Hong Liu

Bio: Hong Liu is an academic researcher from Shandong University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Medicine & Materials science. The author has an hindex of 100, co-authored 1905 publications receiving 57561 citations. Previous affiliations of Hong Liu include Shanghai University & Guangzhou University.

Tungsten boride: a 2D multiple Dirac semimetal for the hydrogen evolution reaction

Abstract: Development of a non-noble-metal hydrogen-producing catalyst plays a central role in clean energy conversion, enabling a number of sustainable processes for future technologies. Here we propose a two-dimensional (2D) tungsten boride (WB4) lattice, with the Gibbs free energy for the adsorption of atomic hydrogen (ΔGH) tending to the ideal value (0 eV) at the 3% strained state, leading to better hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity. Based on first-principles calculations, we present a systematic theoretical study for the WB4 lattice with special emphasis on the configuration design and electronic structure, and find that the WB4 lattice has multiple Dirac cones around the Fermi level with considerable Fermi velocities to transfer electrons in all directions throughout its structure. Importantly, together with the d-orbital of W, the p-orbitals of borophene subunits in the WB4 lattice can modulate the d band centre to achieve good HER performance. Our research provides a guiding principle for designing and regulating 2D catalysts from the emerging field of noble-metal-free lattices.

A Nanostructured Molybdenum Disulfide Film for Promoting Neural Stem Cell Neuronal Differentiation: toward a Nerve Tissue-Engineered 3D Scaffold

Abstract: Physical cues from nanostructured biomaterials have been shown to possess regulating effects on stem cell fate. In this study, nanostructured molybdenum disulfide (MoS2 ) thin films (MTFs) are prepared by assembling MoS2 nanosheets on a flat substrate. These films are used as a new biocompatible platform for promoting neural stem cell (NSC) differentiation. The results show that the nanostructured MTFs exhibit significantly positive effects on NSC attachment and proliferation without measurable toxicity. More importantly, immunostaining and real-time polymerase chain reaction assessments show that the nanostructured MTFs induce NSC differentiation into neural cells at higher efficiency. It is found that the MTFs have a good electrical conductivity and offer larger surface areas for NSC attachment and spreading compared with conventional tissue culture plates. Furthermore, multilayered cylindrical 3D living scaffolds are constructed by rolling up NSC-cultured MoS2 -polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofiber films that are prepared by chemically assembling MoS2 nanostructures on electrospun PVDF flexible films. These living nerve scaffolds have a great potential for applications in nerve regeneration as cylindrical 3D living scaffolds.

HRS1 acts as a negative regulator of abscisic acid signaling to promote timely germination of Arabidopsis seeds

Abstract: In this work, we conducted functional analysis of Arabidopsis HRS1 gene in order to provide new insights into the mechanisms governing seed germination. Compared with wild type (WT) control, HRS1 knockout mutant (hrs1-1) exhibited significant germination delays on either normal medium or those supplemented with abscisic acid (ABA) or sodium chloride (NaCl), with the magnitude of the delay being substantially larger on the latter media. The hypersensitivity of hrs1-1 germination to ABA and NaCl required ABI3, ABI4 and ABI5, and was aggravated in the double mutant hrs1-1abi1-2 and triple mutant hrs1-1hab1-1abi1-2, indicating that HRS1 acts as a negative regulator of ABA signaling during seed germination. Consistent with this notion, HRS1 expression was found in the embryo axis, and was regulated both temporally and spatially, during seed germination. Further analysis showed that the delay of hrs1-1 germination under normal conditions was associated with reduction in the elongation of the cells located in the lower hypocotyl (LH) and transition zone (TZ) of embryo axis. Interestingly, the germination rate of hrs1-1 was more severely reduced by the inhibitor of cell elongation, and more significantly decreased by the suppressors of plasmalemma H(+)-ATPase activity, than that of WT control. The plasmalemma H(+)-ATPase activity in the germinating seeds of hrs1-1 was substantially lower than that exhibited by WT control, and fusicoccin, an activator of this pump, corrected the transient germination delay of hrs1-1. Together, our data suggest that HRS1 may be needed for suppressing ABA signaling in germinating embryo axis, which promotes the timely germination of Arabidopsis seeds probably by facilitating the proper function of plasmalemma H(+)-ATPase and the efficient elongation of LH and TZ cells.

I and i

Abstract: There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality. Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Abstract: 抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

The chemistry of two-dimensional layered transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets

Abstract: Ultrathin two-dimensional nanosheets of layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are fundamentally and technologically intriguing. In contrast to the graphene sheet, they are chemically versatile. Mono- or few-layered TMDs - obtained either through exfoliation of bulk materials or bottom-up syntheses - are direct-gap semiconductors whose bandgap energy, as well as carrier type (n- or p-type), varies between compounds depending on their composition, structure and dimensionality. In this Review, we describe how the tunable electronic structure of TMDs makes them attractive for a variety of applications. They have been investigated as chemically active electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution and hydrosulfurization, as well as electrically active materials in opto-electronics. Their morphologies and properties are also useful for energy storage applications such as electrodes for Li-ion batteries and supercapacitors.