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Indumathi M. Nambi

Bio: Indumathi M. Nambi is an academic researcher from Indian Institute of Technology Madras. The author has contributed to research in topics: Medicine & Chemistry. The author has an hindex of 21, co-authored 80 publications receiving 1777 citations. Previous affiliations of Indumathi M. Nambi include University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign & Indian Institutes of Technology.


Papers
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Posted ContentDOI
03 Jun 2021-medRxiv
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive metagenomics-based approach for global surveillance of antibiotic resistance in sewage, enabling assessment of which antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are shared across regions/communities; which ARGs are discriminatory; and factors associated with overall trends including antibiotic concentrations in sewage.
Abstract: Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) for disease monitoring is highly promising, but requires consistent methodologies that incorporate predetermined objectives, targets, and metrics. We demonstrate a comprehensive metagenomics-based approach for global surveillance of antibiotic resistance in sewage, enabling assessment of: 1) which antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are shared across regions/communities; 2) which ARGs are discriminatory; and 3) factors associated with overall trends including antibiotic concentrations in sewage. Across an internationally-sourced transect of sewage samples collected using a centralized, standardized protocol, ARG relative abundances (16S rRNA gene-normalized) were highest in Hong Kong and India and lowest in Sweden and Switzerland, reflecting national policy, measured antibiotic concentrations, and metal resistance genes. Asian versus European/US resistomes were distinct, with macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin, phenicol, quinolone, and tetracycline versus multidrug resistance ARGs being discriminatory, respectively. Sales data were not predictive of antibiotics measured in sewage, emphasizing need for direct measurements. The WBE approach defined herein demonstrates multi-site comparability and sensitivity to local/regional factors.

6 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , a novel three-dimensional graphene-coated nickel foam (Gr-NF) was explored for its performance in electro-peroxone process for the removal of ibuprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and a model pharmaceutical contaminant.

6 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the feasibility of graphite felt for electro-enhanced removal of perchlorate ions through capacitive deionization process (CDI) in aqueous solution was investigated.

6 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present deterministic and probabilistic human health risk assessment using Monte Carlo simulations on exposure to an Indian river, Kaveri, which has been contaminated by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
Abstract: This study presents deterministic and probabilistic human health risk assessment using Monte Carlo simulations on exposure to an Indian river, Kaveri, which has been contaminated by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The NSAIDs of concern are naproxen, ibuprofen, aspirin, ketoprofen, and diclofenac. We have considered three exposure scenarios (water ingestion, dermal exposure, and fish ingestion) for four different age groups (0-5, 6-10, 11-18, and 19-70 years). Deterministic risk assessment revealed teenagers to be the most sensitive receptors and water ingestion to be the most crucial pathway contributing to maximum health risk (79 to 86%). Based on the results of Monte Carlo simulations, it was found that the probability of exceeding the deterministic mean risks ranged from 17 to 39% for different exposure routes. High end risk estimates such as 95th percentiles and maximum values of HQ for the entire population did not exceed the USEPA allowable risk. This implies that the NSAIDs at the detected concentrations in the Kaveri river may not pose adverse health effects even in the worst-case scenario. Among the five NSAIDs, diclofenac was found to be the major contributor for health risk. Moreover, the concentration of diclofenac was just one order less than the estimated site-specific threshold concentrations. From sensitivity analysis, the most and the least impactful parameters were found to be water ingestion rate and fish ingestion rate respectively.

6 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a simulation study is conducted based on the one-dimensional numerical model considering Richard's equation for unsaturated water flow and solute transport which takes into account the effect of both adsorption and biodegradation with inhibitory effect to understand pesticide transport in an unsaturated porous medium.
Abstract: The pesticides applied on the soil surface can be transported vertically downwards through the unsaturated porous system and lead to groundwater contamination. Proper agricultural management practices such as selection of appropriate irrigation techniques, choosing proper irrigation rates, and application of optimum pesticide dosages are necessary to prevent leaching of pesticides to greater depths thus preventing groundwater contamination. A simulation study is conducted based on the one-dimensional numerical model considering Richard’s equation for unsaturated water flow and solute transport which takes into account the effect of both adsorption and biodegradation with inhibitory effect to understand pesticide transport in an unsaturated porous medium. The study addresses the influence of irrigation rate, type of irrigation, and pesticide dosage on soil moisture and pesticide concentration distribution. The numerical results suggest that higher water application rates can carry the pesticides to greater depths. Pulsed irrigation can slightly reduce water losses through the root zone when compared to continuous irrigation. The comparison of the wetting patterns and the pesticide distribution obtained in continuous and pulsed irrigation helps to decide the use of a particular irrigation strategy in order to achieve suitable goals. In addition, the results from this study bring out better understanding of the effect of pesticide concentration and dosage on the resultant pesticide distribution in the unsaturated zone and the pesticide potential to cause groundwater contamination. The better analysis of outputs from this study can help in improving and designing better agricultural management strategies, carrying out risk assessment and bioremediation studies.

6 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Fluoride contamination in drinking water due to natural and anthropogenic activities has been recognized as one of the major problems worldwide imposing a serious threat to human health as mentioned in this paper, and it has been identified as a major problem worldwide.

914 citations

01 Jan 2004
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics and disinfectants on environmental bacteria, especially with respect to resistance, are investigated and the impact on the frequency of resistance transfer by antibacterials present in the environment is questionable.
Abstract: Antibiotics, disinfectants and bacteria resistant to them have been detected in environmental compartments such as waste water, surface water, ground water, sediments and soils. Antibiotics are released into the environment after their use in medicine, veterinary medicine and their employment as growth promoters in animal husbandry, fish farming and other fields. There is increasing concern about the growing resistance of pathogenic bacteria in the environment, and their ecotoxic effects. Increasingly, antibiotic resistance is seen as an ecological problem. This includes both the ecology of resistance genes and that of the resistant bacteria themselves. Little is known about the effects of subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics and disinfectants on environmental bacteria, especially with respect to resistance. According to the present state of our knowledge, the impact on the frequency of resistance transfer by antibacterials present in the environment is questionable. The input of resistant bacteria into the environment seems to be an important source of resistance in the environment. The possible impact of resistant bacteria on the environment is not yet known. Further research into these issues is warranted.

867 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review article is aimed at providing precise information on efforts made by various researchers in the field of fluoride removal for drinking water by broadly divided in two sections dealing with membrane and adsorption techniques.

725 citations

01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: The wastewater engineering treatment disposal and reuse is universally compatible with any devices to read and an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly.
Abstract: wastewater engineering treatment disposal and reuse is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our books collection hosts in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the wastewater engineering treatment disposal and reuse is universally compatible with any devices to read.

677 citations