Ivana Marková

Bio: Ivana Marková is an academic researcher from University of Stirling. The author has contributed to research in topics: Dialogical self & Social psychology (sociology). The author has an hindex of 47, co-authored 202 publications receiving 7111 citations. Previous affiliations of Ivana Marková include University of Glasgow & Hacettepe University.

Daily living problems of people with haemophilia and HIV infection: implications for counselling.

Abstract: The advent of AIDS not only signifies the emergence of a new disease that affects hitherto healthy members of the general population but also highlights many unresolved problems of people with haemophilia, a life-long genetic disorder of blood clotting. Although HIV infection and the threat of AIDS has been a tragedy for people with haemophilia, the reported study shows that in spite of recent technological advancement in treatment, problems caused by haemophilia as such are still devastating for some severely affected patients. The ability of people with haemophilia to cope with their daily living problems such as chronic and acute pain, stress in the family, difficulties with unemployment and social relationships affects their response to HIV/AIDS. These facts have important implications for their rehabilitation and counselling and raise questions about coping with HIV/AIDS for other risk groups.

Comparison of sexual behaviour and risk of HIV transmission of Scottish inmates, with or without a history of intravenous drug use.

Abstract: The sexual behaviour and intravenous drug use (IVDU) of a sample of 559 inmates (480 males and 79 females) was investigated. Sexual behaviour and IVDU prior to imprisonment, during imprisonment, and that expected after release, was assessed. Alterations in sexual behaviour as a means of HIV risk reduction was also assessed in relation to IVDU status. Prior to imprisonment most IVDUs and non-IVDUs engaged in unprotected intercourse. Sexual behaviour during imprisonment, as reported by inmates, was almost negligible for both groups. Expected sexual behaviour after imprisonment differed little from that before imprisonment for both IVDUs and non-IVDUs. Selecting partners more carefully and reducing their number was the most common method of HIV risk reduction for both IVDUs and non-IVDUs prior to imprisonment and was expected to be increasingly so after release. There was little difference in the sexual behaviour of IVDUs and non-IVDUs prior to imprisonment, during imprisonment, and as expected after release. However, IVDU inmates were more likely to have had an IVDU sexual partner than did non-IVDU inmates. Those IVDU inmates who had an HIV test, and those who had an IVDU sexual partner, were more likely to expect to continue IVDU after imprisonment. IVDU inmates, who had an IVDU sexual partner, were also more likely to have shared injected equipment but no more likely to have sterilized injecting equipment than did IVDU inmates whose sexual partner was not involved with IVDU. Results are discussed in relation to risk of HIV transmission for IVDUs and their sexual partners.

Method and explanation in history and in social representations.

Abstract: A commonly held point of view defines a discipline as a science if it uses inductive and/or deductive methods in studying phenomena in question, because these methods, it is believed, will enable generalization of findings. Both history and theory of social representations study unique phenomena and therefore, for these disciplines, induction and deduction are unsuitable methods of exploration. History and theory of social representations treat a historical event and a social psychological phenomenon, respectively, as dynamic, systemic and one of its kind. Using relational epistemologies, these disciplines produce context-dependent and context-specific knowledge. Whilst similarities among historical, as well as among social psychological occurrences do exist, they do not yield themselves to inductive generalization. Studies of unique cases require different kinds of generalization; rather than generalising to populations, they pose questions about generalizability, or transferability, with respect to theories of other historical events or social psychological phenomena.

A Dynamic Theory of Organizational Knowledge Creation

Abstract: This paper proposes a paradigm for managing the dynamic aspects of organizational knowledge creating processes. Its central theme is that organizational knowledge is created through a continuous dialogue between tacit and explicit knowledge. The nature of this dialogue is examined and four patterns of interaction involving tacit and explicit knowledge are identified. It is argued that while new knowledge is developed by individuals, organizations play a critical role in articulating and amplifying that knowledge. A theoretical framework is developed which provides an analytical perspective on the constituent dimensions of knowledge creation. This framework is then applied in two operational models for facilitating the dynamic creation of appropriate organizational knowledge.

Learning by expanding: An activity-theoretical approach to developmental research

Abstract: 1. Introduction 2. The emergence of learning activity as a historical form of human learning 3. The zone of proximal development as the basic category of expansive research 4. The instruments of expansion 5. Toward an expansive methodology 6. Epilogue.

Remembering. A Study in Experimental and Social Psychology, Cambridge (University Press) 1964.

Abstract: Part I. Experimental Studies: 2. Experiment in psychology 3. Experiments on perceiving III Experiments on imaging 4-8. Experiments on remembering: (a) The method of description (b) The method of repeated reproduction (c) The method of picture writing (d) The method of serial reproduction (e) The method of serial reproduction picture material 9. Perceiving, recognizing, remembering 10. A theory of remembering 11. Images and their functions 12. Meaning Part II. Remembering as a Study in Social Psychology: 13. Social psychology 14. Social psychology and the matter of recall 15. Social psychology and the manner of recall 16. Conventionalism 17. The notion of a collective unconscious 18. The basis of social recall 19. A summary and some conclusions.

A review and reformulation of social information-processing mechanisms in children's social adjustment.

Abstract: Research on the relation between social information processing and social adjustment in childhood is reviewed and interpreted within the framework of a reformulated model of human performance and social exchange. This reformulation proves to assimilate almost all previous studies and is a useful heuristic device for organizing the field. The review suggests that overwhelming evidence supports the empirical relation between characteristic processing styles and children's social adjustment, with some aspects of processing (e.g., hostile attributional biases, intention cue detection accuracy, response access patterns, and evaluation of response outcomes) likely to be causal of behaviors that lead to social status and other aspects (e.g., perceived self-competence) likely to be responsive to peer status