Héctor Viveros-Viveros

Bio: Héctor Viveros-Viveros is an academic researcher from Universidad Veracruzana. The author has contributed to research in topics: Pinus hartwegii & Magnolia schiedeana. The author has an hindex of 6, co-authored 25 publications receiving 160 citations.

Effect of climate change on the distribution of Magnolia schiedeana: a threatened species

Abstract: The effects of climate change on biodiversity are imminent, and these turn out to be particularly alarming for the tropi- cal montane cloud forest. The disappearance of fragments of this forest is expected, along with some of their most characteristic species, such as Magnolia schiedeana. Mexico, through the National System of Protected Natural Areas, must consider protection strategies for those species distributed within the Protected Natural Areas that will be affected by the climate change. This study delimits the distribution of M. schiedeana in Mexico, through ecological niche and future distribution modeling under two pe- riods: years 2040 and 2080. These distribution models tend to move towards northeastern Mexico. The potential distribution of this species declines by 0.36% and 1.94% in the fi rst and second periods, respectively. From this result, the future role of National System of Protected Natural Areas in the long-term conservation of M. schiedeana was analyzed, prompting a proposal to focus conservation efforts on the following Protected Natural Areas: (1) At the federal level: Biosphere Reserve Sierra Gorda and Canon de Metztitlan, Cuenca del Rio Necaxa and El Potosi, National Park El Chico, Cofre de Perote, Pico de Orizaba and Los Marmoles, and Nevado de Toluca. (2) At the state level: Cerro de las Culebras, Cerro de la Galaxia, Cerro de Macuiltepetl, El Tejar Garnica,

Variación isoenzimática de Pinus hartwegii Lindl. en un gradiente altitudinal en Michoacán, México

Abstract: Para conocer la variacion genetica en un gradiente altitudinal y generar lineamientos para la conservacion de Pinus hartwegii Lindl., se investigo la variacion genetica isoenzimatica entre poblaciones de esta especie a diferentes altitudes en el Parque Nacional Pico de Tancitaro, Michoacan, Mexico. Se recolectaron semillas de cuatro localidades ubicadas a 3000, 3200, 3400 y 3600 m de altitud. Se encontro polimorfismo en 11 de los 12 loci examinados. La heterocigosidad esperada promedio (He) fue 0.12. En tres loci existio desequilibrio de Hardy–Weinberg (p<0.001), con un deficit de heterocigotos. La diferenciacion genetica entre poblaciones fue significativa (FST=0.111). La distancia genetica promedio (0.108) fue baja, y el flujo genico (Nm=2.0) fue relativamente bajo. El agrupamiento de las poblaciones separa a la poblacion de 3600 m del resto (a 3400 m) (p<0.05). Se sugiere establecer una Unidad de Conservacion de Recursos Geneticos Forestales (UCRGF) a 3600 m de altitud y un tamano minimo de poblacion viable (Ne) de 4157 individuos, y otra entre los 3000 y los 3350 m de altitud y un Ne de 3055 arboles

Variación entre procedencias de Pinus pseudostrobus establecidas endos sitios en Michoacán, México

Abstract: Resumen es: Con el proposito de determinar la variacion genetica entre procedencias en caracteristicas del crecimiento, supervivencia, danos por heladas y el grado...

Building evolutionary resilience for conserving biodiversity under climate change

Abstract: Evolution occurs rapidly and is an ongoing process in our environments. Evolutionary principles need to be built into conservation efforts, particularly given the stressful conditions organisms are increasingly likely to experience because of climate change and ongoing habitat fragmentation. The concept of evolutionary resilience is a way of emphasizing evolutionary processes in conservation and landscape planning. From an evolutionary perspective, landscapes need to allow in situ selection and capture high levels of genetic variation essential for responding to the direct and indirect effects of climate change. We summarize ideas that need to be considered in planning for evolutionary resilience and suggest how they might be incorporated into policy and management to ensure that resilience is maintained in the face of environmental degradation.

The interaction between freezing tolerance and phenology in temperate deciduous trees.

Abstract: Temperate climates are defined by distinct temperature seasonality with large and often unpredictable weather during any of the four seasons. To thrive in such climates, trees have to withstand a cold winter and the stochastic occurrence of freeze events during any time of the year. The physiological mechanisms trees adopt to escape, avoid, and tolerate freezing temperatures include a cold acclimation in autumn, a dormancy period during winter (leafless in deciduous trees), and the maintenance of a certain freezing tolerance during dehardening in early spring. The change from one phase to the next is mediated by complex interactions between temperature and photoperiod. This review aims at providing an overview of the interplay between phenology of leaves and species-specific freezing resistance. First, we address the long-term evolutionary responses that enabled temperate trees to tolerate certain low temperature extremes. We provide evidence that short term acclimation of freezing resistance plays a crucial role both in dormant and active buds, including re-acclimation to cold conditions following warm spells. This ability declines to almost zero during leaf emergence. Second, we show that the risk that native temperate trees encounter freeze injuries is low and is confined to spring and underline that this risk might be altered by climate warming depending on species-specific phenological responses to environmental cues.

Quantifying phenological plasticity to temperature in two temperate tree species

Abstract: Summary 1 Phenotypic plasticity allows large shifts in the timing of phenology within one single generation and drives phenotypic variability under environmental changes, thus it will enhance the inherent adaptive capacities of plants against future changes of climate 2 Using five common gardens set along an altitudinal gradient (100–1600 m asl), we experimentally examined the phenotypic plasticity of leaf phenology in response to temperature increase for two temperate tree species (Fagus sylvatica and Quercus petraea) We used seedlings from three populations of each species inhabiting different altitudes (400, 800 and 1200 m asl) Leaf unfolding in spring and leaf senescence in autumn were monitored on seedlings for 2 years 3 Overall, a high phenological plasticity was found for both species The reaction norms of leaf unfolding date to temperature linearly accelerated for both species with an average shift of )5AE7 days per degree increase Timing of leaf senescence exhibited hyperbolic trends for beech due to earlier senescence at the lowest elevation garden and no or slight trends for oak There was no difference in the magnitude of phenological plasticity among populations from different elevations For both species, the growing season length increased to reach maximum values at about 10–13 � C of annual temperature according to the population 4 Since the magnitude of phenological plasticity is high for all the tested populations, they are likely to respond immediately to temperature variations in terms of leaf phenology Consequently the mid- to high-elevation populations are likely to experience a longer growing season with climate warming The results suggest that climate warming could lengthen the growing season of all populations over the altitudinal gradient, although the low-elevation populations, especially of beech, may experience accelerated senescence and shorter growing season due to drought and other climate changes associated with warming

Natural solutions : protected areas helping people cope with climate change (Korean version)

Abstract: Protected areas play a major role in reducing climate changing carbon dioxide emissions in the atmosphere. Fifteen percent of the world’s terrestrial carbon stock - 312 gigatonnes - are stored in protected areas around the world. Protected areas also serve as natural buffers against climate impacts and other disasters, providing space for floodwaters to disperse, stabilizing soil against landslides and blocking storm surges. And protected areas can keep natural resources healthy and productive so they can withstand the impacts of climate change and continue to provide the food, clean water, shelter and income communities rely upon for survival.