Showing papers by "Indumathi M. Nambi published in 2017"
Virginia Tech1, Rice University2, University at Buffalo3, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology4, Hong Kong Polytechnic University5, Catholic University of Portugal6, Indian Institute of Technology Madras7, University of Michigan8, University of Hong Kong9, Chinese Academy of Sciences10
TL;DR: The need for coordinated national and international strategies to combat the spread of resistance is advised, highlighting three essential components: Monitoring, Risk Assessment, and Mitigation of antibiotic resistance.
Abstract: Antibiotic resistance is a pervasive global health threat. To combat the spread of resistance, it is necessary to consider all possible sources and understand the pathways and mechanisms by which resistance disseminates. Best management practices are urgently needed to provide barriers to the spread of resistance and maximize the lifespan of antibiotics as a precious resource. Herein we advise upon the need for coordinated national and international strategies, highlighting three essential components: (1) Monitoring, (2) Risk Assessment, and (3) Mitigation of antibiotic resistance. Central to all three components is What exactly to monitor, assess, and mitigate? We address this question within an environmental framework, drawing from fundamental microbial ecological processes driving the spread of resistance.
219 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focused on the treatment of real tannery effluent using different advanced oxidation processes in lab and pilot scale studies and evaluated the economics of the treatment processes.
Abstract: This study has focused on the treatment of real tannery effluent using different advanced oxidation processes in lab and pilot scale studies. Periodic monitoring was conducted for five months to identify the performance at different stages of treatment in the CETP. Monthly monitoring analysis shows that ratio of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were about 0.1–0.25. It was observed that even after physicochemical treatment the sample had a low biodegradability index (BDI). For this reason, more efficient methods of advanced oxidation processes like Fenton, Ozonation have been experimented with primary settling tank (PST) effluent to improve the biodegradation in the successive activated sludge process and secondary settling tank (SST) effluent to remove the residual inorganics. Sample collection and analysis were performed using standard methods of analysis. Pollutant removal efficiency was measured in terms of reduction in COD and Total Organic Carbon (TOC). The purification effect obtained by Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) was better in Ozone when compared to Fenton. A three step process of (coagulation + aeration + O 3 ) resulted in 80–90% reduction of COD. Coagulation, extended aeration followed by ozonation was recognized as the best method of treatment of tannery wastewater. Lab scale and pilot scale studies were done with real tannery wastewater effluents and the economics of the treatment processes were evaluated.
100 citations
TL;DR: A quinone-functionalized electrochemically exfoliated graphene (QEEG) and QEEG/Fe3O4 electrode was established for the continuous electro-generation of H2O2 and OH radicals as discussed by the authors.
58 citations
TL;DR: Analysis of the data indicated the presence of free-phase hydrocarbon in soil and groundwater close to the junction of Thiruvottiyur high (TH) road and Varadaja Perumal Koil (VPK) street, where the source of the hydrocarbon leak is present.
Abstract: Incidences of leakages of chemicals from underground oil storage tanks or oil-carrying pipelines have posed huge threat to the coastal aquifers around the world. One such leak was recently identified and notified by the people of Tondiarpet, Chennai, India. The assessment of the contamination level was done by obtaining electrical resistivity maps of the subsurface, drilling of 20 new borewells for soil and water analysis, and testing the water quality of 30 existing borewells. Samples were collected from the borewells, and observations were made that included parameters such as odor, moisture, contamination characteristics, lithology, groundwater level, thickness of the free product that are used to demarcate the extent of soil, and water contamination. Furthermore, a multigas detector was used to detect hydrocarbon presence as soil vapor. Moreover, to capture the transport of dissolved hydrocarbons, 10 samples were collected in the periphery of the study area and were analyzed for the presence of petroleum hydrocarbon and polyaromatic hydrocarbon. Analysis of the data indicated the presence of free-phase hydrocarbon in soil and groundwater close to the junction of Thiruvottiyur high (TH) road (TH) and Varadaja Perumal Koil (VPK) street. Although the contaminant plume is confined to a limited area, it has spread more to the southern and eastern side of the pipeline possibly due to continuous abstraction of groundwater by residential apartments. After cutting a trench along the VPK street and plotting of the plume delineation map, observations indicated that the source of the hydrocarbon leak is present in VPK street close to TH road. A multipronged strategy was suggested targeting the remediation of oil in various phases.
28 citations
TL;DR: The overall observation from this study is nitrification occurs in a wide range of saturations 33-78% with highest at 57% whereas denitrification is significant at higher water saturations 57- 78% for sandy soil texture, and denitification is dominant at 96% saturation with least nitrification at all saturation studies.
23 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a coupled sorption-biodegradation sink term including advanced biokinetics and inhibition effect for nitrogen movement in saturated soil was proposed for better prediction of the existing advection-dispersion-reactive transport model by a coupled SBS.
10 citations