Author
Howard N.E. Stevens
Other affiliations: Glasgow Royal Infirmary, University of Strathclyde
Bio: Howard N.E. Stevens is an academic researcher from Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences. The author has contributed to research in topics: Progabide & Gastric emptying. The author has an hindex of 27, co-authored 53 publications receiving 3595 citations. Previous affiliations of Howard N.E. Stevens include Glasgow Royal Infirmary & University of Strathclyde.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: The requirement for formulations with improved properties for effective and accurate delivery of the required therapeutic agents and general formulation approaches towards achieving optimum physical properties and controlled delivery characteristics for an active wound healing dosage form are considered.
2,302 citations
TL;DR: Variable instability of the drug in the distal intestine is suggested as a possible reason for the lack of absorption of thedrug in the majority of subjects.
Abstract: Captopril has been administered to eight healthy male subjects by means of a pulsatile delivery system that was designed to release the drug in the colonic region of the intestine. The gastrointestinal transit and pulsatile release were followed using gamma scintigraphy. A pulsatile capsule system with release after a nominal 5-hr period was found to perform reproducibly in vitro and in vivo. In six of the eight subjects, the drug was delivered to the colon, and in the remaining two subjects, to the terminal ileum. Measurable blood levels of free captopril were found in three subjects. Variable instability of the drug in the distal intestine is suggested as a possible reason for the lack of absorption of the drug in the majority of subjects.
113 citations
TL;DR: The results showed the potential of employing the freeze-dried wafers and solvent evaporated films in diverse mucosal applications due to their ease of hydration and based on different physical mechanical properties exhibited by both type of formulations.
111 citations
TL;DR: It would seem that a combination of faster disintegration and gastric emptying of the new tablets is responsible for the faster rate of absorption of paracetamol from PA compared to P observed in both this study and in previous studies.
Abstract: Purpose. To investigate the hypothesis that faster drug absorption from a new paracetamol formulation containing sodium bicarbonate compared to that from a conventional formulation results from a combination of enhanced gastric emptying and disintegration/dissolution.
97 citations
TL;DR: Glycerol significantly affected the toughness (increased) and rigidity (decreased) of CMC films, and vortex hydration with heating was the method of choice for preparing gels of SA and CMC, and cold hydration for xanthan gels.
Abstract: Solvent-cast films from three polymers, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), sodium alginate (SA), and xanthan gum, were prepared by drying the polymeric gels in air. Three methods, (a) passive hydration, (b) vortex hydration with heating, and (c) cold hydration, were investigated to determine the most effective means of preparing gels for each of the three polymers. Different drying conditions [relative humidity - RH (6-52%) and temperature (3-45 degrees C)] were investigated to determine the effect of drying rate on the films prepared by drying the polymeric gels. The tensile properties of the CMC films were determined by stretching dumbbell-shaped films to breaking point, using a Texture Analyser. Glycerol was used as a plasticizer, and its effects on the drying rate, physical appearance, and tensile properties of the resulting films were investigated. Vortex hydration with heating was the method of choice for preparing gels of SA and CMC, and cold hydration for xanthan gels. Drying rates increased with low glycerol content, high temperature, and low relative humidity. The residual water content of the films increased with increasing glycerol content and high relative humidity and decreased at higher temperatures. Generally, temperature affected the drying rate to a greater extent than relative humidity. Glycerol significantly affected the toughness (increased) and rigidity (decreased) of CMC films. CMC films prepared at 45 degrees C and 6% RH produced suitable films at the fastest rate while films containing equal quantities of glycerol and CMC possessed an ideal balance between flexibility and rigidity.
92 citations
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TL;DR: This review will provide a comprehensive overview of general properties of alginate and its hydrogels, their biomedical applications, and suggest new perspectives for future studies with these polymers.
5,372 citations
TL;DR: The requirement for formulations with improved properties for effective and accurate delivery of the required therapeutic agents and general formulation approaches towards achieving optimum physical properties and controlled delivery characteristics for an active wound healing dosage form are considered.
2,302 citations
TL;DR: Progress towards controlled synthesis of alginate derivatives, and the properties and applications of these derivatives are reviewed.
1,182 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the past and current efforts with a brief description on the featured properties of hydrogel membranes fabricated from biopolymers and synthetic ones for wound dressing applications.
1,059 citations
TL;DR: The history of dressings from its earliest inception to the current status is traced and the advantage and limitations of the dressing materials are discussed.
Abstract: Wound healing is a dynamic and complex process which requires suitable environment to promote healing process. With the advancement in technology, more than 3000 products have been developed to treat different types of wounds by targeting various aspects of healing process. The present review traces the history of dressings from its earliest inception to the current status and also discusses the advantage and limitations of the dressing materials.
883 citations