Hiroshi Shinohara

TL;DR: In this article, the results of two years of real-time observation of H2O, CO2, and SO2 in volcanic gases from Mount Etna volcano were unambiguously demonstrated that increasing CO2/SO2 ratios can allow detection of pre-eruptive degassing of rising magmas.

TL;DR: In this article, a convective transport of magma through a conduit is proposed as the mechanism that causes degassing from a reservoir at several kilometers depth, which is quantitatively evaluated based on two fluid-dynamic models: Poiseuille flow in a concentric double-walled pipe, and ascent of non-degassed magma spheres through the conduit filled with degassed volatiles.

TL;DR: In this paper, three mechanisms are proposed to explain various degassing modes, including eruption of bubble-accumulated magma, degassing of a convecting magma column, and permeable gas transportation from a deep magma chamber.

TL;DR: In this article, the partition experiments of NaCl and KCl between silicate melts and aqueous chloride solutions were carried at a temperature of 810°C in the pressure range from 0.6 to 6.0 kb.

TL;DR: In this article, a portable multi-sensor system was developed to measure volcanic plumes in order to estimate the chemical composition and temperature of volcanic gases, and the results demonstrated that concentration ratios of major volcanic gas species (H2O, CO2, and SO2) and temperature can be estimated by the new technique without any complicated chemical analyses even for gases emitted from an inaccessible open vent.