Effect of day and night temperature on internode and stem length in chrysanthemum: is everything explained by DIF?

SummaryThe response of glasshouse grown tomatoes, cv. Counter, to day/night temperature regimes was examined in two consecutive years. In both years three day/night temperature regimes, with the same average 24-hour temperature, were applied in duplicate, i.e. high/low, equal, and low/high. Differences in temperature were maintained from three days after planting (4 December 1984 and 3 February 1986) until 13 May 1985 and 1 May 1986, respectively. Plant development (increase in number of trusses) was not affected.by the temperature regime. Growth in length of the stem was strongly reduced by a lower day temperature. In the first experiment the crop at the low day temperature treatment was damaged by leaf scorch, most likely caused by low transpiration. Consequently, early yield was lower for this treatment. In the second experiment no leaf scorch occurred and no significant differences in early yield were found. Final yield and average fruit weight, until 1 July for both experiments, were higher at the hi...

The effect of different day/night temperature regimes on growth, development and yield of glasshouse tomatoes

A reanalysis of previously published data describing flowering responses to light integral and temperature in chrysanthemum indicates that, over a wide range of temperatures and light integrals, the rate of progress of flowering increases linearly with increasing light integral and effective temperature. Effective temperature is the sub-optimum temperature equivalent of a supra-optimum temperature in terms of developmental rate. At low light integral the rate of progress to flowering decreases more rapidly with declining light integral. The relationships are contrasted with recently published functional relationships describing flowering in chrysanthemum to light and temperature.

A reanalysis of the effects of temperature and irradiance on time to flowering in chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora)

SummaryThe effects of temperature, especially in the sub-optimal temperature range, on growth and development of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum syn. Chrysanthemum morifolium) are reviewed with special emphasis on cultivar differences. The developmental aspects analysed in this paper are leaf unfolding rate, stem elongation, time to flowering, and the number and sizes of flowers. Growth is studied as biomass production and partitioning to different plant organs. Temperature has a significant effect on development, especially on leaf unfolding rate and time to flowering, both of which show an optimum response to temperature. The optimum for time to flowering is cultivar-dependent and lies between 17o – 22oC. Also, for the other developmental traits, there are clear differences between cultivars in their response to temperature. The effect of temperature on biomass production is less clear. When leaf area index is low, sub-optimal day temperatures decrease biomass production due to the formation of...

The influence of temperature on growth and development of chrysanthemum cultivars : a review

SummaryThe effects of greenhouse climate and plant density on external quality of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum syn. Chrysanthemum morifolium) are reviewed. The external quality aspects analysed in this paper are stem morphology (length, diameter and “strength”), leaf morphology (number and size) and floweringaspects (number, size and position). Increasing assimilate availability level (e.g. higher light intensity, higher CO2 concentration and/or lower plant density) has a positive effect on several external quality aspects of chrysanthemum. It results in longer stems, more lateral branches, a higher number of flowers and increased flower size per plant. Furthermore, both temperature and daily light integral are the main factors that determine stem elongation and time toflowering. Time to flowering is not affected by the CO2level. In general it can be concluded that eachexternal quality character is influenced by several growing conditions interacting with each other. Therefore, the development...

Influence of greenhouse climate and plant density on external quality of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitamura): First steps towards a quality model

I. Lepage

Papers

Effect of day and night temperatures during short photoperiods on growth and flowering of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat