http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/90085/1/126.pdf

Aerobic granular sludge: Recent advances

Optimization of production medium is required to maximize the metabolite yield. This can be achieved by using a wide range of techniques from classical "one-factor-at-a-time" to modern statistical and mathematical techniques, viz. artificial neural network (ANN), genetic algorithm (GA) etc. Every technique comes with its own advantages and disadvantages, and despite drawbacks some techniques are applied to obtain best results. Use of various optimization techniques in combination also provides the desirable results. In this article an attempt has been made to review the currently used media optimization techniques applied during fermentation process of metabolite production. Comparative analysis of the merits and demerits of various conventional as well as modern optimization techniques have been done and logical selection basis for the designing of fermentation medium has been given in the present review. Overall, this review will provide the rationale for the selection of suitable optimization technique for media designing employed during the fermentation process of metabolite production.

/pdf/strategies-for-fermentation-medium-optimization-an-in-depth-5fywbf4a2b.pdf

Strategies for Fermentation Medium Optimization: An In-Depth Review.

Aerobic granular sludge can be classified as a type of self-immobilized microbial consortium, consisting mainly of aerobic and facultative bacteria and is distinct from anaerobic granular methanogenic sludge. Aerobic granular technology has been proposed as a promising technology for wastewater treatment, but is not yet established as a large-scale application. Aerobic granules have been cultured mainly in sequenced batch reactors (SBR) under hydraulic selection pressure. The factors influencing aerobic granulation, granulation mechanisms, microbial communities and the potential applications for the treatment of various wastewaters have been studied comprehensively on the laboratory-scale. Aerobic granular sludge has shown a potential for nitrogen removal, but is less competitive for the high strength organic wastewater treatments. This technology has been developed from the laboratory-scale to pilot scale applications, but with limited and unpublished full-scale applications for municipal wastewater treatment. The future needs and limitations for aerobic granular technology are discussed.

Aerobic granular sludge: characterization, mechanism of granulation and application to wastewater treatment

http://en.jaas.ac.cn/upload/20140104/ylz009.pdf

Mechanisms of removing pollutants from aqueous solutions by microorganisms and their aggregates: A review

Biodegradation of high phenol concentration by activated sludge in an immersed membrane bioreactor

The biodegradation of phenol at high initial concentration by the yeast Candida tropicalis

Phenol biodegradation by the yeast Candida tropicalis in the presence of m-cresol

Using genetic algorithms coupling neural networks in a study of xylitol production: medium optimisation

Optimization of process parameters for key enzymes accumulation of 1,3-propanediol production from Klebsiella pneumoniae

The flow in a gas-liquid-solid circulating fluidized bed is self-organised and manifests itself with clustering of particles and bubbles. The clustering behaviour in the fluidized bed at low solid holdups of resin particles was experimentally investigated with a high-speed image measurement and treatment technique of complementary metal oxide semiconductor to enhance the fundamental understanding on such a flow. Several new physical quantities were suggested to characterise such ordered flow structures. The main findings are as follows. The clusters of solid particles largely exist as doublets and triplets, the mixed groups of particles and bubbles mostly exist as one bubble carrying two to four particles. Increasing superficial liquid velocity, particle diameter or density weakens the aggregation degrees of both particle and mixed clusters in the riser and downer, except that the increase of superficial liquid velocity enhances the mixed clustering behaviour in the riser. The climbing of the auxiliary liquid velocity or liquid phase viscosity intensifies the aggregation behaviour, except that the increase of liquid phase viscosity reduces the mixed clustering degree in the riser. The influences of superficial gas velocity and surface tension of liquid phase on the clustering behaviour seem to be a little complex and the trends are not simply increasing or decreasing. The life cycle of solid particle clusters in the GLS riser is not sensitive to the operation conditions, being around 0.07 s. The mixed clusters' life cycle is more sensitive to the conditions and physical properties of phases, changing from 0.02 to 0.07 s.

Hu Zongding

Papers

The biodegradation of phenol at high initial concentration by the yeast Candida tropicalis

Phenol biodegradation by the yeast Candida tropicalis in the presence of m-cresol

Using genetic algorithms coupling neural networks in a study of xylitol production: medium optimisation

Optimization of process parameters for key enzymes accumulation of 1,3-propanediol production from Klebsiella pneumoniae

Clustering behaviour in gas–liquid–solid circulating fluidized beds with low solid holdups of resin particles