Sin and Confession on the Eve of the Reformation

International criminal law has witnessed a rapid rise after the end of the Cold War. The United Nations refers to the birth of a new 'age of accountability', but certain historical objections, such as selectivity or victor's justice, have never fully gone away, and many of the justice dimensions of international criminal law remain unexplored. Various critiques have emerged in socio-legal scholarship or globalization discourse, revealing that there is a stark discrepancy between reality and expectation. Linking discussion of legal theories, case-law and practice to scholarship and opinion, A Critical Introduction to International Criminal Law explores these critiques through five main themes at the heart of contemporary dilemmas:The shifting contours of criminality and international crimesThe tension between individual and collective responsibilityThe challenges of domestic, international, hybrid and regional justice institutionsThe foundations of justice proceduresApproaches towards punishment and reparationSuitable for students, academics and professionals from multiple fields wishing to understand contemporary theories, practices and critiques of international criminal law. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

A Critical Introduction to International Criminal Law

The Russian Marxists and the Origins of Bolshevism

Beckett's Political Imagination charts unexplored territory: it investigates how Beckett's bilingual texts re-imagine political history, and documents the conflicts and controversies through which Beckett's political consciousness and affirmations were mediated. The book offers a startling account of Beckett's work, tracing the many political causes that framed his writing, commitments, collaborations and friendships, from the Scottsboro Boys to the Black Panthers, from Irish communism to Spanish republicanism to Algerian nationalism, and from campaigns against Irish and British censorship to anti-Apartheid and international human rights movements. Emilie Morin reveals a very different writer, whose career and work were shaped by a unique exposure to international politics, an unconventional perspective on political action and secretive political engagements. The book will benefit students, researchers and readers who want to think about literary history in different ways and are interested in Beckett's enduring appeal and influence.

Beckett's Political Imagination

Complex conformities: Tibetan women's life writing and the en-gendering of national history in Exile

Parler de soi sous Staline : La construction identitaire dans le communisme des années trente

Today, war is still perceived as being the prerogative of men only. Women are generally excluded from the debate on belligerence, except as passive victims of the brutality inflicted on them by their masculine contemporaries. Yet history shows that through the ages, women have also played a role in armed hostilities, and have sometimes even been the main protagonists. In the present article, the long history and the multiple facets of women's involvement in war are recounted from two angles: women at war (participating in war) and women in war (affected by war). The merit of a gender-based division of roles in war is then examined with reference to the ancestral practice of armed violence.

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Between Amazons and Sabines: a historical approach to women and war

Fin 1918, le CICR est loue de toutes parts pour son action en faveur des prisonniers de la Grande Guerre. Au meme moment est fondee la Ligue des Societes de la Croix-Rouge, censee promouvoir un humanitaire moderne, focalise sur les activites de secours et de prevention en temps de paix. Entre ces deux institutions charitables s’engage une lutte parfois feroce, dont les debuts font l’objet de cet article. Au-dela des peripeties de cet affrontement, il entend aborder une question bien plus vaste, celle des rapports de concurrence subtils et varies qui peuvent se developper entre des organismes se destinant a soulager la souffrance des victimes.

Décrypter la concurrence humanitaire : le conflit entre Croix-Rouge(s) après 1918

Despite the recurrence of hostage-taking through the ages, the subject of hostages themselves has thus far received little analysis. Classically, there are two distinct types of hostages: voluntary hostages, as was common practice during the Ancien Regime of pre-Revolution France, when high-ranking individuals handed themselves over to benevolent jailers as guarantors for the proper execution of treaties; and involuntary hostages, whose seizure is a typical procedure in all-out war where individuals are held indiscriminately and without consideration, like living pawns, to gain a decisive military upper hand. Today the status of “hostage” is a combination of both categories taken to extremes. Though chosen for pecuniary, symbolic or political reasons, hostages are generally mistreated. They are in fact both the reflection and the favoured instrument of a major moral dichotomy: that of the increasing globalization of European and American principles and the resultant opposition to it — an opposition that plays precisely on the western adherence to human and democratic values. In the eyes of his countrymen, the hostage thus becomes the very personification of the innocent victim, a troubling and haunting image.

A haunting figure: The hostage through the ages

Dans cet article, les auteurs analysent le concept de "nouveaux conflits". Un rapide survol historique montre que toutes les techniques qui caracterisent les "nouveaux conflits" furent utilisees durant des guerres du passe. Les combats d'aujourd'hui sont typiques de l'epoque "post-bipolaire", et ils refletent un Occident oublieux des realites belliqueuses ou, apres deux generations de paix relative, toute guerre semble nouvelle.

Irène Herrmann

Papers

Parler de soi sous Staline : La construction identitaire dans le communisme des années trente

Between Amazons and Sabines: a historical approach to women and war

Décrypter la concurrence humanitaire : le conflit entre Croix-Rouge(s) après 1918

A haunting figure: The hostage through the ages

Les nouveaux conflits: une modernité archaïque?