There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

The oxidation behaviour of metals and alloys at high temperatures in atmospheres containing water vapour: A review

Oxidation of Metals and Alloys By Dr. O. Kubaschewski and B. E. Hopkins. Pp. xv + 239. (London: Butterworths Scientific Publications, Ltd.; New York: Academic Press, Inc., 1953.) 35s. net.

The Oxidation of Metals

Chemical stability, mechanical behaviour and biocompatibility in body fluids and tissues are the basic requirements for successful application of implant materials in bone fractures and replacements. Corrosion is one of the major processes affecting the life and service of orthopaedic devices made of metals and alloys used as implants in the body. Among the metals and alloys known, stainless steels (SS), Co-Cr alloys and titanium and its alloys are the most widely used for the making of biodevices for extended life in human body. Incidences of failure of stainless steel implant devices reveal the occurrence of significant localised corroding viz., pitting and crevice corrosion. Titanium forms a stable TiO2 film which can release titanium particles under wear into the body environment. To reduce corrosion and achieve better biocompatibility, bulk alloying of stainless steels with titanium and nitrogen, surface alloying by ion implantation of stainless steels and titanium and its alloys, and surface modification of stainless steel with bioceramic coatings are considered potential methods for improving the performance of orthopaedic devices. This review discusses these issues in depth and examines emerging directions.

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Corrosion of bio implants

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Henri Buscail

Papers

Characterization of the oxides formed at 1000 °C on the AISI 304 stainless steel by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy

Characterization of the oxides formed at 1000 °C on the AISI 316L stainless steel—Role of molybdenum

Oxidation of alumina formers at 1173 K: effect of yttrium ion implantation and yttrium alloying addition

The effect of gas composition on the isothermal oxidation behaviour of PM chromium

The influence of implanted yttrium on the cyclic oxidation behaviour of 304 stainless steel