Effects of rows arrangement, soil management, and rainfall characteristics on water and soil losses in Italian sloping vineyards

Water availability is endangering the production, quality, and economic viability of growing wine grapes worldwide. Climate change projections reveal warming and drying trends for the upcoming decades, constraining the sustainability of viticulture. In this context, a great research effort over the last years has been devoted to understanding the effects of water stress on grapevine performance. Moreover, irrigation scheduling and other management practices have been tested in order to alleviate the deleterious effects of water stress on wine production. The current manuscript provides a comprehensive overview of the advances in the research on optimizing water management in vineyards, including the use of novel technologies (modeling, remote sensing). In addition, methods for assessing vine water status are summarized. Moreover, the manuscript will focus on the interactions between grapevine water status and biotic stressors. Finally, future perspectives for research are provided. These include the performance of multifactorial studies accounting for the interrelations between water availability and other stressors, the development of a cost-effective and easy-to-use tool for assessing vine water status, and the study of less-known cultivars under different soil and climate conditions.

/pdf/optimization-of-vineyard-water-management-challenges-3e2b9tga8j.pdf

Optimization of Vineyard Water Management: Challenges, Strategies, and Perspectives

In many areas of the world, maintaining grapevine production will require adaptation to climate change. While rigorous evaluations of adaptation strategies provide decision makers with valuable insights, those that are published often overlook major constraints, ignore local adaptive capacity, and suffer from a compartmentalization of disciplines and scales. The objective of our study was to identify current knowledge of evaluation methods and their limitations, reported in the literature. We reviewed 111 papers that evaluate adaptation strategies in the main vineyards worldwide. Evaluation approaches are analyzed through key features (e.g., climate data sources, methodology, evaluation criteria) to discuss their ability to address climate change issues, and to identify promising outcomes for climate change adaptations. We highlight the fact that combining adaptation levers in the short and long term (location, vine training, irrigation, soil, and canopy management, etc.) enables local compromises to be reached between future water availability and grapevine productivity. The main findings of the paper are three-fold: (1) the evaluation of a combination of adaptation strategies provides better solutions for adapting to climate change; (2) multi-scale studies allow local constraints and opportunities to be considered; and (3) only a small number of studies have developed multi-scale and multi-lever approaches to quantify feasibility and effectiveness of adaptation. In addition, we found that climate data sources were not systematically clearly presented, and that climate uncertainty was hardly accounted for. Moreover, only a small number of studies have assessed the economic impacts of adaptation, especially at farm scale. We conclude that the development of methodologies to evaluate adaptation strategies, considering both complementary adaptations and scales, is essential if relevant information is to be provided to the decision-makers of the wine industry.

/pdf/evaluating-strategies-for-adaptation-to-climate-change-in-3iy0k6h3j3.pdf

Evaluating Strategies for Adaptation to Climate Change in Grapevine Production-A Systematic Review.

https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02156533/document

Spatial complexity and temporal dynamics in viticulture: A review of climate-driven scales

Different technological solutions are developing in the wine industry to mitigate the negative effects of the current global warming to mainly achieve wines with a lower alcohol content. These proposed solutions mostly act at the oenological level and are focused on intervening in the raw material to be transformed; that is, on reducing the concentration of sugar in the must using filtration techniques or also on wine dealcoholizing by physical processes. These techniques are intended to offer solutions and respond to new consumer expectations, but they may be considered too artificial to be widely accepted. In this way, viticultural strategies may offer a natural solution to obtain grapes with low sugar content, maximizing their quality by delaying ripening. This mini review surveys the viticultural strategies that can be applied in the establishment of a vineyard - that is, when it comes to planting of a new vineyard - such as vineyard altitude, latitude, orientation, and slope, as well as rootstock, variety, clone, training system, and row orientation and slope, with the aim to mitigate the negative effects of climate change on grape and wine quality and to delay grape maturation. Finally, we propose a ponderation of the strategies discussed to contextualize its importance to face global warming in viticulture. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.

Strategies in vineyard establishment to face global warming in viticulture: a mini review

Vineyard row orientation of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Shiraz/101-14 Mgt: Climatic profiles and vine physiological status

Integrating Geographic Information Systems and hemispherical photography in the assessment of canopy light profiles in a vineyard

Information System (PVGIS ©European Communities, 2001– 2017) had been developed from solar radiation data estimated from satellite using the Satellite Application Facility on Climate Monitoring (CM SAF) models, representing the period 1996-2011. In areas North of 58° N the data are derived from ground station measurements collected within the European Solar Radiation Atlas and interpolated spatially. The PVGIS service allows to simulate the photovoltaic potential of a PV system, according to the site location and horizon mask, the PV technology, installed pick power, yield and energy losses, as well as mounting options like slope (0=horizontal 90=vertical) and azimuth (-90=oriented to the East, 0= to the South, 90 to the West, + or -180 to the North). Several webtools, available from the PVGIS online service, can be used in viticulture. In particular, the “Show horizon” option allows the calculation of both the astronomic and topographic sunrise, sunset, maximum potential day length, on a sunny day with no cloud cover [12]. PVGIS: a free online solar photovoltaic calculator tool to optimise light harvesting in viticulture

/pdf/pvgis-a-free-online-solar-photovoltaic-calculator-tool-to-4trlamykd1.pdf

J.J. Hunter

Papers

Vineyard row orientation of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Shiraz/101-14 Mgt: Climatic profiles and vine physiological status

Integrating Geographic Information Systems and hemispherical photography in the assessment of canopy light profiles in a vineyard

PVGIS: a free online solar photovoltaic calculator tool to optimise light harvesting in viticulture