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J C Nickel

Bio: J C Nickel is an academic researcher from University of California, Riverside. The author has contributed to research in topics: Elastic scattering & Scattering. The author has an hindex of 10, co-authored 10 publications receiving 515 citations.

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the absolute elastic and inelastic differential cross sections (DCS) for electron impact on molecular (atomic) species are described and illustrated by examples, and a method of determining absolute differential electron-molecule scattering cross sections is generally applicable and provides reliable results.
Abstract: Procedures and calibration techniques for measuring the absolute elastic and inelastic differential cross sections (DCS) for electron impact on molecular (atomic) species are described and illustrated by examples. The elastic DCS for the molecule under study is first determined by calibration against helium using the relative flow technique. The second step involves the production of energy-loss spectra for the instrument response function, the unfolding of overlapping inelastic structures and the normalization of inelastic intensities to the elastic cross sections. It is concluded that this method of determining absolute differential electron-molecule (atom) scattering cross sections is generally applicable and provides reliable results.

176 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the apparatus and experimental procedures used to obtain total electron scattering cross sections are described, and results are presented for He, Ne, Ar and Xe in the 4-300 eV incident energy range, together with statistical errors.
Abstract: The apparatus and experimental procedures used to obtain total electron scattering cross sections are described, and results are presented for He, Ne, Ar and Xe in the 4-300 eV incident energy range, together with statistical errors The results are generally found to be in good agreement with previous data except at low impact energies Serious discrepancies remain in Xe below 20 eV impact energy

124 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors derived total electronic state excitation cross sections and upper limits for dissociation cross sections, which in the case of CH4 should very closely equal the actual dissociation crossing section.
Abstract: Available electron collision cross section data concerning total and elastic scattering, vibrational excitation, and ionization for O2, CO, and CH4 have been critically reviewed, and a set of cross sections for modeling of planetary atmospheric behavior is recommended. Utilizing these recommended cross sections, we derived total electronic state excitation cross sections and upper limits for dissociation cross sections, which in the case of CH4 should very closely equal the actual dissociation cross section.

65 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, absolute elastic differential scattering cross sections (DCS) for electron impact on CO and N2 in the energy range 20-100 eV and angular range 20 -120' were reported.
Abstract: This paper reports absolute elastic differential scattering cross sections (DCS) for electron impact on CO and N2 in the energy range 20-100 eV and angular range 20-120'. The results are obtained using a relative flow technique in which the DCS of CO is compared with that of helium at each angle and energy and the DCS of N2 is compared directly with the DCS of CO. The results of elastic DCS of neon are presented as a check on the experimental procedure.

60 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, total cross sections have been measured for electron scattering on Kr, O2 and CO in the 5-300 eV energy range utilizing a linear attenuation technique and the present results are found to be in good agreement with other experimental data for Kr and CO but deviate significantly from some of the previous measurements in the case of O2.
Abstract: Total cross sections have been measured for electron scattering on Kr, O2 and CO in the 5-300 eV energy range utilizing a linear attenuation technique. The present results are found to be in good agreement with other experimental data for Kr and CO but deviate significantly from some of the previous measurements in the case of O2.

33 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, cross section data have been compiled for electron collisions with hydrogen molecules based on 71 references, collected and reviewed for total scattering, elastic scattering, momentum transfer, excitations of rotational, vibrational, and electronic states, dissociation, ionization, emission of radiation, and dissociative attachment.
Abstract: Cross section data have been compiled for electron collisions with hydrogen molecules based on 71 references. Cross sections are collected and reviewed for total scattering, elastic scattering, momentum transfer, excitations of rotational, vibrational, and electronic states, dissociation, ionization, emission of radiation, and dissociative attachment. For each process, the recommended values of the cross section are presented for use. The literature has been surveyed through the end of 2006.

304 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Experimental collision cross-sections for electron-molecule scattering processes at low to intermediate energies (meV-100 eV ) are compiled and critically reviewed in this paper, where the authors discuss the effect of resonance effects in the context of the enhancement they produce in the various scattering cross-sectional.

285 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors collected and reviewed cross section data for electron collisions with oxygen molecules, including total and elastic scatterings, momentum transfer, excitations of rotational, vibrational, and electronic states, dissociation, ionization, electron attachment, and emission of radiations.
Abstract: Cross section data are collected and reviewed for electron collisions with oxygen molecules. Included are the cross sections for total and elastic scatterings, momentum transfer, excitations of rotational, vibrational, and electronic states, dissociation, ionization, electron attachment, and emission of radiations. For each process, the recommended values of the cross sections are presented, when possible. The literature has been surveyed through the end of 2007.

283 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of experimental and theoretical approaches to the study of negative-ion resonances is given together with a consideration of the various schemes that are used for their classification in this paper, where the authors also highlight regularities in their behavior both within groups of the periodic table and along isoionic sequences.
Abstract: The authors attempt to give a comprehensive discussion of observations of atomic negative-ion resonances throughout the periodic table. A review of experimental and theoretical approaches to the study of negative-ion resonances is given together with a consideration of the various schemes that are used for their classification. In addition to providing, where possible, tabulated data for the energies, widths, and symmetries of these states, the authors also attempt to highlight regularities in their behavior both within groups of the periodic table and along isoionic sequences.

271 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the best available data for calculating a complete set of binary collision integral data for the computation of the mixture transport properties (viscosity, thermal conductivity, and ordinary and thermal diffusion) of 13-species weakly ionized air is presented.
Abstract: Ar eview of the best-available data for calculating a complete set of binary collision integral data for the computation of the mixture transport properties (viscosity, thermal conductivity, and ordinary and thermal diffusion) of 13-species weakly ionized air is presented. Although the fidelity of the data varies, all collision integrals presented herein, except for electron-neutral interactions, are estimated to be accurate to within 25% over the temperature range of interest (300‐15,000 K) for reentry and laboratory plasmas. In addition, most of the dominant atom‐atom and atom‐ion interactions for dissociated weakly ionized air were derived from ab initio methods that are estimated to be accurate to within 10%. The accuracy and valid temperature range for electron-neutral interactions vary because of scarcity of the required cross-sectional data.

266 citations