and loss of whole genes, and there is an unrecognized association between the possession of specific gene profiles associated with virulence and antibiotic resistance.

TL;DR: It is shown that MAIT-cell activation requires key genes encoding enzymes that form 5-amino-6-d-ribitylaminouracil (5-A-RU), an early intermediate in bacterial riboflavin synthesis, and MR1 is able to capture, stabilize and present chemically unstable pyrimidine intermediates, which otherwise convert to lumazines, as potent antigens to MAIT cells.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated for the first time that c-di-GMP can function as an effector to stimulate the activity of a transcriptional activator, and explain how type 3 fimbriae expression is coordinated with other gene expression programs in K. pneumoniae to promote biofilm formation to implanted medical devices.

TL;DR: The activation and expansion of MAIT cells coupled with their pro-inflammatory cytokine production occurred in response to Ags derived from microbial riboflavin synthesis and was augmented by co-stimulatory signals.

TL;DR: It is shown that CD8α+ DCs were particularly efficient at sensing bacterial flagellin through NLRC4 inflammasomes and only IL-18 was required for IFN-γ production by memory CD8+ T cells, which could be activated by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.