Author
Helaine Guther
Bio: Helaine Guther is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Psychosocial & Randomized controlled trial. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 796 citations.
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: Supportive-expressive group therapy does not prolong survival in women with metastatic breast cancer, but it improves mood and the perception of pain, particularly in women who are initially more distressed.
Abstract: Background Supportive–expressive group therapy has been reported to prolong survival among women with metastatic breast cancer. However, in recent studies, various psychosocial interventions have not prolonged survival. Methods In a multicenter trial, we randomly assigned 235 women with metastatic breast cancer who were expected to survive at least three months in a 2:1 ratio to an intervention group that participated in weekly supportive–expressive group therapy (158 women) or to a control group that received no such intervention (77 women). All the women received educational materials and any medical or psychosocial care that was deemed necessary. The primary outcome was survival; psychosocial function was assessed by self-reported questionnaires. Results Women assigned to supportive–expressive therapy had greater improvement in psychological symptoms and reported less pain (P=0.04) than women in the control group. A significant interaction of treatment-group assignment with base-line psychological scor...
833 citations
Cited by
More filters
TL;DR: The author argues that all 3 variables that assess different aspects of social relationships are associated with health outcomes, that these variables each influence health through different mechanisms, and that associations between these variables and health are not spurious findings attributable to the authors' personalities.
Abstract: The author discusses 3 variables that assess different aspects of social relationships—social support, social integration, and negative interaction. The author argues that all 3 are associated with health outcomes, that these variables each influence health through different mechanisms, and that associations between these variables and health are not spurious findings attributable to our personalities. This argument suggests a broader view of how to intervene in social networks to improve health. This includes facilitating both social integration and social support by creating and nurturing both close (strong) and peripheral (weak) ties within natural social networks and reducing opportunities for negative social interaction. Finally, the author emphasizes the necessity to understand more about who benefits most and least from socialconnectedness interventions.
3,981 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that the existence of social networks means that people's health is interdependent and that health and health care can transcend the individual in ways that patients, doctors, policy makers, and researchers should care about.
Abstract: People are interconnected, and so their health is interconnected. In recognition of this social fact, there has been growing conceptual and empirical attention over the past decade to the impact of social networks on health. This article reviews prominent findings from this literature. After drawing a distinction between social network studies and social support studies, we explore current research on dyadic and supradyadic network influences on health, highlighting findings from both egocentric and sociocentric analyses. We then discuss the policy implications of this body of work, as well as future research directions. We conclude that the existence of social networks means that people's health is interdependent and that health and health care can transcend the individual in ways that patients, doctors, policy makers, and researchers should care about.
1,297 citations
TL;DR: The evidence that various cellular and molecular immunological factors are compromised in chronic stress and depression is overviewed and the clinical implications of these factors in the initiation and progression of cancer are discussed.
Abstract: The links between the psychological and physiological features of cancer risk and progression have been studied through psychoneuroimmunology. The persistent activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in the chronic stress response and in depression probably impairs the immune response and contributes to the development and progression of some types of cancer. Here, we overview the evidence that various cellular and molecular immunological factors are compromised in chronic stress and depression and discuss the clinical implications of these factors in the initiation and progression of cancer. The consecutive stages of the multistep immune reactions are either inhibited or enhanced as a result of previous or parallel stress experiences, depending on the type and intensity of the stressor and on the animal species, strain, sex, or age. In general, both stressors and depression are associated with the decreased cytotoxic T-cell and natural-killer-cell activities that affect processes such as immune surveillance of tumours, and with the events that modulate development and accumulation of somatic mutations and genomic instability. A better understanding of the bidirectional communication between the neuroendocrine and immune systems could contribute to new clinical and treatment strategies.
1,100 citations
University of Pennsylvania1, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai2, Washington University in St. Louis3, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill4, Duke University5, Emory University6, McGill University7, Columbia University8, National Institutes of Health9, University of California, San Diego10, University of Miami11, Rutgers University12, Rush University Medical Center13, University of Washington14, Stanford University15, Food and Drug Administration16, Johns Hopkins University17, Rockefeller University18, University of Florida19, University of Pittsburgh20, University of Iowa21, Group Health Cooperative22, American Diabetes Association23
TL;DR: A growing body of evidence suggests that biological mechanisms underlie a bidirectional link between mood disorders and many medical illnesses and there is evidence to suggest that mood disorders affect the course of medical illnesses.
992 citations
TL;DR: This review integrates clinical, cellular and molecular studies to provide a mechanistic understanding of the interface between biological and behavioural influences in cancer, and identifies novel behavioural or pharmacological interventions that might help improve cancer outcomes.
Abstract: Stress does not cause cancer per se, but depression and a lack of social support might influence cancer progression and clinical outcome. Can identification of the molecular and biological mechanisms involved be used to improve patient treatment? Epidemiological studies indicate that stress, chronic depression and lack of social support might serve as risk factors for cancer development and progression. Recent cellular and molecular studies have identified biological processes that could potentially mediate such effects. This review integrates clinical, cellular and molecular studies to provide a mechanistic understanding of the interface between biological and behavioural influences in cancer, and identifies novel behavioural or pharmacological interventions that might help improve cancer outcomes.
841 citations