Ida Rumia Manurung

Bio: Ida Rumia Manurung is an academic researcher from Sebelas Maret University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Physics & Chromosome number. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 1 citations.

Morphological characteristics of Phaius spp. orchids from Indonesia

Abstract: Hartati S, Samanhudi, Manurung IR, Cahyono O 2021 Morphological characteristics of Phaius spp orchids from Indonesia Biodiversitas 22: 1991-1995 Orchid is one of the ornamental plants with great economic value in various communities Characterization and grouping of several orchid species can be used in breeding efforts to obtain hybrid with the desired traits This study is aimed to characterize the morphological appearance of Phaius orchids and to cluster the species based on their similarity in morphological characteristics Five species of Phaius (P tankervilleae, P indigoferus, P montanus, P amboinensis, and P callosus) of the collection of the Bogor Botanical Garden were observed based on 30 morphological characters including the characters of stems, pseudobulbs, leaves and flowers The data obtained were converted into binary data and computed using the Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System (NTSYS) Spc 202 program to produce dendrogram The results show that based on the morphological characterization of the five species of Phaius spp, they have similarities from 63% to 80% Among the five Phaius species, P amboinensis, P tankervilleae, and P montanus had 80% similarity and can be used as parents for crossing

The effectiveness of organic fertilizer from natural dyes waste on the growth of Indigofera tinctoria L.

Abstract: Indigofera tinctoria natural dye extraction waste has not been utilized become environmental pollution can encourage climate change. Climate change causes land degradation and decreased crop productivity. Management of the waste into organic fertilizer and used in plant cultivation need to mitigate climate change. This study aimed to examine the role of organic fertilizer from natural dye waste in obtaining the optimum dose in supporting the growth of Indigofera tinctoria. The study used a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with one factor, namely the dose of organic fertilizer from the extraction of Indigofera tinctoria L. with 11 levels (0 g/plant, 50 g/plant, 100 g/plant, 150 g/plant, 200 g/plant, 250 g/plant, 300 g/plant, 350 g/plant, 400 g/plant, 450 g/plant, and 500 g/plant). The results showed that the natural dye extraction waste could be used as organic fertilizer to support the growth of Indigofera tinctoria. Application of organic fertilizer at a dose of 50 g/plant showed an increase in the plant height of 14% and number of leaves by 124%. The dose of organic fertilizer of 350 g/plant is the optimum dose in producing the high number of leaves, leaf area index, and plant biomass.

Chromosome of Phaius tankervilleae and Phaius amboinensis Orchid

Abstract: Phaius tankervilleae and Phaius amboinensis orchids are decorative orchids that have great ornamental value and are classified as endangered plants. Genetic information from the Phaius tankervilleae and Phaius amboinensis orchids will facilitate plant breeding as a basis information to obtain improvements in ornamental plant properties. The purpose of chromosome analysis is to determine the shape, number, and size of chromosomes. The research was conducted at the Cytology Laboratory of the LIPI Biology Research Center, Bogor, West Java. The results of the observations were analyzed descriptively based on the observation of the chromosome images from the photo shoot and the data on the size and shape of the chromosomes. It is known that the Phaius tankervillae has a chromosome number of 2n=2x=44 and Phaius amboinensis has a chromosome number of 2n=2x=46. The average length of the long arm of the Phaius tankervillae chromosome was 1.25 ± 0.45 μm with the short arm of 1.13 ± 0.43 μm. The long arm length of the Phaius amboinensis orchid chromosome is 1.25 ± 0.44 μm with the short arm 1.06 ± 0.37 μm. Phaius tankervillae and Phaius amboinensis both have metacentric chromosomes meta.

Karyotype of Phaius tankervilleae and Phaius amboinensis orchid

Abstract: Phaius tankervilleae and Phaius amboinensis orchids are decorative orchids that have high ornamental value and are classified as endangered plants. Genetic information from the P. tankervilleae and P. amboinensis orchids will be useful for plant breeders to develop a strategy in the ornamental improvement program. The aim of the study was to determine the karyotype pattern of P. tankervilleae and P. amboinensis orchids. Chromosomes obtained from meristematic root tips of each species were used to construct a karyotype and idiogram used the squash method. The results showed that the chromosome numbers and karyotype formulae of P. tankervilleae was 2n=2x=44=44 m (metacentric) and P. amboinensis was 2n=2x= 46=44m+2sm (sub-metacentric). Intrachromosomal Asymmetry Index (A1) of P. tankervillae was 0,10 and P. amboinensis was 0,15, indicates that both of them tend to have a metacentric chromosome type. Interchromosomal Asymmetry Index (A2) of P. tankervillae was 0,37 and P. amboinensis was 0,34, indicates that both have sufficient varies in size of chromosomes.

The Critical Period of Production of the Secondary Metabolite Indican in (Indigofera tinctoria L.) on Light Intensity

Abstract: Background: Indigofera tinctoria plays the role of a natural dye source that produces indigo color and contains the secondary metabolite indican which is highly responsive to light intensity. This study aims to examine the critical period for the formation of the secondary metabolite indican on light intensity. Methods: The method used was a completely randomized block design with a split-plot design. The study consisted of 2 treatment factors, namely: length of shade (main plot) and light intensity (subplot). The length of shade included 5 levels, namely early growth phase (up to 1 month after planting), mid-growth phase (up to 2 months after planting), maximum growth phase (up to 3 months after planting), 1 month before harvest and 2 months before harvest. Light intensity had 3 levels, namely 50% light intensity (38,464.3 lux), 25% (19,232.15 lux) and 10% (7,692.86 lux). Result: The combination of duration of shade and light intensity affected the growth, yield and content of secondary metabolites (indican) in Indigofera tinctoria. The highest number of leaves, plant fresh weight and biomass was found in the combination of shade in the early growth phase (up to 1 month after planting) with 50% light intensity. The highest indican production was found in the mid-growth shading (up to 2 months after planting) with 10% light intensity, which was 843.33 ppm. The critical period of shade to increase indican production along with the number of leaves was the mid-growth phase (up to 2 months after planting).

Short Communication: Morphological characterization of five species of Dendrobium native to Indonesia for parent selection

Abstract: Abstract. Hartati S, Samanhudi, Cahyono O. 2022. Short Communication: Morphological characterization of five species of Dendrobium native to Indonesia for parent selection. Biodiversitas 23: 2648-2654. As one of the most plentiful orchid genera, Dendrobium has a potential genetic resource for crossing programs. Morphological characterization is an important step in determining genetic relationships among orchid species in the same genus. The research aims to identify the morphological characteristics of five species of Indonesian Dendrobium in order to assess the potential cross elder candidates. The materials used in this study were D. mirbelianum Gaudich., D. lamellatum (Blume) Lindl., and D. anosmum obtained from Bogor Botanic Gardens; and D.bracteosum Rchb.f. and D. purpureum obtained from Klaten Speci Gardens. This study recorded 30 morphological characters of Dendrobium studied. There were 23 out of the 30 identified morphological characters (76.67%) that showed varying characters in flowers, leaves, pseudobulbs, and roots. Based on the cluster analysis, five species of Dendrobium are separated into two clusters and cluster division does not correlate with the section of Dendrobium. The species with the highest similarity coefficient has the potential to be used as parental in crosses. Dendrobium lamellatum and D. anosmum have the highest similarity coefficient of 0.80 and are the most potential as parental species for crossing, followed by D. bracteosum and D. purpureum with a similarity coefficient of 0.70.

Morphological diversity and phenetic relationship of wild and cultivated Begonia based on morphology and leaf venation

Abstract: Abstract. Permata DA, Susandarini R. 2021. Morphological diversity and phenetic relationship of wild and cultivated Begonia based on morphology and leaf venation. Biodiversitas 23: 928-937. Begonia is an ornamental plant with intense cultivation and hybridization practices because of the uniqueness and beauty of its leaves. Begonia with a very large number of species is interesting to study, especially because Indonesia is one of the resource centers of this genus diversity as indicated by the increasing number of new species found every year. This study aimed to explore the morphological diversity of wild and cultivated Begonia and reveal the phenetic relationships of the species and hybrids based on morphology and leaf venation patterns. In this study, we used 19 Begonia samples belonging to five species collected from their natural habitat and 14 species and hybrids obtained from the nurseries. Morphological observations of living specimens and examination on microscopic slides of cleared leaf resulted in 28 characters which were used to determine phenetic relationships using cluster analysis. The high variability of leaf venation patterns described in this study disclosed the micromorphological diversity of Begonia which has not been widely exposed. The results of morphological observations showed high variabilities in leaf color, leaf shape, and petiole color. The results of cluster analysis and principal component analysis indicated that the grouping of species was mainly determined by the existence of trichomes on leaf surfaces and petiole, leaf venation pattern, leaf variegation, and leaf shape. The grouping of species resulting from cluster analysis can be used in the selection of potential parents to produce new Begonia hybrids through crossing experiments.

Response of Maize Yield and Nutrient Uptake to Indigenous Organic Fertilizer from Corn Cobs

Abstract: Indonesia's corn harvest area is decreasing so that corn production is also decreasing. The use of suboptimal land can be done to increase the harvested corn area by adding nutrients with organic fertilizers. One of the organic fertilizer ingredients is corn cob waste. The aim of the study was to examine the role of corn cob fertilizer on the growth, yield and nutrient uptake of corn. The study used a completely randomized block design with one fertilization factor with six levels, namely chemical fertilizers and corn cob organic fertilizer at a dose of 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 or 12.5 tons/ha. Corn cob organic fertilizer has met the standard as an organic fertilizer with an organic C content of 62.21% and organic matter of 85.71%, ranking it in the high category. The total nitrogen is 1.44%, total phosphate is 1.43% and total potassium is 2.17%. Corn cob organic fertilizer had an effect on the leaf area index, root length, levels of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, weight of 100 seeds, cob diameter and phosphate uptake. Doses of 12.5 tons/ha produced the highest changes in chlorophyll a and b, root length and phosphate uptake. Phosphate and potassium uptake correlated with plant biomass and root length. Therefore, the results of the present study suggest that corn cob organic fertilizer is able to support the growth, yield and nutrient uptake of corn in sub-optimum land. Several gaps and research priorities in soil fertility have been identified, which need to be addressed in the future.

Diversity and morphological relationship of orchid species (Orchidaceae) in Bangka Island, Indonesia

Abstract: Abstract. Prayoga GI, Henri, Mustikarini ED, Anggyansyah. 2022. Diversity and morphological relationship of orchid species (Orchidaceae) in Bangka Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5323-5332. The population of orchid plants has suffered extinction due to the conversion of forest land functions. Efforts to preserve orchids can be carried out through exploration, identification and conservation activities. Diversity and morphological information are useful for resource management, conservation, hybridization, and genetic improvement of orchids. This research was to determine the diversity and relationship of orchids on Bangka Island based on morphological characters. This research was conducted in four districts in Bangka Island, namely Central Bangka, West Bangka, Bangka, and South Bangka. The research method used is a survey method with a convenience sampling technique. Observed data were analyzed descriptively and calculated for diversity index, evenness index, species richness index, and morphological relationship. Analysis of morphological relationship was done using UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean). The results of the study found 17 species of orchids in Bangka Island i.e. Bulbophyllum subumbellatum, Podochilus microphyllus, Crepidium calophyllum, Phalaenopsis cornu-cervi, Cymbidium finlaysonianum, and Malaxix kobi. Bangka District found 10 species, namely Phalaenopsis sumatrana, Liparis rhombea, Bulbophyllum sp., Robiquieta spathulata, Liparis sp., Trichotosia velutina, Micropera collosa, Dendrobium aloifolium, Grammatophyllum speciosium, and Adenoncos major. Exploration in West Bangka District and South Bangka District only found the same orchid species, namely Acriopsis javanica. The orchid species on Bangka Island have moderate diversity, high evenness index, and low species richness index. The relationship of orchid species in Bangka Island based on morphological characters has 60% similarities which are divided into 9 clusters. Prevention of orchid population reduction on Bangka Island can be done by using in situ and ex-situ conservation methods. In addition, for the future development of orchids, crosses between orchids that have unique characters and distant morphological relationships can also be carried out to produce orchids for commercial purposes.