Huaicong Kong

Bio: Huaicong Kong is an academic researcher from Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications. The author has contributed to research in topics: Fading & Computer science. The author has an hindex of 2, co-authored 11 publications receiving 33 citations.

Multiuser Scheduling for Asymmetric FSO/RF Links in Satellite-UAV-Terrestrial Networks

Abstract: This letter investigates the multiuser downlink transmission performance of an asymmetric free space optical (FSO)/radio frequency (RF) link. Here, the satellite delivers signal to the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) through a FSO link subject to Gamma-Gamma distributed turbulence, while the UAV forwards the decoded signal to multiple users through RF links characterzied by the correlated Rayleigh fading channel. By adopting that the selective decode-and-forward (DF) protocol at the UAV, we derive a closed-form expression for ergodic capacity (EC) of the considered system, where the RF link exploits transmit beamforming (BF) based on statistical channel state information (CSI) to obtain better performance than single antenna scenarios in existing works. Then, with the help of the derived EC and the available statistical CSI, a novel proportional fair scheduling (PFS) scheme is proposed. Finally, numerical results are conducted to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis and the superiority of the proposed scheduling scheme.

Outage Performance for Multiuser Threshold-Based DF Satellite Relaying

Abstract: Satellite communication plays an important role in future seamless wireless network. In this paper, we investigate the system outage performance of a multiuser threshold-based decode-and-forward (DF) satellite relaying network, where the satellite employing spot beam technology is used as an aerial relay to assist the signal transmission between the terrestrial equipments with multi-antenna. Assuming that maximum ratio transmission (MRT) and maximum ratio combining (MRC) are utilized to achieve the optimal performance, we first obtain the equivalent output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) expression of the considered system, where frequency division multiplexing access (FDMA) scheme is exploited in the uplink. Then, we derive the closed-form system outage probability (SOP) expression for the considered system, where both uplink and downlink are subject to shadowed-Rician (SR) fading with path loss and antenna gain being considered. The main advantage of our theoretical formula is that it can be used in the case of integer and rational Nakagami-m fading parameters. Furthermore, asymptotic SOP formula at high SNR is also presented to show the diversity order and coding gain of the considered system. Finally, simulation results are provided to verify the correctness of the exact and asymptotic SOP expressions and reveal the effects of representative parameters on the system outage performance of the satellite relaying system with threshold-based DF protocol.

Performance Analysis for Rate Splitting Uplink NOMA Transmission in High Throughput Satellite Systems

Abstract: This letter investigates the return link performance of a high throughput satellite system, where the feeder link uses free-space optical technology while the user link employs radio frequency transmission. Based on the statistical channel state information, we first propose a scheme for combining rate splitting uplink non-orthogonal multiple access with beamforming in the user link to improve the spectral efficiency. Then, by assuming that the user link undergoes the shadowed-Rician fading while the feeder link experiences Málaga turbulence fading with nonzero-boresight pointing error, we derive a closed-form average throughput expression of the system with the proposed scheme. Finally, simulation results are provided to demonstrate the correctness of our theoretical analysis and the superiority of our proposed scheme to some previous works.

Beamforming Design and Performance Analysis for Satellite and UAV Integrated Networks in IoRT Applications

Abstract: Satellite and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) integrated networks (SUINs) are considered as a promising method to offer various Internet of Remote Things (IoRT) applications. In this article, we investigate the downlink transmission of SUINs where the satellite-to-UAV link uses the free-space optical (FSO) technology with an equal gain combining (EGC) scheme while the links from UAV to IoRT devices exploit radio frequency (RF) with the space-division multiple access (SDMA) technique. Specifically, considering that only statistical channel state information (CSI) is available, we first formulate an optimization problem to maximize the ergodic sum rate (ESR) of the system, which is constrained by the total transmit power budget and IoRT devices’ rate requirements. Then, a beamforming (BF) scheme based on the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is proposed to solve the nonconvex problem. Furthermore, a zero-forcing (ZF)-based suboptimal approach is also presented to reduce the implementation complexity. Finally, by assuming that the FSO link and RF links are subject to Gamma–Gamma fading and Nakagami- $m$ fading, respectively, we derive closed-form ESR expressions for the considered network with the proposed BF schemes. Simulation results are provided to confirm the accuracy of the theoretical analysis. Moreover, it is revealed that our proposed EGC scheme for FSO communication and BF schemes for RF transmission can both achieve better performance than the existing works.

Table Of Integrals Series And Products

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UAV Communications for 5G and Beyond: Recent Advances and Future Trends

Abstract: Providing ubiquitous connectivity to diverse device types is the key challenge for 5G and beyond 5G (B5G). Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are expected to be an important component of the upcoming wireless networks that can potentially facilitate wireless broadcast and support high rate transmissions. Compared to the communications with fixed infrastructure, UAV has salient attributes, such as flexible deployment, strong line-of-sight (LoS) connection links, and additional design degrees of freedom with the controlled mobility. In this paper, a comprehensive survey on UAV communication towards 5G/B5G wireless networks is presented. We first briefly introduce essential background and the space-air-ground integrated networks, as well as discuss related research challenges faced by the emerging integrated network architecture. We then provide an exhaustive review of various 5G techniques based on UAV platforms, which we categorize by different domains including physical layer, network layer, and joint communication, computing and caching. In addition, a great number of open research problems are outlined and identified as possible future research directions.

Precoding in Multibeam Satellite Communications: Present and Future Challenges

Abstract: Whenever multibeam satellite systems target very aggressive frequency reuse in their coverage area, inter-beam interference becomes the major obstacle for increasing the overall system throughput. As a matter of fact, users located at the beam edges suffer from a very large interference for even a moderately aggressive planning of reuse-2. Although solutions for inter-beam interference management have been investigated at the satellite terminal, it turns out that the performance improvement does not justify the increased terminal complexity and cost. In this article, we pay attention to interference mitigation techniques that take place at the transmitter (i.e. the gateway). Based on this understanding, we provide our vision on advanced precoding techniques and user clustering methods for multibeam broadband fixed satellite communications. We also discuss practical challenges to deploy precoding schemes and the support introduced in the recently published DVB-S2X standard. Future challenges for novel configurations employing precoding are also provided.

Performance Analysis of Hybrid Satellite-Terrestrial Cooperative Networks With Relay Selection

Abstract: This paper conducts the performance analysis of a hybrid satellite-terrestrial cooperative network (HSTCN) having multi-antenna terrestrial relays. By assuming the availability of the direct link between the satellite and the destination, and considering the effects of hardware impairments (HIs) and interference on both relays and destination, we first propose a relay selection scheme to enhance the quality of the downlink transmission of the considered HSTCN. Then, we derive analytical expressions for the outage probability (OP) and throughput of the system using the proposed relay selection scheme. Furthermore, the asymptotic behavior of the HSTCN at high signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) is also investigated to reveal the diversity order and array gain of the system. Finally, computer simulation results are provided to show the effectiveness of the relay selection scheme. The analysis shows that the system performance is significantly affected by the HIs and interference.

Uplink Massive Access in Mixed RF/FSO Satellite-Aerial-Terrestrial Networks

Abstract: This paper investigates the massive access for a satellite-aerial-terrestrial network (SATN), where a high-altitude platform (HAP) is deployed as a relay to assist the uplink transmission from terrestrial user equipment (UE) to satellite. Unlike previous works, we adopt radio frequency (RF) and free space optical for the aerial-terrestrial and satellite-aerial links, respectively. Specifically, by assuming that imperfect angular information (IAI) of each UE is known at the HAP, we develop a space division multiple access (SDMA) scheme to maximize the ergodic sum rate (ESR). To this end, we first exploit the IAI to calculate the analytical expression of channel correlation matrix. Then, by considering the limitation of array freedom, we propose a subspace-based UE grouping and scheduling scheme to cluster all UEs into groups. Next, we present a computationally effective beamforming (BF) scheme for each UE at HAP to efficiently implement SDMA in the RF link. Furthermore, a closed-form expression for the ESR of the SATN is derived to validate the proposed BF and SDMA schemes. Finally, simulation results corroborate the derived theoretical formulas and reveal the impacts of array size, angular estimation error, the number of UEs and scheduling threshold on the system performance.