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Author

Henry de Mesmes

Bio: Henry de Mesmes is an academic researcher. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 7 citations.

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the reference a la servitude volontaire lorsqu'elle sert a denoncer une illusion d'accroissement de la liberte des individus au moyen des technologies d'information and de communication (TIC).
Abstract: Sans entrer dans une analyse evaluative et comparative des arguments en presence, nous voudrions examiner, dans cet article, la reference a la servitude volontaire lorsqu’elle sert a denoncer une illusion d’accroissement de la liberte des individus au moyen des technologies d’information et de communication (TIC). En s’appuyant sur sa version originelle (16e siecle), cette reference est-elle justifiee ? Nous voudrions montrer que si une structure de servitude apparait effectivement, le debat opposant les defenseurs des TIC et leurs detracteurs appelle a penser, voire a re-penser le rapport entre l’homme et sa nature technicienne, plutot que de faire des diatribes ou de faire l’apologie de la societe numerique.

5 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
28 Apr 2020
TL;DR: This tension in light of the emergence of several forms of digital normativity is examined, and how this normative role of AI may influence the ability of humans to remain subject of their life is analyzed.
Abstract: Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have opened unprecedented opportunities to humans to think and operate the world and its increasing complexity with digital technologies. Striking examples are deep neural networks (DNNs) (Lecun et al., 2015; Mnih et al., 2015), which can be trained quickly on large datasets either self-generated or already available from human experience. In particular, algorithms can become more efficient than humans on specific tasks after relatively short training periods compared to the time that humans need to learn (few hours or days, as compared to years). Their technical efficiency has for instance been demonstrated for optimizing financial transactions, speech or text recognition (Hinton et al., 2012), language translation (Hassan et al., 2018), real-time image content analysis, autonomous driving (Chen et al., 2015), or playing chess or go (Silver et al., 2017). They also start to see use in medicine to reach diagnoses (Lehman et al., 2019; Ye et al., 2019) and improve neuroprosthetics (Bocquelet et al., 2016; Schwemmer et al., 2018; Anumanchipalli et al., 2019). This multiplicity of technical demonstrations is thus progressively bringing AI central and ubiquitous in human life. Yet, the effectiveness of algorithms in bringing more and more relevant recommendations to humans may start to compete with human-alone decisions based on values other than pure efficacy. Here, we examine this tension in light of the emergence of several forms of digital normativity, and analyze how this normative role of AI may influence the ability of humans to remain subject of their life.

4 citations

30 May 2016
TL;DR: In this article, the authors deal with a cohort of young French workers who interrupted their studies between the end of secondary school and the commencement of the university courses, in order to occupy at full time an unskilled job (UJ) in retail.
Abstract: Focusing on changes of the workforce, this article deal with a cohort of young French workers who interrupted their studies between the end of the secondary school and the commencement of the university courses, in order to occupy at full time an unskilled job (UJ) in retail. Both this cohort and these jobs have undergone an increase since the mid 1990s, driven by the development of services and the orientation of education policies. Facing their recent overrepresentation in unskilled service jobs, this communication study the relationship between the management of a new workforce through productive restructuring of retail firms, meeting the hopes, values and representation of this category of young people whose insertion goes through an UJ. This paper illustrates the growing consideration by the retail industry for the specific resources of this workforce, stagnating in UJ during several years, where their practical intelligence allows them to be protected against the exacerbation of the branch’s contradictions and tensions. The usage of this particular docility as a skill illustrates an educated precariousness jointly developed with the education revolution and the expansion of schooling.

3 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
15 Nov 2012
TL;DR: The authors retrace les acceptions qu’a pu recevoir la domination dans l'histoire de la pensee and dans la sociologie contemporaine.
Abstract: La domination est un concept central de l’analyse sociologique. A tel point qu’une sociologie de la domination en a fait le maitre mot de ses explications. Cet article retrace les acceptions qu’a pu recevoir cette notion dans l’histoire de la pensee et dans la sociologie contemporaine. Il degage les difficultes theoriques dans lesquelles verse une sociologie de la domination qui l’inscrit comme moyen et fin de sa demarche et engage le sociologue a clarifier un peu mieux le statut explicatif qu’il reconnait a ce mot.

2 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 2018
TL;DR: In this article, auteurs comme Georg Simmel et al. discuss the difficulty of perceiving and adapting to a disruption profonde des modes de vie traditionnellement porteurs d'une integration sociale.
Abstract: La societe des reseaux se vit elle-meme comme une communaute integree. Il lui est particulierement difficile de se percevoir comme etant une disruption profonde des modes de vie traditionnellement porteurs d’une integration sociale. Nous devons recourir a des auteurs comme Georg Simmel pour comprendre comment les societes modernes accelerent leur tempo et engendrent des collectifs dont l’ancrage anthropologique est tres precaire en depit de leur force d’entrainement sur l’ensemble de l’humanite.

1 citations