I Cvetkova

Bio: I Cvetkova is an academic researcher from Baltic International Academy. The author has contributed to research in topics: Electronic money & Currency. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 11 citations.

Cryptocurrencies legal regulation

Abstract: This article evaluates the legal framework of cryptocurrency in various countries. The new currency instrument is abstract currencies. They are currencies in the sense that they can be exchanged peer-to-peer. They are representations of numbers, i.e. abstract objects. An abstract currency system is a self-enforcing system of property rights over an abstract instrument which gives its owners the freedom to use and the right to exclude others from using the instrument. Cryptocurrency or virtual currency is a cryptographically protected, decentralized digital currency used as a means of exchange. Due to the development of new technologies and innovations, the rate of use of virtual currency is rapidly increasing throughout the globe, replacing not only cash payments and payments by bank transfer, but also electronic cash payments. Among the best-known representatives of cryptocurrencies are Bitcoin, Litecoin and Ethereum. Legal scholars have not yet reached a consensus regarding the nature and legal status of virtual currency. Virtual currency possesses the nature of obligations righ ts as well as property rights, since it may be both a means of payment and a commodity. Depending on the country, the approach to cryptocurrencies may be different. Today there is already an international cryptocurrency community that does not have a single coordinating center. Only progressive jurisdiction and state regulation of cryptocurrency activity will allow the creation of the conditions that will ensure the implementation of legitimate and safe cryptocurrency relations.

Homeless Animals in Togliatti: Social Problem and Solutions

Abstract: The problem of stray animals is caused by violation of safety standards and is an extremely relevant issue on the public agenda. In scientific publications, this issue is usually connected with post-materialistic values. It involves the humanist values and the principles of biocentrism, which apply ethical and legal norms to animals. The research objective was to study the issue of homeless animals as a social problem, as well as various solution methods. The research was based on Russian and foreign social studies that discuss the problem of homeless animals. The analysis shows that the problem of stray animals and ways to solve it are reflected in conflicts between moral and legal norms. The empirical part of the research included an Internet survey conducted in Togliatti in 2019 and the method of unstructured observation. Representatives of different gender and age groups proved to have different views on the problem and its solutions. The survey participants did not favor preventive measures and proposed to create long-term charity-funded shelters.

Cryptocurrency regulation in the BriCs Countries and the eurasian economic union

Abstract: This article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the legislative approaches to the regulation of cryptocurrencies in the BRICS countries and the Eurasian Economic Union. During the analysis, regulatory legal acts and draft laws, including material on judicial practice, of the Russian Federation, China, India, Brazil, the Republic of South Africa, the Republic of Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Armenia were studied. The use of a comparative-legal method makes it possible to develop recommendations about the development of legislation on the circulation of cryptocurrencies within the BRICS countries. The assessment of the experience of EEU countries, and especially that of the Republic of Belarus, has great importance since the Russian Federation is a member country of both the EEU and BRICS. Comparative analysis was achieved by taking into account such key points as the existence of a regulatory framework, regulation of transaction taxation and counteracting the legalization of profits from crime. The results of the analysis are presented for each country separately and then systematized in the form of an analytical table. Based on the analysis, three approaches to the regulation of cryptocurrencies are identified: conservative, liberal and neutral. The study of the experiences of the BRICS and EEU countries allowed the authors to conclude that these countries need to formulate similar requirements for the regulation of cryptocurrencies so as to avoid the migration of investment and capital to other countries which have a more liberal approach.

Machine Learning-Based Analysis of Cryptocurrency Market Financial Risk Management

Abstract: Cryptocurrency is one of the famous financial state in all over the world which cause several type of risks that effect on the intrinsic assessment of risk auditors. From the beginning the growth of cryptocurrency gives the financial business with the wide risk in term of presentation of money laundering. In the institution of financial supports such as anti-money laundering, banks and secrecy of banks proceed as a specialist of risk, manager of bank and officer of compliance which has a provocation for the related transaction through cryptocurrency and the users who hide the illegal funds.In this study, the Hierarchical Risk Parity and unsupervised machine learning applied on the cryptocurrency framework. The process of professional accounting in term of inherent risk connected with cryptocurrency regarding the occurrence likelihood and statement of financial impact. Determining cryptocurrency risks comprehended to have a high rate of occurrence likelihood and the access of private key which is unauthorized. The professional cryptocurrency experience in transaction cause the lower risk comparing the less experienced one. The Hierarchical Risk Parity gives the better output in term of returning the adjusted risk tail to get the better risk management result.The result section shows the proposed model is robust to various intervals which are re-balanced and the co-variance window estimation.

International Models of Legal Regulation and Ethics of Cryptocurrency Use: Country Review

Abstract: The article considers the complex issue of the existence of national cryptocurrency markets and their legal regulation and ethics of use. The article provides an analytical review of leading models of legal regulation of cryptocurrency circulation in different countries of the world. The study was carried out in the methodological field: the development of the national cryptocurrency market, the legal interpretation of the cryptocurrency, the legal basis of circulation, ethics and the cryptocurrency exchange platforms, the directions of development of the national model of legal regulation and support.

Research contributions and challenges in DLT-based cryptocurrency regulation: a systematic mapping study

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to identify research that has been carried out about cryptocurrency regulation contributions and the current challenges that need to be addressed in future studies. The methodology used to conduct this research and report the findings was systematic mapping. We use this methodology to search, identify, and select all relevant primary studies on cryptocurrency regulation. The findings reveal that the key cryptocurrency regulation research topics are distributed governance, central bank digital currency, monetary policy, cryptocurrency adoption, security, regulation, cryptocurrency market, cybercrime economy and money laundering. The research proposals for cryptocurrency regulation comprise tools, protocols, methods, models, frameworks and, knowledge. The cryptocurrency regulatory challenges are cryptocurrency adoption, central bank digital currency regulation, accounting for cryptocurrencies and risk for cryptocurrencies. This systematic mapping provides an overview of the solutions proposed to regulate cryptocurrency as well as the current research challenges.

Machine Learning-Based Analysis of Cryptocurrency Market Financial Risk Management

Abstract: Cryptocurrency is one of the famous financial state in all over the world which cause several type of risks that effect on the intrinsic assessment of risk auditors. From the beginning the growth of cryptocurrency gives the financial business with the wide risk in term of presentation of money laundering. In the institution of financial supports such as anti-money laundering, banks and secrecy of banks proceed as a specialist of risk, manager of bank and officer of compliance which has a provocation for the related transaction through cryptocurrency and the users who hide the illegal funds.In this study, the Hierarchical Risk Parity and unsupervised machine learning applied on the cryptocurrency framework. The process of professional accounting in term of inherent risk connected with cryptocurrency regarding the occurrence likelihood and statement of financial impact. Determining cryptocurrency risks comprehended to have a high rate of occurrence likelihood and the access of private key which is unauthorized. The professional cryptocurrency experience in transaction cause the lower risk comparing the less experienced one. The Hierarchical Risk Parity gives the better output in term of returning the adjusted risk tail to get the better risk management result.The result section shows the proposed model is robust to various intervals which are re-balanced and the co-variance window estimation.