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J. P. Remeika

Bio: J. P. Remeika is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Barium titanate. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 246 citations.

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the spontaneous polarization of ferroelectric Bi4Ti3O12 was shown to be monoclinic point group m at 25°C, where m is the number of points in the a−c plane.
Abstract: The symmetry of ferroelectric Bi4Ti3O12 is shown to be monoclinic point group m. The spontaneous polarization PS is approx 50 μC/cm2 at 25°C and lies in the monoclinic a‐c plane at an angle of less than 5 deg from the plane of the crystal sheets. A complete determination of the optical indicatrix as a function of temperature is given. Switching for fields along the c axis occurs by a unique ``rocking'' of the large PS vector and leads to interesting electrical‐optical behavior. The domain structure is quite complex, and observed wall orientations are compared with those predicted theoretically.

760 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A critical review that encompasses the fundamentals and state-of-the-art knowledge of barium titanate-based piezoelectrics is presented in this paper, where a detailed compilation of their functional and mechanical properties is provided.
Abstract: We present a critical review that encompasses the fundamentals and state-of-the-art knowledge of barium titanate-based piezoelectrics. First, the essential crystallography, thermodynamic relations, and concepts necessary to understand piezoelectricity and ferroelectricity in barium titanate are discussed. Strategies to optimize piezoelectric properties through microstructure control and chemical modification are also introduced. Thereafter, we systematically review the synthesis, microstructure, and phase diagrams of barium titanate-based piezoelectrics and provide a detailed compilation of their functional and mechanical properties. The most salient materials treated include the (Ba,Ca)(Zr,Ti)O3, (Ba,Ca)(Sn,Ti)O3, and (Ba,Ca)(Hf,Ti)O3 solid solution systems. The technological relevance of barium titanate-based piezoelectrics is also discussed and some potential market indicators are outlined. Finally, perspectives on productive lines of future research and promising areas for the applications of these ma...

697 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a reactive TGG (RTGGG) was used to obtain highly oriented Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3, Sr0.53Ba0.47Nb 2O6, and (N...
Abstract: Crystallographic texturing of polycrystalline ferroelectric ceramics offers a means of achieving significant enhancements in the piezoelectric response. Templated grain growth (TGG) enables the fabrication of textured ceramics with single crystal-like properties, as well as single crystals. In TGG, nucleation and growth of the desired crystal on aligned single crystal template particles results in an increased fraction of oriented material with heating. To facilitate alignment during forming, template particles must be anisometric in shape. To serve as the preferred sites for epitaxy and subsequent oriented growth of the matrix, the template particles need to be single crystal and chemically stable up to the growth temperature. Besides templating the growth process, the template particles may also serve as seed sites for phase formation of a reactive matrix. This process, referred to as Reactive TGG (RTGG), has been used to obtain highly oriented Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3, Sr0.53Ba0.47Nb2O6, and (N...

465 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The use of fluorides either as coatings or in the formation of oxyfluorides has resulted in a marked increase of the stability and morphological development of electrodes for use in nonaqueous lithium and lithium-ion batteries as discussed by the authors.

417 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the room temperature reflectivity of BaTi${\mathrm{O}}_{3}, SrTi${O}µ, and Ti$µµ µ has been measured and characterized by their dispersion parameters.
Abstract: The room temperature reflectivity of BaTi${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, SrTi${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, and Ti${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ has been measured from 5000 to 70 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. These data have been analyzed by the Kramers-Kronig method and by classical dispersion theory. All of the infrared-active fundamental vibrations allowed by crystal symmetry have been measured and characterized by their dispersion parameters. Of particular interest is the low-frequency mode which recent theories show is responsible for ferroelectricity in BaTi${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ and SrTi${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ and is found at 33.8 and 87.7 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, respectively. The unusually large damping found for this mode can explain the observed microwave loss tangents. The strength of the mode accounts for the large values of the low-frequency dielectric constant. This mode, as well as the highest frequency mode, 510 and 546 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ in BaTi${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ and SrTi${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, respectively, is associated with Ti${\mathrm{O}}_{6}$ octahedra vibrations. A previously unreported mode at 183 and 178 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ for BaTi${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ and SrTi${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, respectively, has also been found and assigned to a cation-(Ti${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$) vibration. In rutile, three resonances are observed for the ordinary ray and one for the extraordinary ray, as required by theory. As with the titanates, the high dielectric constant is associated with the low-frequency mode. An analysis of the strengths of all of the resonances shows that they involve resonable effective charges for ionic crystals.

413 citations