Inder Pal Singh Kapoor

Abstract: Nanocrystalline transition metal oxides (NTMOs) have been successfully prepared by three different methods: novel quick precipitation method (Cr2O3 and Fe2O3); surfactant mediated method (CuO), and reduction of metal complexes with hydrazine as reducing agent (Mn2O3). The nano particles have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) which shows an average particle diameter of 35 – 54 nm. Their catalytic activity was measured in the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). AP decomposition undergoes a two step process where the addition of metal oxide nanocrystals led to a shifting of the high temperature decomposition peak toward lower temperature. The kinetics of the thermal decomposition of AP and catalyzed AP has also been evaluated using model fitting and isoconversional method.

Abstract: The thermolysis of various substituted ammonium salts of nitric and perchloric acids has been reviewed in the present communication The mechanistic aspects of thermal decomposition of these salts have been discussed critically It has been observed that the proton transfer process do play a major role during thermolysis of these salts The plausible decomposition pathways have also been described

Abstract: Binary transition metal ferrite (BTMF) nanocrystals of formula MFe2O4 (M=Cu, Co, Ni) were prepared by the coprecipitation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). XRD patterns gave average particle size by using Scherrer's equation for CuFe2O4 (CuF), CoFe2O4 (CoF), and NiFe2O4 (NiF) as 39.9, 27.3, and 43.8 nm, respectively. The catalytic activity measurements on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) were carried out by using thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTA), and ignition delay studies. Isothermal TG data up to a mass loss of 45% have been used to evaluate kinetic parameters by using model fitting as well as isoconversional method. The order of catalytic activity was found to be:

Abstract: Yogurt (prepared from buffalo's milk) samples treated with anise volatile oil and its oleoresin (ethanol) at varying concentrations (01–10 g/L) were stored up to 20 days at 4 ± 1C The physicochemical and microbiological qualities of yogurt samples were analyzed at 5-day interval during storage A gradual increase in acidity and syneresis was observed, whereas a decline in pH and total solid contents was noted in all the samples The studies revealed that incorporation of essential oil and oleoresin of anise at 10 g/L concentration is quite effective in controlling the growth of spoilage microorganisms in yogurt The results also suggest that the addition of anise volatile oil and oleoresin has no adverse effect on the physicochemical properties of yogurt PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Essential oils and oleoresins of anise can be used as food preservatives for yogurt

Abstract: The present review deals with the chemistry and thermolysis of NTO and plausible decomposition pathways have been described. The decomposition of 5-nitro-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-one (NTO) induced by X-ray, UV, laser, photochemical irradiation has also been discussed. High-speed photographic studies of the impact responses of NTO are also included. The thermal decomposition of labelled NTO has also been described here. Methods of detection as well as safe disposal of NTO have also been mentioned.

Abstract: Energetic salts offer many advantages over conventional energetic molecular compounds. The use of nitrogen containing anions and cations contributes to high heats of formations and high densities. Their low carbon and hydrogen content gives rise to a good oxygen balance. The decomposition of these compounds is predominantly through the generation of dinitrogen which makes them very promising candidates for highly energetic materials for industrial or military applications.

Abstract: Energetic materials such as explosives, propellants and pyrotechnics are widely used for both civilian and military explosives applications. The present review focuses briefly on the synthesis aspects and some of the physico-chemical properties of energetic materials of the class: (a) aminopyridine-N-oxides, (b) energetic azides, (c) high nitrogen content energetic materials, (d) imidazoles, (e) insensitive energetic materials, (f) oxidizers, (g) nitramines, (h) nitrate esters and (i) thermally stable explosives. A brief comment is also made on the emerging nitration concepts. This paper also reviews work done on primary explosives of current and futuristic interest based on energetic co-ordination compounds. Lead-free co-ordination compounds are the candidates of tomorrow's choice in view of their additional advantage of being eco-friendly. Another desirable attribute of lead free class of energetic compounds is the presence of almost equivalent quantity of fuel and oxidizer moieties. These compounds may find wide spectrum of futuristic applications in the area of energetic materials. The over all aim of the high energy materials research community is to develop the more powerful energetic materials/explosive formulations/propellant formulations in comparison to currently known benchmark materials/compositions. Therefore, an attempt is also made to highlight the important contributions made by the various researchers in the frontier areas energetic ballistic modifiers, energetic binders and energetic plasticizers.

Abstract: In agreement with the current trend of giving value to natural and renewable resources, the use of natural antimicrobial compounds, particularly in food and biomedical applications, becomes very frequent. The direct addition of natural compounds to food is the most common method of application, even if numerous efforts have been made to find alternative solutions to the aim of avoiding undesirable inactivation. Dipping, spraying and coating treatment of food with active solutions are currently applied to product prior to packaging as valid options. The aim of the current work is to give an overview on the use of natural compounds in food sector. In particular, the review will gather numerous case-studies of meat, fish, dairy products, minimally processed fruit and vegetables and cereal-based products where these compounds found application.

Abstract: In the era of nanoscience where all the devices and technologies are going to smaller and smaller in size with improved properties; catalysis is an important field of application. In this review article we are trying to summarize data reported in literature for application of nano sized catalyst in our daily life which are useful for human beings. Improvement in catalytic properties due size of catalyst reduced to nano scale is discussed here. Introductive points regarding nanoscience; their functional approaches; current research are also here. Main applications of nanocatalysts in water purification; fuel cell; energy storage; in composite solid rocket propellants; bio diesel production; in medicine; in dye; application of carbon nano tubes and several other point of application are discussed here in detail.

Abstract: In this paper a more precise approximate formula for Arrhenius temperature integral, i.e., − ln P(u)=0.37773896+1.89466100 ln u+1.00145033u , is proposed, by using two-step linearly fitting process: (i) the linear dependence of d ln p(u)/ d u on 1/u and (ii) the linear dependence of ( ln p(u)−c ln u ) on u. Values of p(u) at different u were directly obtained from numerical integration of temperature integral without derivation from any approximating infinite series, and values of d ln p(u)/ d u were obtained by numerical differentiating. New equation for the evaluation of non-isothermal kinetic parameters has been obtained from the above dependence, which can be put in the form ln g(α) T 1.89466100 = ln AE βR +3.63504095−1.89466100 ln E −1.00145033 E RT The validity of this formula was confirmed and its deviation from the values of numerical integrating was discussed. Compared with some previously published approximate formulae, our formula has the best result in the kinetics analysis of non-isothermal process.