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Showing papers by "Hyun-Chul Kim published in 2017"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the trigger system consists of two levels designed to select events of potential physics interest from a GHz (MHz) interaction rate of proton-proton (heavy ion) collisions.
Abstract: This paper describes the CMS trigger system and its performance during Run 1 of the LHC. The trigger system consists of two levels designed to select events of potential physics interest from a GHz (MHz) interaction rate of proton-proton (heavy ion) collisions. The first level of the trigger is implemented in hardware, and selects events containing detector signals consistent with an electron, photon, muon, tau lepton, jet, or missing transverse energy. A programmable menu of up to 128 object-based algorithms is used to select events for subsequent processing. The trigger thresholds are adjusted to the LHC instantaneous luminosity during data taking in order to restrict the output rate to 100 kHz, the upper limit imposed by the CMS readout electronics. The second level, implemented in software, further refines the purity of the output stream, selecting an average rate of 400 Hz for offline event storage. The objectives, strategy and performance of the trigger system during the LHC Run 1 are described.

532 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Morad Aaboud, Georges Aad1, Brad Abbott2, Jalal Abdallah3  +2845 moreInstitutions (197)
TL;DR: This paper presents a short overview of the changes to the trigger and data acquisition systems during the first long shutdown of the LHC and shows the performance of the trigger system and its components based on the 2015 proton–proton collision data.
Abstract: During 2015 the ATLAS experiment recorded 3.8 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The ATLAS trigger system is a crucial component of the experiment, respons ...

488 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Georges Aad1, Alexander Kupco2, P. Davison3, Samuel Webb4  +2888 moreInstitutions (192)
TL;DR: Topological cell clustering is established as a well-performing calorimeter signal definition for jet and missing transverse momentum reconstruction in ATLAS and is exploited to apply a local energy calibration and corrections depending on the nature of the cluster.
Abstract: The reconstruction of the signal from hadrons and jets emerging from the proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and entering the ATLAS calorimeters is based on a three-dimensional topological clustering of individual calorimeter cell signals. The cluster formation follows cell signal-significance patterns generated by electromagnetic and hadronic showers. In this, the clustering algorithm implicitly performs a topological noise suppression by removing cells with insignificant signals which are not in close proximity to cells with significant signals. The resulting topological cell clusters have shape and location information, which is exploited to apply a local energy calibration and corrections depending on the nature of the cluster. Topological cell clustering is established as a well-performing calorimeter signal definition for jet and missing transverse momentum reconstruction in ATLAS.

438 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Morad Aaboud, Alexander Kupco1, Peter Davison2, Samuel Webb3  +2944 moreInstitutions (220)
TL;DR: In this article, a search for new resonant and non-resonant high-mass phenomena in dielectron and dimuon fi nal states was conducted using 36 : 1 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data.
Abstract: A search is conducted for new resonant and non-resonant high-mass phenomena in dielectron and dimuon fi nal states. The search uses 36 : 1 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data, collected at root ...

329 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the second-order and third-order azimuthal anisotropy harmonics of unidentified charged particles, as well as v2v2 of View the MathML sourceKS0 and ViewTheMathML sourceΛ/Λ ǫ particles, are extracted from long-range two-particle correlations as functions of particle multiplicity and transverse momentum.

288 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Morad Aaboud, Georges Aad1, Brad Abbott2, Jalal Abdallah3  +2906 moreInstitutions (214)
TL;DR: In this paper, Dijet events are studied in the proton-proton collision dataset recorded at root s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider in 2015 and 2016.
Abstract: Dijet events are studied in the proton-proton collision dataset recorded at root s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider in 2015 and 2016, corresponding to integrated lumino ...

248 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
K. Abe1, J. Amey2, C. Andreopoulos3, C. Andreopoulos4  +343 moreInstitutions (53)
TL;DR: T2K reports its first results in the search for CP violation in neutrino oscillations using appearance and disappearance channels for neutrinos- and antineutrino-mode beams, using Reactor measurements of sin^{2}2θ_{13} as an additional constraint.
Abstract: T2K reports its first results in the search for CP violation in neutrino oscillations using appearance and disappearance channels for neutrino- and antineutrino-mode beam. The data include all runs from Jan 2010 to May 2016 and comprise $7.482\times10^{20}$,protons on target in neutrino mode, which yielded in the far detector 32 e-like and 135 $\mu$-like events, and $7.471\times10^{20}$,protons on target in antineutrino mode which yielded 4 e-like and 66 $\mu$-like events. Reactor measurements of $\sin^{2}2\theta_{13}$ have been used as an additional constraint. The one-dimensional confidence interval at 90% for $\delta_{CP}$ spans the range ($-3.13$, $-0.39$) for normal mass ordering. The CP conservation hypothesis ($\delta_{CP}=0,\pi$) is excluded at 90% C.L.

200 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the unparticle entries in table 3, as well as figure 4 and 5 were labelled with incorrect values of ΛU, and the correct figure is shown below.
Abstract: In the original paper, figure 10 was incorrect. The correct figure is shown below. Additionally, the unparticle entries in table 3, as well as figure 4 and 5 were labelled with incorrect values of ΛU.

173 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a perfluorinated covalent triazine framework (CTF) and its simultaneous chemical impregnation with elemental sulfur via SNAr chemistry are demonstrated.
Abstract: In order to address the challenges associated with lithium–sulfur batteries with high energy densities, various approaches, including advanced designs of sulfur composites, electrolyte engineering, and functional separators, are lately introduced. However, most approaches are effective for sulfur cathodes with limited sulfur contents, i.e., <80 wt%, imposing a significant barrier in realizing high energy densities in practical cell settings. Here, elemental sulfur-mediated synthesis of a perfluorinated covalent triazine framework (CTF) and its simultaneous chemical impregnation with elemental sulfur via SNAr chemistry are demonstrated. SNAr chemistry facilitates the dehalogenation and nucleophilic addition reactions of perfluoroaryl units with nucleophilic sulfur chains, achieving a high sulfur content of 86 wt% in the resulting CTF. The given sulfur-impregnated CTF, named SF-CTF, exhibits a specific capacity of 1138.2 mAh g−1 at 0.05C, initial Coulombic efficiency of 93.1%, and capacity retention of 81.6% after 300 cycles, by utilizing homogeneously distributed sulfur within the micropores and nitrogen atoms of triazine units offering high binding affinity toward lithium polysulfides.

148 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Morad Aaboud, Georges Aad1, Brad Abbott2, Jalal Abdallah3  +2853 moreInstitutions (190)
TL;DR: The track reconstruction efficiency in the cores of jets with transverse momenta between 200 and 1600 GeV is quantified using a novel, data-driven, method and the impact of charged-particle separations and multiplicities on the track reconstruction performance is discussed.
Abstract: With the increase in energy of the Large Hadron Collider to a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV for Run 2, e vents with dense environments, such as in the cores of high-energy jets, became a focus for new physics searches as well as measurements of the Standard Model. These environments are characterized by charged-particle separations of the order of the tracking detectors sensor granularity. Basic track quantities are compared between 3.2 fb - 1 of data collected by the ATLAS experiment and simulation of proton–proton collisions producing high-transverse-momentum jets at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The impact of charged-particle separations and multiplicities on the track reconstruction performance is discussed. The track reconstruction efficiency in the cores of jets with transverse momenta between 200 and 1600 GeV is quantified using a novel, data-driven, method. The method uses the energy loss, dE/dx, to identify pixel clusters originating from two charged particles. Of the charged particles creating these clusters, the measured fraction that fail to be reconstructed is 0.061±0.006(stat.)±0.014(syst.) and 0.093±0.017(stat.)±0.021(syst.) for jet transverse momenta of 200–400 GeV and 1400–1600 GeV , respectively.

135 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The observed differences between the same and opposite sign correlations, as functions of multiplicity and η gap between the two charged particles, are of similar magnitude in p-Pb and PbPb collisions at the same multiplicities.
Abstract: Charge-dependent azimuthal particle correlations with respect to the second-order event plane in pPb and PbPb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV have been studied with the CMS experiment at the LHC. The measurement is performed with a three-particle correlation technique, using two particles with the same or opposite charge within the pseudorapidity range abs(eta)<2.4, and a third particle measured in the hadron forward calorimeters (4.4< abs(eta)<5). The observed differences between the same and opposite sign correlations, as functions of multiplicity and eta gap between the two charged particles, are of similar magnitude in pPb and PbPb collisions at the same multiplicities. These results pose a challenge for the interpretation of charge-dependent azimuthal correlations in heavy ion collisions in terms of the chiral magnetic effect.

Journal ArticleDOI
Albert M. Sirunyan1, Armen Tumasyan1, Wolfgang Adam, Ece Aşılar  +2300 moreInstitutions (195)
TL;DR: In this paper, a search for dark matter particles is performed using events with large missing transverse momentum, at least one energetic jet, and no leptons, in proton-proton collisions at root S = 13TeV collected with the CMS detector at the LHC.
Abstract: A search for dark matter particles is performed using events with large missing transverse momentum, at least one energetic jet, and no leptons, in proton-proton collisions at root S = 13TeV collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 12.9 fb(-1). The search includes events with jets from the hadronic decays of a W or Z boson. The data are found to be in agreement with the predicted background contributions from standard model processes. The results are presented in terms of simpli fi ed models in which dark matter particles are produced through interactions involving a vector, axial-vector, scalar, or pseudoscalar mediator. Vector and axial-vector mediator particles with masses up to 1.95TeV, and scalar and pseudoscalar mediator particles with masses up to 100 and 430 GeV respectively, are excluded at 95% con fi dence level. The results are also interpreted in terms of the invisible decays of the Higgs boson, yielding an observed (expected) 95% con fi dence level upper limit of 0.44 (0.56) on the corresponding branching fraction. The results of this search provide the strongest constraints on the dark matter pair production cross section through vector and axial-vector mediators at a particle collider. When compared to the direct detection experiments, the limits obtained from this search provide stronger constraints for dark matter masses less than 5, 9, and 550 GeV, assuming vector, scalar, and axial-vector mediators, respectively. The search yields stronger constraints for dark matter masses less than 200 GeV, assuming a pseudoscalar mediator, when compared to the indirect detection results from Fermi-LAT.

Journal ArticleDOI
Morad Aaboud, Georges Aad1, Brad Abbott2, Jalal Abdallah3  +2843 moreInstitutions (197)
TL;DR: The algorithm removes calorimeter energy deposits due to charged hadrons from consideration during jet reconstruction, instead using measurements of their momenta from the inner tracker, which improves the accuracy of the charged-hadron measurement, while retaining the calorimeters' measurements of neutral-particle energies.
Abstract: This paper describes the implementation and performance of a particle flow algorithm applied to 20.2 fb(-1) of ATLAS data from 8 TeV proton-proton collisions in Run 1 of the LHC. The algorithm remo ...

Journal ArticleDOI
Morad Aaboud, Georges Aad1, Brad Abbott2, Jalal Abdallah3  +2846 moreInstitutions (198)
TL;DR: Results of a search for physics beyond the Standard Model in events containing an energetic photon and large missing transverse momentum with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider are reported, with model-independent limits set on the fiducial cross section.
Abstract: Results of a search for physics beyond the Standard Model in events containing an energetic photon and large missing transverse momentum with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider are rep ...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Drugs used as fish drugs, such as sulfadiazine, erythromycin, and trimethoprim, were commonly detected in fish farmMedia (seawater, sediment, and cultured fish), which might contaminate fish farm media.

Journal ArticleDOI
Morad Aaboud, Georges Aad1, Brad Abbott2, Ovsat Abdinov3  +2947 moreInstitutions (222)
TL;DR: In this article, a search for the decay of the Standard Model Higgs boson into a b (b) over bar pair when produced in association with a W or Z boson is performed with the ATLAS detector.
Abstract: A search for the decay of the Standard Model Higgs boson into a b (b) over bar pair when produced in association with a W or Z boson is performed with the ATLAS detector. The analysed data, corresp ...

Journal ArticleDOI
Vardan Khachatryan1, Albert M. Sirunyan1, Armen Tumasyan1, Wolfgang Adam  +2274 moreInstitutions (154)
TL;DR: In this article, the production yields of quarkonium states are measured through their decays into muon pairs in the CMS detector, in PbPb and pp collisions at the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of 2.76 TeV.

Journal ArticleDOI
Morad Aaboud, Georges Aad1, Brad Abbott2, Jalal Abdallah3  +2854 moreInstitutions (191)
TL;DR: In this article, a sample of proton-proton collisions at 8$ TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 11.4 fb$^{-1}$ collected in 2012 with the ATLAS detector at the LHC.
Abstract: The production of two prompt $J/\psi$ mesons, each with transverse momenta $p_{\mathrm{T}}>8.5$ GeV and rapidity $|y| < 2.1$, is studied using a sample of proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 11.4 fb$^{-1}$ collected in 2012 with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The differential cross-section, assuming unpolarised $J/\psi$ production, is measured as a function of the transverse momentum of the lower-$p_{\mathrm{T}}$ $J/\psi$ meson, di-$J/\psi$ $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ and mass, the difference in rapidity between the two $J/\psi$ mesons, and the azimuthal angle between the two $J/\psi$ mesons. The fraction of prompt pair events due to double parton scattering is determined by studying kinematic correlations between the two $J/\psi$ mesons. The total and double parton scattering cross-sections are compared with predictions. The effective cross-section of double parton scattering is measured to be $\sigma_{\mathrm{eff}} = 6.3 \pm 1.6 \mathrm{(stat)} \pm 1.0 \mathrm{(syst)} \pm 0.1 \mathrm{(BF)} \pm 0.1 \mathrm{(lumi)}$ mb.

Journal ArticleDOI
Vardan Khachatryan1, Albert M. Sirunyan1, Armen Tumasyan1, Wolfgang Adam  +2308 moreInstitutions (190)
TL;DR: In this paper, a measurement of the double-differential inclusive jet cross section as a function of the jet transverse momentum pT and the absolute jet rapidity abs(y) is presented.
Abstract: A measurement of the double-differential inclusive jet cross section as a function of the jet transverse momentum pT and the absolute jet rapidity abs(y) is presented. Data from LHC proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 inverse-femtobarns, have been collected with the CMS detector. Jets are reconstructed using the anti-kT clustering algorithm with a size parameter of 0.7 in a phase space region covering jet pT from 74 GeV up to 2.5 TeV and jet absolute rapidity up to abs(y) = 3.0. The low-pT jet range between 21 and 74 GeV is also studied up to abs(y) = 4.7, using a dedicated data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.6 inverse-picobarns. The measured jet cross section is corrected for detector effects and compared with the predictions from perturbative QCD at next-to-leading order (NLO) using various sets of parton distribution functions (PDF). Cross section ratios to the corresponding measurements performed at 2.76 and 7 TeV are presented. From the measured double-differential jet cross section, the value of the strong coupling constant evaluated at the Z mass is alpha[S](M[Z]) = 0.1164 +0.0060 -0.0043, where the errors include the PDF, scale, nonperturbative effects and experimental uncertainties, using the CT10 NLO PDFs. Improved constraints on PDFs based on the inclusive jet cross section measurement are presented.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reconstruct the jet spectra from PbPb and PbNb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 2.76TeV, collected with the CMS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider.
Abstract: Inclusive jet spectra from pp and PbPb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 2.76TeV, collected with the CMS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider, are presented. Jets are reconstructed with three different distance parameters (R=0.2, 0.3, and 0.4) for transverse momentum (pT) greater than 70GeV/c and pseudorapidity |η|<2. Next-to-leading-order quantum chromodynamic calculations with nonperturbative corrections are found to overpredict jet production cross sections in pp for small distance parameters. The jet nuclear modification factors for PbPb compared to pp collisions, show a steady decrease from peripheral to central events, along with a weak dependence on the jet pT. They are found to be independent of the distance parameter in the measured kinematic range.

Journal ArticleDOI
J. Abadie1, B. P. Abbott1, Richard J. Abbott1, T. D. Abbott2  +876 moreInstitutions (88)
TL;DR: In this paper, an all-sky search for periodic gravitational waves in the frequency band 20−475 Hz and with a frequency time derivative in the range of [−1.0,+0.1]×10−8
Abstract: We report on an all-sky search for periodic gravitational waves in the frequency band 20–475 Hz and with a frequency time derivative in the range of [−1.0,+0.1]×10−8 Hz/s. Such a signal could be produced by a nearby spinning and slightly nonaxisymmetric isolated neutron star in our galaxy. This search uses the data from Advanced LIGO’s first observational run, O1. No periodic gravitational wave signals were observed, and upper limits were placed on their strengths. The lowest upper limits on worst-case (linearly polarized) strain amplitude h0 are ∼4×10−25 near 170 Hz. For a circularly polarized source (most favorable orientation), the smallest upper limits obtained are ∼1.5×10−25. These upper limits refer to all sky locations and the entire range of frequency derivative values. For a population-averaged ensemble of sky locations and stellar orientations, the lowest upper limits obtained for the strain amplitude are ∼2.5×10−25.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Brominated flame retardants, including polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), and hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs), were investigated in bivalve, sediment, and seawater samples collected from aquaculture areas in South Korea to identify their occurrence, sources, and bioaccumulation.

Journal ArticleDOI
Vardan Khachatryan1, Albert M. Sirunyan1, Armen Tumasyan1, Wolfgang Adam  +2357 moreInstitutions (187)
TL;DR: In this article, the transverse momentum spectra of weak vector bosons were measured in the CMS experiment at the LHC using a sample of proton-proton collisions at 8 TeV, collected during a special low-luminosity running that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 18.4 inversepicobarns.
Abstract: The transverse momentum spectra of weak vector bosons are measured in the CMS experiment at the LHC. The measurement uses a sample of proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV, collected during a special low-luminosity running that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 18.4 inverse-picobarns. The production of W bosons is studied in both electron and muon decay modes, while the production of Z bosons is studied using only the dimuon decay channel. The ratios of W- to W+ and Z to W differential cross sections are also measured. The measured differential cross sections and ratios are compared with theoretical predictions up to next-to-next leading order in QCD.

Journal ArticleDOI
Albert M. Sirunyan1, Armen Tumasyan1, Wolfgang Adam, Federico Ambrogi  +2290 moreInstitutions (194)
TL;DR: In this article, a search for direct production of top squark pairs in events with jets and large transverse momentum imbalance is presented, based on proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected with the CMS detector in 2016 at the CERN LHC.
Abstract: A search for direct production of top squark pairs in events with jets and large transverse momentum imbalance is presented. The data are based on proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected with the CMS detector in 2016 at the CERN LHC, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The search considers a variety of R-parity conserving supersymmetric models, including ones for which the top squark and neutralino masses are nearly degenerate. Specialized jet reconstruction tools are developed to exploit the unique characteristics of the signal topologies. With no significant excess of events observed above the standard model expectations, upper limits are set on the direct top squark pair production cross section in the context of simplified supersymmetric models for various decay hypotheses. Models with larger differences in mass between the top squark and neutralino are probed for masses up to 1040 and 500 GeV, respectively, whereas models with a more compressed mass hierarchy are probed up to 660 and 610 GeV, respectively. The smallest mass difference probed is for masses near to 550 and 540 GeV, respectively.

Journal ArticleDOI
Albert M. Sirunyan1, Armen Tumasyan1, Wolfgang Adam, Ece Aşılar  +2247 moreInstitutions (155)
TL;DR: In this paper, the cross section for the production of single top quarks in the t channel is measured in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an inclusive search is presented for new heavy particle pairs produced in √s=7 TeV proton-proton collisions at the LHC using 4.7±0.1
Abstract: An inclusive search is presented for new heavy particle pairs produced in √s=7 TeV proton-proton collisions at the LHC using 4.7±0.1 fb-1 of integrated luminosity. The selected events are analyzed in the 2D razor space of MR, an event-by-event indicator of the heavy particle mass scale, and R, a dimensionless variable related to the missing transverse energy. The third-generation sector is probed using the event heavy-flavor content. The search is sensitive to generic supersymmetry models with minimal assumptions about the superpartner decay chains. No excess is observed in the number of events beyond that predicted by the standard model. Exclusion limits are derived in the CMSSM framework as well as for simplified models. Within the CMSSM parameter space considered, gluino masses up to 800 GeV and squark masses up to 1.35 TeV are excluded at 95% confidence level depending on the model parameters. The direct production of pairs of top or bottom squarks is excluded for masses as high as 400 GeV.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The spontaneous formation of composite chalcogenide materials that consist of two-dimensional materials dispersed in bulk and their unusual charge transport properties for application in hydrogen evolution reactions (HERs) are described.
Abstract: We describe the spontaneous formation of composite chalcogenide materials that consist of two-dimensional (2D) materials dispersed in bulk and their unusual charge transport properties for application in hydrogen evolution reactions (HERs). When MoS2 as a representative 2D material is deposited on transition metals (such as Cu) in a controlled manner, the sulfidation reactions also occur with the metal. This process results in remarkably unique structures, that is, bulk layered heterojunctions (BLHJs) of Cu-Mo-S that contain MoS2 flakes inside, which are uniformly dispersed in the Cu2S matrix. The resulting structures were expected to induce asymmetric charge transfer via layered frameworks and tested as electrocatalysts for HERs. Upon suitable thermal treatments, the BLHJ surfaces exhibited the efficient HER performance of approximately 10 mA/cm2 at a potential of -0.1 V versus a reversible hydrogen electrode. The Tafel slope was approximately 30 to 40 mV per decade. The present strategy was further generalized by demonstrating the formation of BLHJs on other transition metals, such as Ni. The resulting BLHJs of Ni-Mo-S also showed the remarkable HER performance and the stable operation over 10 days without using Pt counter electrodes by eliminating any possible issues on the Pt contamination.

Journal ArticleDOI
T. Aaltonen1, B. Alvarez Gonzálezv2, S. Amerio, D. Amidei3  +502 moreInstitutions (58)
TL;DR: In this paper, a fit to the J/ψϕ mass spectrum was performed assuming the presence of a Breit-Wigner resonance, yielding a signal of 19 ± 6 (stat) ± 3 (syst) resonance events, and resonance mass and width of 4143.4−3.0+2.9(stat)± 0.4
Abstract: The observation of the Y (4140) structure in B±→ J/ψϕK± decays produced in pp collisions at s = 1.96 TeV is reported with a statistical significance greater than 5 standard deviations. A fit to the J/ψϕ mass spectrum is performed assuming the presence of a Breit–Wigner resonance. The fit yields a signal of 19 ± 6(stat) ± 3(syst) resonance events, and resonance mass and width of 4143.4−3.0+2.9(stat) ± 0.6(syst)MeV/c2 and 15.3−6.1+10.4(stat) ± 2.5(syst)MeV/c2, respectively. The parameters of this resonance-like structure are consistent with values reported from an earlier CDF analysis.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors demonstrate that transition metal monoxides that do not contain lithium-conducting paths in their crystal structure can be converted into high-capacity positive electrodes in the electrochemical cell by decorating the monoxide surface with nanosized lithium fluoride.
Abstract: Lithium-ion batteries based on intercalation compounds have dominated the advanced portable energy storage market. The positive electrode materials in these batteries belong to a material group of lithium-conducting crystals that contain redox-active transition metal and lithium. Materials without lithium-conducting paths or lithium-free compounds could be rarely used as positive electrodes due to the incapability of reversible lithium intercalation or the necessity of using metallic lithium as negative electrodes. These constraints have significantly limited the choice of materials and retarded the development of new positive electrodes in lithium-ion batteries. Here, we demonstrate that lithium-free transition metal monoxides that do not contain lithium-conducting paths in their crystal structure can be converted into high-capacity positive electrodes in the electrochemical cell by initially decorating the monoxide surface with nanosized lithium fluoride. This unusual electrochemical behaviour is attributed to a surface conversion reaction mechanism in contrast with the classic lithium intercalation reaction. Our findings will offer a potential new path in the design of positive electrode materials in lithium-ion batteries. Positive electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries feature lithium element and lithium-ion conduction paths. Here the authors report transition metal monoxides that contain neither the intrinsic lithium nor conduction channels for high-capacity positive electrode materials.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Two matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry systems determined the accuracy of species identification, relative prevalence of three Elizabethkingia spp.
Abstract: Some of the previously reported clinical isolates of Elizabethkingia meningoseptica may be later named species of Elizabethkingia We determined the accuracy of species identification (with two matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry [MALDI-TOF MS] systems and the Vitek 2 GN card), relative prevalence of three Elizabethkingia spp. in clinical specimens, and antimicrobial susceptibility of the species identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Specimens for culture were collected from patients in a university hospital in Seoul, South Korea, between 2009 and 2015. All 3 Elizabethkingia spp. were detected in patients; among the 86 isolates identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, 17 (19.8%) were E. meningoseptica, 18 (20.9%) were Elizabethkingia miricola, and 51 (59.3%) were Elizabethkingia anophelis Only the MALDI-TOF Vitek MS system with an amended database correctly identified all of the isolates. The majority (76.7%) of the isolates were from the lower respiratory tract, and 8 (9.3%) were from blood. Over 90% of E. meningoseptica and E. anophelis isolates were susceptible to piperacillin-tazobactam and rifampin. In contrast, all E. miricola isolates were susceptible to fluoroquinolones except ciprofloxacin. Further studies are urgently needed to determine the optimal antimicrobial agents for the treatment of infections due to each individual Elizabethkingia species.