Showing papers by "Henry R. Black published in 2011"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provided evidence-based recommendations for the prevention of future stroke among survivors of ischemic stroke or transient ischemi-chemic attack, including the control of risk factors, intervention for vascular obstruction, antithrombotic therapy for cardioembolism, and antiplatelet therapy for noncardioembolic stroke.
Abstract: The aim of this updated guideline is to provide comprehensive and timely evidence-based recommendations on the prevention of future stroke among survivors of ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. The guideline is addressed to all clinicians who manage secondary prevention for these patients. Evidence-based recommendations are provided for control of risk factors, intervention for vascular obstruction, antithrombotic therapy for cardioembolism, and antiplatelet therapy for noncardioembolic stroke. Recommendations are also provided for the prevention of recurrent stroke in a variety of specific circumstances, including aortic arch atherosclerosis, arterial dissection, patent foramen ovale, hyperhomocysteinemia, hypercoagulable states, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, sickle cell disease, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, and pregnancy. Special sections address use of antithrombotic and anticoagulation therapy after an intracranial hemorrhage and implementation of guidelines.
4,545 citations
TL;DR: Improvements in adherence and persistence are likely to be achieved by supporting patient self-management, a team approach to patient care, technology-supported office practice systems, better methods to measure adherence, and less clinical inertia.
Abstract: Nonadherence and poor or no persistence with taking antihypertensive medications results in uncontrolled high blood pressure, poor clinical outcomes and preventable health care costs. Factors associated with nonadherence are multilevel and relate not only to the patient, but also to the provider, health care system, health care organization, and community. National guideline committees have called for more aggressive approaches to implement strategies known to improve adherence and technologies known to enable changes at the systems level including improved communication among providers and patients. Improvements in adherence and persistence are likely to be achieved by supporting patient self-management, a team approach to patient care, technology-supported office practice systems, better methods to measure adherence, and less clinical inertia. Integrating high blood pressure control into health care policies that emphasize and improve prevention and management of chronic illness remains a challenge. Four strategies are proposed: focusing on clinical outcomes; empowering informed, activated patients; developing prepared proactive practice teams; and advocating for health care policy reform. With hypertension remaining the most common reason for office visits, the time is now.
109 citations
University of Arizona1, George Washington University2, Brown University3, National Institutes of Health4, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center5, Wake Forest University6, Pharmaceutical Product Development7, University of California, San Francisco8, Yeshiva University9, Baylor College of Medicine10, Harvard University11, Emory University12, University of California, Los Angeles13, Kaiser Permanente14, Medical College of Wisconsin15, Howard University16, Northwestern University17, Rush University Medical Center18, Stanford University19, Stony Brook University20, Ohio State University21, University of Alabama at Birmingham22, University at Buffalo23, University of California, Davis24, University of California, Irvine25, University of California, San Diego26, University of Cincinnati27, University of Florida28, University of Hawaii at Manoa29, University of Iowa30, University of Massachusetts Medical School31, Rutgers University32, University of Miami33, University of Minnesota34, University of Nevada, Reno35, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill36, University of Pittsburgh37, University of Tennessee Health Science Center38, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio39, University of Wisconsin-Madison40, Wayne State University41
TL;DR: The increase in fracture risk confirms the importance of fracture prevention in patients with RA and OA, and report of arthritis was associated with increased risk for spine, hip, and any clinical fractures.
Abstract: Objective. To examine the relationship between arthritis and fracture. Methods. Women were classified into 3 self-reported groups at baseline: no arthritis (n = 83,295), osteoarthritis (OA; n = 63,402), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA; n = 960). Incident fractures were self-reported throughout followup. Age-adjusted fracture rates by arthritis category were generated, and the Cox proportional hazards model was used to test the association between arthritis and fracture. Results. After an average of 7.80 years, 24,137 total fractures were reported including 2559 self-reported clinical spinal fractures and 1698 adjudicated hip fractures. For each fracture type, age-adjusted fracture rates were highest in the RA group and lowest in the nonarthritic group. After adjustment for several covariates, report of arthritis was associated with increased risk for spine, hip, and any clinical fractures. Compared to the nonarthritis group, the risk of sustaining any clinical fracture in the OA group was HR 1.09 (95% CI 1.05, 1.13; p Conclusion. The increase in fracture risk confirms the importance of fracture prevention in patients with RA and OA.
85 citations