Hinrichsen D

Bio: Hinrichsen D is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Agricultural productivity & Food Race. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 12 citations.

Winning the food race.

Abstract: This report provides an overview of the important developments in the population field particularly in the production of food that will meet the demand of the growing population. It is noted that while the global economy produces enough food to feed the worlds 6 billion people many people lack access to enough food for a healthy life. This is most apparent in poor countries where population is growing rapidly and hunger and malnutrition are often the critical problems. Estimates show that more than 840 million people mostly women and children particularly girls suffer chronic malnourishment; each year 18 million people die from starvation malnutrition and related causes. Along with discouraging trends in agricultural production and population growth international trade policies raise questions about whether food production and distribution can improve fast enough to overtake population growth and reach the goal of food security. However a coordinated approach to increase agricultural production improve food distribution manage resources and provide family planning as well as education and health care would yield to the achievement of food security.

Food insecurity, HIV/AIDS pandemic and sexual behaviour of female commercial sex workers in Lagos metropolis, Nigeria.

Abstract: This study examined the role of hunger and food insecurity in the sexual behaviour of female commercial sex workers in Lagos metropolis, Nigeria within the context of HIV/AIDS. In addition, the study investigated the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and induced abortion among the respondents. Cross-sectional survey and in-depth interview research methods were adopted to generate both quantitative and qualitative data from the respondents. Findings of the study showed that 35.0% of the respondents joined the sex industry because of poverty and lack of other means of getting daily food. While all the respondents had knowledge about the existence of HIV/AIDS, 82.0% of them identified sexual intercourse as a major route of HIV transmission. There was a significant relationship between poverty, food insecurity and consistent use of condoms by female sex workers at P<0.01. Specifically, only 24.7% of the respondents used condoms regularly in every sexual act. Consequently, 51.6% had previous cases of STIs. The most prevalent STI among the respondents was gonorrhea, with 76.4% prevalence among ever infected female sex workers. This was followed by syphilis with a prevalence of 21.1%. In addition, 59.1% of the sample had become pregnant while on the job and 93.1% of these pregnancies were aborted through induced abortion. In conclusion, hunger and malnutrition were the factors that pushed young women into prostitution in Nigeria and these same factors hindered them from practicing safe sex within the sex industry. Thus, it is recommended that the Nigerian government should develop programmes that will reduce hunger and food insecurity, in order to reduce rapid transmission of HIV infection in the country.

Human Carrying Capacity Is Determined by Food Availability

Abstract: Simple mathematical models have illustrated the relationship between human carrying capacity and population growth. In this study, food supply is proposed as the variable which best accounts for the human carrying capacity. The logistic equation, using food supply data as a variable carrying capacity, yields population estimates which are in accord with actual population numbers. That food supply data adequately fits the logistic model of human population dynamics provides evidence that, consistent with ecological notions typically applied only to nonhuman species, human population increases are a function of increased food availability.

Landscapes: Bridging the gaps between science, policy and people

Abstract: The centennial volume of this journal provides a fitting time to stop and reflect. Do we know where we are heading? Are we progressing in the right direction? Having studied landscape change for some years, we have seen the tremendous power of engagement that can be found in landscapes. Landscape is a theme that most people easily relate to. At the same time, landscape research has provided many appropriate tools for documenting landscape change and the effects of change. Yet in spite of public engagement and scientific knowledge, we still find many examples of negative landscape developments. In this paper we reflect on the applications of landscape research and the issue of communicating scientific findings to policy, management, landowners and the general public. Do we need a greater focus on communication to achieve sustainable landscape development?

GyneFIX. The frameless intrauterine contraceptive implant--an update for interval, emergency and postabortal contraception.

Abstract: This article reviews the clinical experience with the GyneFix intrauterine implant system for interval, emergency and post-abortal contraception. The relatively high rate of unintended pregnancies and abortions in the world signifies that greater access to contraception is necessary Unwanted pregnancies and abortions could be avoided by widening the range of effective and acceptable contraceptive methods for use in situations where current methods are far from optimal. High effectiveness, protection against sexual transmitted infections, long duration of action, reversibility and safety are some of the most important attributes of contraceptives valued by women. The development of the frameless intrauterine device is a response to the need to develop contraceptives with high user continuation rate. GyneFix has the lowest failure rate of all copper IUDs currently available. Its performance is further optimised by the atraumatic frameless design which minimises the side effects and discomfort experienced with conventional IUDs. GyneFix could, therefore, be a useful new contraceptive option in looking at ways to reduce the number of unwanted pregnancies and induced abortions.

Antimicrobial Activity of Solanum torvum Swart. Against Important Seed Borne Pathogens of Paddy

Abstract: Aqueous and Solvent extracts of leaves of S. torvum viz., Petroleum ether, Benzene, Chloroform, Methanol and Ethanol were tested in vitro for antimicrobial activity following the procedures of poisoned food technique and cup diffusion method against some important seed borne pathogens of paddy viz, Pyricularia oryzae, Alternaria alternata, Bipolaris oryzae, Tricoconis padwickii, Dreschlera tetramera, D. halodes, Curvularia lunata, F. oxysporum, F. moniliformae, F. solani and Xanthomonas oryzae. Aqueous extracts of leaves (at 25% concentration) showed 100, 47.44, 60.47, 71.50, 56.11, 63.33, 78.62, 66.66, 47.44 and 46.27% inhibition of the test pathogens respectively. Highly significant antifungal activity was observed in Methanolic and ethanolic extract. The percentage inhibition of the test pathogenic fungi in Methanolic extract was 100% (P.oryzae), 74.42 (A. alternata), 65.68 (B oryzae), 87.62 (C. lunata), 100% (T. padwickii), 63.33 (D.halodes), 60.31 D. (tetramera), 76.01 (F.moniliformae), 59.21 (F. oxysporum), 43.91% (F.solani) and zone of inhibition of Xanthomonas campestris pv oryzae was 18 and 30mm in Methanol and ethanol extract.