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Irene Isaksson-Hellman

Bio: Irene Isaksson-Hellman is an academic researcher from Volvo. The author has contributed to research in topics: Poison control & Crash. The author has an hindex of 12, co-authored 19 publications receiving 470 citations.

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper is a review of Volvo's Whiplash Protection Study (WHIPS), which is the result of more than ten years of concentrated research efforts in the area of neck injuries in car collisions, with the focus on rear end car impacts.

141 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
12 Nov 1997
TL;DR: A positive trend to more frequent use of child restraint systems (CRS) in Sweden, during the last 20 years, is shown in this paper, based on 25.000 crashes which occurred in Sweden between 1976 and 1996.
Abstract: This paper is based on 25.000 crashes which occurred in Sweden between 1976 and 1996. The analysis is carried out on a subset of 4242 child occupants between 0 and 15 years of age, restrained and unrestrained. A positive trend to more frequent use of child restraint systems (CRS) in Sweden, during the last 20 years, is shown in the paper. During the same period, the overall injury risk, for different age groups of child occupants, has decreased substantially. This indicates the high effectiveness of CRS. Children need car occupant safety systems specifically designed for their size. The paper clearly states the need for child safety systems, and discusses benefits and drawbacks with regard to different restraints, ages, and injuries. The analysis points out, that when a crash occurs, the maximum effect of a CRS is not reached, if the child is not using the correct system for his/her size. There is even a tendency that the injury risk increases when children switch from one restraint system to another, that is to say when they are at the youngest ages for which the specific restraint is recommended. (A) For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 899572.

54 citations

01 Jun 2005
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined accident data with Volvo cars in Sweden to evaluate child safety with respect to age, size and impact situation (including impact severity in frontal impacts), identifying optimal restraints as well as potential areas needing more attention.
Abstract: During the past 40 years, different child restraint systems (CRS) have been developed to improve protection for children of different sizes and ages. Development of more effective CRS, and a higher frequency in use of the restraints, in addition to enhanced vehicle safety, have resulted in an increased level of child safety. This study examines accident data with Volvo cars in Sweden to evaluate child safety with respect to age, size and impact situation (including impact severity in frontal impacts), identifying optimal restraints as well as potential areas needing more attention. A total of 3670 children, aged 0-15 years, involved in car crashes 1987-2004 were selected from Volvo's statistical accident database. The injury-reducing effect of the child restraint systems was high overall. The highest injury-reducing effect was found in rearward-facing child restraints for children up to 3-4 years of age, offering an injury-reducing effect of 90% compared to an unrestrained child. Belt-positioning boosters from 4 to 10 years of age were found to have an injury reducing effect of 77%. Compared to adults, this study indicates that children have a generally lower AIS 2+ injury rate, except for abdominal and lower-extremity injuries. Abdominal injuries are mainly found in children using only a seat belt, emphasizing the need for belt-positioning boosters. A tendency of higher injury risk was found when the growing child switches from one restraint to another, i.e. when the child is at the youngest age approved for the restraint. Thus, the total injury-reducing effect would increase if all children were to use the child restraint system most appropriate for their size and age. The challenge is to spread information as well as enhance design to encourage everyone to use the appropriate child restraint system and to use it correctly.

51 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Isaksson-Hellman et al. as discussed by the authors investigated the frequency and severity of different accident scenarios and identified relevant factors and circumstances of these collisions, obtaining detailed information about bicycle-car collisions at all levels of crash severity was obtained from insurance claims.

33 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Evaluating the effectiveness of forward collision warning alone, a low-speed autonomous emergency braking (AEB) system operational at speeds up to 19mph that does not warn the driver prior to braking, and FCW with AEB that operates at higher speeds in reducing front-to-rear crashes and injuries found reductions in rear-end striking crash involvement rates.

268 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
09 Nov 2010
TL;DR: This paper describes one of the latest AEB systems called Collision Warning with Full Auto Brake and Pedestrian Detection (CWAB-PD), which is the only system on the market that automatically can avoid accidents with pedestrians.
Abstract: More and more vehicles are being equipped with Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB) systems. These systems intend to help the driver avoid or mitigate accidents by automatically applying the brakes prior to an accident. Initially only rear-end collision were addressed but over time more accident types are incorporated and brakes are applied earlier and stronger, in order to increase the velocity reduction before the accident occurs. This paper describes one of the latest AEB systems called Collision Warning with Full Auto Brake and Pedestrian Detection (CWAB-PD). It helps the driver with avoiding both rear-end and pedestrian accidents by providing a warning and, if necessary, automatic braking using full braking power. A limited set of accident scenarios is selected to illustrate the theoretical and practical performance of this system. It is shown that the CWAB-PD system can avoid accidents up to 35 km/h and can mitigate accidents achieving an impact speed reduction of 35 km/h. To the best of the authors knowledge CWAB-PD is the only system on the market that automatically can avoid accidents with pedestrians.

239 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: These recommendations are presented in the form of an algorithm that is intended to facilitate implementation of the recommendations by pediatricians to their patients and families and should cover most situations that pediatricians will encounter in practice.
Abstract: Child passenger safety has dramatically evolved over the past decade; however, motor vehicle crashes continue to be the leading cause of death of children 4 years and older. This policy statement provides 4 evidence-based recommendations for best practices in the choice of a child restraint system to optimize safety in passenger vehicles for children from birth through adolescence: (1) rear-facing car safety seats for most infants up to 2 years of age; (2) forward-facing car safety seats for most children through 4 years of age; (3) belt-positioning booster seats for most children through 8 years of age; and (4) lap-and-shoulder seat belts for all who have outgrown booster seats. In addition, a fifth evidence-based recommendation is for all children younger than 13 years to ride in the rear seats of vehicles. It is important to note that every transition is associated with some decrease in protection; therefore, parents should be encouraged to delay these transitions for as long as possible. These recommendations are presented in the form of an algorithm that is intended to facilitate implementation of the recommendations by pediatricians to their patients and families and should cover most situations that pediatricians will encounter in practice. The American Academy of Pediatrics urges all pediatricians to know and promote these recommendations as part of child passenger safety anticipatory guidance at every health-supervision visit.

187 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: 4 evidence-based recommendations for best practices in the choice of a child restraint system to optimize safety in passenger vehicles for children from birth through adolescence are provided and all children younger than 13 years to ride in the rear seats of vehicles are urged.
Abstract: Child passenger safety has dramatically evolved over the past decade; however, motor vehicle crashes continue to be the leading cause of death for children 4 years and older. This policy statement provides 4 evidence-based recommendations for best practices in the choice of a child restraint system to optimize safety in passenger vehicles for children from birth through adolescence: (1) rear-facing car safety seats as long as possible; (2) forward-facing car safety seats from the time they outgrow rear-facing seats for most children through at least 4 years of age; (3) belt-positioning booster seats from the time they outgrow forward-facing seats for most children through at least 8 years of age; and (4) lap and shoulder seat belts for all who have outgrown booster seats. In addition, a fifth evidence-based recommendation is for all children younger than 13 years to ride in the rear seats of vehicles. It is important to note that every transition is associated with some decrease in protection; therefore, parents should be encouraged to delay these transitions for as long as possible. These recommendations are presented in the form of an algorithm that is intended to facilitate implementation of the recommendations by pediatricians to their patients and families and should cover most situations that pediatricians will encounter in practice. The American Academy of Pediatrics urges all pediatricians to know and promote these recommendations as part of child passenger safety anticipatory guidance at every health supervision visit.

177 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Estimates of the incidence and patterns of neck strain/sprain injury among MV occupants treated in US hospital emergency departments suggest that the problem of neck injury may be larger than has been previously demonstrated using other surveillance tools.

146 citations