https://arpi.unipi.it/bitstream/11568/798598/2/polacco%20798598.pdf

A review of the fundamentals of polymer-modified asphalts: Asphalt/polymer interactions and principles of compatibility

100% recycled hot mix asphalt lab samples were modified with five generic and one proprietary rejuvenators at 12% dose and tested for binder and mixture properties. Waste Vegetable Oil, Waste Vegetable Grease, Organic Oil, Distilled Tall Oil, and Aromatic Extract reduced the Superpave performance grade (PG) from 94–12 of extracted binder to PG 64-22 while waste engine oil required higher dose. All products ensured excellent rutting resistance while providing longer fatigue life when compared to virgin mixtures and most lowered critical cracking temperature. Rejuvenated samples required more compaction energy compared to virgin and some oils reduced moisture resistance slightly.

Influence of Six Rejuvenators on the Performance Properties of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) Binder and 100% Recycled Asphalt Mixtures

This paper describes investigation into the change in complex modulus (norm and phase angle) during cyclic tests on bituminous mixtures. The change can be explained by four phenomena: nonlinearity, heating, thixotropy and fatigue. An experimental campaign has been performed at ENTPE laboratory in order to identify and quantify the first three phenomena. The analysis of the results reveals that the two reversible effects (heating and thixotropy) are very important and can not be ignored when interpreting fatigue tests. Nonlinearity, for the rather small strain level amplitudes considered in our experimental campaign (up to 122 μm/m), is also shown to be reversible. Heating is due to the viscous dissipated energy that heats the specimen. At the beginning of the test, temperature increase in the sample is shown to be proportional with the total dissipated energy. Thixotropy effect is quantified. In addition, it is shown that thixotropy effect can be modeled using an equivalent temperature increase.

Nonlinearity, Heating, Fatigue and Thixotropy during Cyclic Loading of Asphalt Mixtures

Applications of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technologies on asphalt materials

Relation between bitumen chemistry and performance

The morphology of bitumen-SBS blends is studied using Epi-Fluorescence microscopy Morphology is defined as the partition of polymer-rich and bitumen-rich phases Existing sample preparation methods for microscopy on bitumen are compared and the obtained morphologies are shown In a second part, differences in morphology are related to differences in rheological behavior The morphological properties strongly depend on the temperature, where a sample is taken, upon the cooling rate and upon isothermal annealing periods During isothermal storage the morphology can undergo major changes The so-called bulk morphology, which is obtained from a freeze-fractured surface, is different from the morphology seen on the surface which has been in contact with air or with silicon

The Morphology of Bitumen-SBS Blends by UV Microscopy: An Evaluation of Preparation Methods

Creep and creep recovery behavior of bituminous binders and its relation to asphalt mixture rutting

https://research.aalto.fi/files/32645745/CHEM_Laukkanen_et_al_modified_bitumen_2018_Construction_and_Building_Materials.pdf

Low-temperature rheological and morphological characterization of SBS modified bitumen

This paper focuses on the influence of thermal history on the rheological properties of unmodified and polymer modified bitumen (PMB), measured at elevated service temperatures, and contributes to the development of test methods for measuring binder properties, which can be used as indicators for asphalt rutting. It was found that the storing and preparation conditions prior to the rheological measurement can have a large influence, especially in the range of long loading times or low frequencies. For elastomer modification, the homogenization and sample pouring temperature and the corresponding change in microstructure, as revealed by fluorescence microscopy, have a large impact on the rheological measurements. For binders with semi-crystalline modifiers, the storage conditions between sample preparation and testing have the largest impact on the rheological behaviour. This can be related to variations in crystallinity, as shown by calorimetry. The main conclusion from this study is that sample preparation and handling is extremely important for the rheological properties of PMBs. Reproducibility can only be achieved when these conditions are controlled more accurately, especially in binder specification tests for rutting susceptibility.

Hilde Soenen

Papers

The Morphology of Bitumen-SBS Blends by UV Microscopy: An Evaluation of Preparation Methods

Creep and creep recovery behavior of bituminous binders and its relation to asphalt mixture rutting

Low-temperature rheological and morphological characterization of SBS modified bitumen

Influence of thermal history on rheological properties of various bitumen

Structural and chemical analysis of bitumen using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS)