Author
J. O. Strom-Olsen
Bio: J. O. Strom-Olsen is an academic researcher from McGill University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Amorphous metal & Crystallization. The author has an hindex of 29, co-authored 62 publications receiving 4405 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors show how reducing structure, catalysis and atomic reactions to the nano-scale may be used in a systematic way to substantially enhance the hydrogenation properties of metal hydrides.
Abstract: We show how reducing structure, catalysis and atomic reactions to the nano-scale may be used in a systematic way to substantially enhance the hydrogenation properties of metal hydrides. We examine, with examples from a wide range of hydrides, the direct impact of nano-scale structure, subsequent improvements in kinetics through nano-scale solid state catalysis, the special properties of nano-composites, and the role played by nano-scale reactions.
562 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the thermodynamics and kinetics of hydride formation in a nanocrystalline alloy are presented, as well as the effect of catalyst particles at the surface of the metal.
408 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a remarkable enhancement of hydrogen desorption kinetics has been found for magnesium-based materials, ball-milled in the hydrogenated state, enabling the mixture to operate at temperatures of 220°C-240°C, with excellent absorption/desorption Kinetics and with total hydrogen capacity exceeding 5 wt%.
313 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the hydrogen storage characteristics of nanocrystalline Mg2Ni with grain sizes of about 20-30 nm were investigated and improvements were found in the kinetics of hydrogen absorption and in the activation pretreatment.
295 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that sodium alanates may be used for reversible hydrogen storage, with the advantage of having high storage capacity combined with low cost, and two complementary techniques have been used: improvement of the reaction kinetics by mechanical grinding, and chemical modification of the alloys.
250 citations
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TL;DR: Spintronics, or spin electronics, involves the study of active control and manipulation of spin degrees of freedom in solid-state systems as discussed by the authors, where the primary focus is on the basic physical principles underlying the generation of carrier spin polarization, spin dynamics, and spin-polarized transport.
Abstract: Spintronics, or spin electronics, involves the study of active control and manipulation of spin degrees of freedom in solid-state systems. This article reviews the current status of this subject, including both recent advances and well-established results. The primary focus is on the basic physical principles underlying the generation of carrier spin polarization, spin dynamics, and spin-polarized transport in semiconductors and metals. Spin transport differs from charge transport in that spin is a nonconserved quantity in solids due to spin-orbit and hyperfine coupling. The authors discuss in detail spin decoherence mechanisms in metals and semiconductors. Various theories of spin injection and spin-polarized transport are applied to hybrid structures relevant to spin-based devices and fundamental studies of materials properties. Experimental work is reviewed with the emphasis on projected applications, in which external electric and magnetic fields and illumination by light will be used to control spin and charge dynamics to create new functionalities not feasible or ineffective with conventional electronics.
9,158 citations
TL;DR: Recent developments in the search for innovative materials with high hydrogen-storage capacity are presented.
Abstract: Mobility — the transport of people and goods — is a socioeconomic reality that will surely increase in the coming years. It should be safe, economic and reasonably clean. Little energy needs to be expended to overcome potential energy changes, but a great deal is lost through friction (for cars about 10 kWh per 100 km) and low-efficiency energy conversion. Vehicles can be run either by connecting them to a continuous supply of energy or by storing energy on board. Hydrogen would be ideal as a synthetic fuel because it is lightweight, highly abundant and its oxidation product (water) is environmentally benign, but storage remains a problem. Here we present recent developments in the search for innovative materials with high hydrogen-storage capacity.
7,414 citations
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28 Sep 2004TL;DR: Mechanical Alloying (MA) is a solid-state powder processng technique involving repeated welding, fracturing, and rewelding of powder particles in a high-energy ball mill as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Mechanical alloying (MA) is a solid-state powder processng technique involving repeated welding, fracturing, and rewelding of powder particles in a high-energy ball mill. Originally developed to produce oxide-dispersion strengthened (ODS) nickel- and iron-base superalloys for applications in the aerospace industry, MA has now been shown to be capable of synthesizing a variety of equilibrium and non-equilibrium alloy phases starting from blended elemental or prealloyed powders. The non-equilibrium phases synthesized include supersaturated solid solutions, metastable crystalline and quasicrystalline phases, nanostructures, and amorphous alloys. Recent advances in these areas and also on disordering of ordered intermetallics and mechanochemical synthesis of materials have been critically reviewed after discussing the process and process variables involved in MA. The often vexing problem of powder contamination has been analyzed and methods have been suggested to avoid/minimize it. The present understanding of the modeling of the MA process has also been discussed. The present and potential applications of MA are described. Wherever possible, comparisons have been made on the product phases obtained by MA with those of rapid solidification processing, another non-equilibrium processing technique.
3,773 citations
TL;DR: A review of metal hydrides on properties including hydrogen-storage capacity, kinetics, cyclic behavior, toxicity, pressure and thermal response is presented in this article, where a group of Mg-based hydride stand as promising candidate for competitive hydrogen storage with reversible hydrogen capacity up to 7.6 W% for on-board applications.
2,890 citations
TL;DR: This poster presents a probabilistic simulation of the response of the immune system to EMT and shows clear patterns of decline in the number of immune checkpoints during EMT treatment.
Abstract: Note: Times Cited: 875 Reference EPFL-ARTICLE-206025doi:10.1021/cr0501846View record in Web of Science URL: ://WOS:000249839900009 Record created on 2015-03-03, modified on 2017-05-12
1,821 citations