Author
Ishank Sharma
Bio: Ishank Sharma is an academic researcher from Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Social network analysis & Principle of compositionality. The author has an hindex of 3, co-authored 3 publications receiving 14 citations.
Papers
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TL;DR: Simulation results validate a critical proportion of committed individuals as a plausible basis for ideological shifts in societies and delineate the role of evangelism through social and non-social methods in propagating views.
Abstract: Opinions continuously evolve in society. While conservative ideas may get replaced by a new one, some views remain immutable. Opinion formation and innovation diffusion have witnessed lots of attention in the last decade due to its widespread applicability in the diverse domain of science and technology. We analyse these scenarios in which interactions at the micro level results in the changes in opinions at the macro level in a population of predefined ideological groups. We use the Bass model, otherwise well known for understanding innovation diffusion phenomena, to compute adoption probabilities of three opinion states-zealot, extremists and moderates. Thereafter, we employ cellular automata to explore the emergence of opinions through local and overlapped interactions between agents (people). NetLogo environment has been used to develop an agent-based model, simulating different ideological scenarios. Simulation results validate a critical proportion of committed individuals as a plausible basis for ideological shifts in societies. The analysis elucidates upon the role of moderates in the population and emergence of varying opinions. The results further delineate the role of evangelism through social and non-social methods in propagating views. The results obtained from these simulations endorse the conclusions reported in previous studies regarding the role of a critical zealot population, and the preponderance of non-social influence. We, however, use two-phase opinion model with different experimental settings. Additionally, we examine global observable, such as entropy of the system to reveal common patterns of adoption in the views and evenness of population after reaching a consensus.
9 citations
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03 Jul 2017TL;DR: This work presents a simple yet effective approach of representing Sanskrit words in a continuous vector space and uses word embeddings in similarity, compositionality and visualization tasks to test its efficacy.
Abstract: Language processing of Sanskrit presents various challenges in the field of computational linguistics. Prosodical, orthographic and inflectional complexities encountered in Sanskrit texts makes it difficult to apply linguistic analysis methods relevant for western European languages. The inadequacy of contemporary computational approaches in the analysis of Sanskrit language is vivdly apparent. In this exposition, we focus on the challenge of learning syntactic and semantic similarities in a rich Sanskrit literature. We present a simple yet effective approach of representing Sanskrit words in a continuous vector space. We utilise word embeddings in similarity, compositionality and visualization tasks to test its efficacy. Experiments show that our method produces interpretable vector offsets exhibiting shared relationships.
6 citations
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TL;DR: An agent-based model that derives its essence from social processes, fuzzy game theory, and social network analysis is developed and reveals a possible interaction pattern responsible for the evolution of the layered associations.
Abstract: Friendship formation between a pair of individuals (dyads) and its dynamics is a complex phenomenon that has been extensively studied in the literature. Assortative, relational, and proximity mechanisms are the recognized social processes that are responsible for the formation of these dyadic ties. In this paper, we develop an agent-based model that derives its essence from social processes, fuzzy game theory, and social network analysis. The process of dyadic friendship formation depends on the agent’s (participant’s) spatial configuration, attributes affecting friendship, and interaction with other agents. To model these interactions, we use fuzzy iterated prisoner’s dilemma (Fuzzy-IPD) utilizing the decision factors contributing to similar social processes. These strategies have been independently discussed in previously published studies. We, however, use them in combination to design a descriptive model with different experimental settings in an ad-hoc simulation framework. Using an integrationist approach, we blend multiple individual components of friendship formation to construct a comprehensive model. The analysis of the model thus developed reveals a possible interaction pattern responsible for the evolution of the layered associations. This paper further validates various levels of friendship ties (strong ties, medium ties, and weak ties) in social networks as reported in the published sociological studies.
4 citations
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TL;DR: A new topic modeling method called W2V-LSA, which is based on Word2vec and Spherical k-means clustering to better capture and represent the context of a corpus, which can be a competitive alternative for better topic modeling to provide direction for future research in technology trend analysis.
Abstract: Blockchain has become one of the core technologies in Industry 4.0. To help decision-makers establish action plans based on blockchain, it is an urgent task to analyze trends in blockchain technology. However, most of existing studies on blockchain trend analysis are based on effort demanding full-text investigation or traditional bibliometric methods whose study scope is limited to a frequency-based statistical analysis. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a new topic modeling method called Word2vec-based Latent Semantic Analysis (W2V-LSA), which is based on Word2vec and Spherical k-means clustering to better capture and represent the context of a corpus. We then used W2V-LSA to perform an annual trend analysis of blockchain research by country and time for 231 abstracts of blockchain-related papers published over the past five years. The performance of the proposed algorithm was compared to Probabilistic LSA, one of the common topic modeling techniques. The experimental results confirmed the usefulness of W2V-LSA in terms of the accuracy and diversity of topics by quantitative and qualitative evaluation. The proposed method can be a competitive alternative for better topic modeling to provide direction for future research in technology trend analysis and it is applicable to various expert systems related to text mining.
79 citations
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TL;DR: A simple Ising spin model which can describe a mechanism of making a decision in a closed community is proposed and it is shown via standard Monte Carlo simulations that very simple rules lead to rather complicated dynamics and to a power law in the decision time distribution.
Abstract: A simple Ising spin model which can describe a mechanism of making a decision in a closed community is proposed. It is shown via standard Monte Carlo simulations that very simple rules lead to rather complicated dynamics and to a power law in the decision time distribution. It is found that a closed community has to evolve either to a dictatorship or a stalemate state (inability to take any common decision). A common decision can be taken in a "democratic way" only by an open community.
39 citations
01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: In Campbelltown, a small town with a population of 3,900, some thirty miles south of Sydney, the number of marriages involving at least one Campbelltown resident over a sample period was 413 as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: During the past ten years members of the Department of Anthropology in the University of. Sydney have undertaken fieldwork in rural, provincial, and urban areas in Australia, to study the significance of contiguity as a force of social integration. The author's field-work was carried out in Campbelltown, a small town with a population of 3,900, some thirty miles south of Sydney. One aspect of this study was the investigation of the influence of residential propinquity as a factor in the selection of marriage mates. In order to trace the propinquity pattern in Campbelltown marriage registers for the period 1922-1952 inclusive were examined at the Registrar-General's Department in Sydney. Only those marriages in which one or both partners gave Campbelltown as the pre-marital address were counted. This meant the elimination of a number of marriages performed in the town but which involved visitors and army personnel from nearby camps. For obvious reasons no attempt was made to trace marriages involving Campbelltown residents performed elsewhere in the State'. The number of marriages involving at least one Campbelltown resident over the sample period was 413. The smallness of this number partly explains the necessity for such a long sample period. After tabulating the marriage data for Campbelltown it was found that the propinquity rate was fairly low and the pattern of mate selection widely scattered. In Campbelltown over the sample period only 39.6 per cent, of the total marriages performed were between two local residents. In other words, in 60.4 per cent, of the marriages, Campbelltown's brides and grooms married partners residing outside the town. From this finding one might be led to conclude that distance and not propinquity operated as the stronger factor in marriage selection. However, a detailed examination of the area of marriage scatter outside Campbelltown suggested additional factors which would explain the above findings.
32 citations
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TL;DR: Information distortion and polarization effects are incorporated into an opinion dynamics model based on information entropy, modeling imprecision in human memory and communication, and the consequent progressive drift of information toward subjective extremes to aid in the analysis and prediction of opinion polarization phenomena on social platforms.
Abstract: The advent of social media and technologies augmenting social communication has dramatically amplified the role of rumor spreading in shaping society, via means of misinformation and fact distortion. Existing research commonly utilize contagion mechanisms, statistical mechanics frameworks, or complex-network opinion dynamics models. In this paper, we incorporate information distortion and polarization effects into an opinion dynamics model based on information entropy, modeling imprecision in human memory and communication, and the consequent progressive drift of information toward subjective extremes. Simulation results predict a wide variety of possible system behavior, heavily dependent on the relative trust placed on individuals of differing social connectivity. Mass-polarization toward a positive or negative consensus occurs when a synergistic mechanism between preferential trust and polarization tendencies is sustained; a division of the population into segregated groups of different polarity is also possible under certain conditions. These results may aid in the analysis and prediction of opinion polarization phenomena on social platforms, and the presented agent-based modeling approach may aid in the simulation of complex-network information systems.
18 citations
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TL;DR: Experimental results show that the best performing proposed methods combine aspects of the WilMA and Reverse Pyramid boarding methods adapted for apron buses and can reduce boarding time by up to 39.2% when compared to the benchmark Back-to-front method.
Abstract: The use of apron buses for transporting passengers from the airport terminal to the airplane has become common practice for a series of airports worldwide. Airline companies have become increasingly aware of this practice and have added information to their boarding passes to suggest the airplane door passengers should use while boarding the airplane. In contrast, many of the literature's methods to reduce boarding time assume the presence of a jet-bridge connecting the airplane to the terminal. These boarding methods are “by seat” and “by group” methods. The use of the apron buses for passengers' transport limits the usage of these methods because, in most cases now, only two apron buses are needed for transporting the passengers. With two apron buses, boarding control is limited to deciding on which passengers to assign to each of the two buses. We propose 15 new methods that we tested against the previously published Back-to-front method adapted for the apron buses case, by considering 7 luggage situations. An agent-based model in NetLogo is created based on field trials and considerations made in the literature, and we used this model for simulations. Experimental results show that the best performing proposed methods combine aspects of the WilMA and Reverse Pyramid boarding methods adapted for apron buses. The best proposed method can reduce boarding time by up to 39.2% when compared to the benchmark Back-to-front method.
16 citations