J. Stephen Downie

Bio: J. Stephen Downie is an academic researcher from University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. The author has contributed to research in topics: Music information retrieval & Digital library. The author has an hindex of 30, co-authored 164 publications receiving 4135 citations. Previous affiliations of J. Stephen Downie include University of Western Ontario & National Center for Supercomputing Applications.

The impact of MIREX on scholarly research (2005-2010)

Abstract: This paper explores the impact of the MIREX (Music Information Retrieval Evaluation eXchange) evaluation initiative on scholarly research. Impact is assessed through a bibliometric evaluation of both the MIREX extended abstracts and the papers citing the MIREX results, the trial framework and methodology, or MIREX datasets. Impact is examined through number of publications and citation analysis. We further explore the primary publication venues for MIREX results, the geographic distribution of both MIREX contributors and researchers citing MIREX results, and the spread of MIREX-based research beyond the MIREX contributor teams. This analysis indicates that research in this area is highly collaborative, has achieved an international dissemination, and has grown to have a significant profile in the research literature.

Building Complex Research Collections in Digital Libraries: A Survey of Ontology Implications

Abstract: Bibliographic metadata standards are a longstanding mechanism for Digital Libraries to manage records and express relationships between them. As digital scholarship, particularly in the humanities, incorporates and manipulates these records in an increasingly direct manner, existing systems are proving insufficient for providing the underlying addressability and relational expressivity required to construct and interact with complex research collections. In this paper we describe motivations for these "worksets" and the technical requirements they raise. We survey the coverage of existing bibliographic ontologies in the context of meeting these scholarly needs, and finally provide an illustrated discussion of potential extensions that might fully realize a solution.

An e-Research approach to Web-scale music analysis

Abstract: The growing quantity of digital recorded music available in large-scale resources such as the Internet archive provides an important new resource for musical analysis. An e-Research approach has been adopted in order to create a very substantive web-accessible corpus of musical analyses in a common framework for use by music scholars, students and beyond, and to establish a methodology and tooling that will enable others to add to the resource in the future. The enabling infrastructure brings together scientific workflow and Semantic Web technologies with a set of algorithms and tools for extracting features from recorded music. It has been used to deliver a prototype system, described here, that demonstrates the utility of LINKED DATA for enhancing the curation of collections of music signal data for analysis and publishing results that can be simply and readily correlated to these and other sources. This paper describes the motivation, infrastructure design and the proof-of-concept case study and reflects on emerging e-Research practice as researchers embrace the scale of the Web.

Informetric analysis of a music database

Abstract: We analyse the statistical properties a database of musical notes for the purpose of designing an information retrieval system as part of the Musifind project. In order to reduce the amount of musical information we convert the database to the intervals between notes, which will make the database easier to search. We also investigate a further simplification by creating equivalence classes of musical intervals which also increases the resilience of searches to errors in the query. The Zipf, Zipf-Mandelbrot, Generalized Waring (GW) and Generalized Inverse Gaussian-Poisson (GIGP) distributions are tested against these various representations with the GIGP distribution providing the best overall fit for the data. There are many similarities with text databases, especially those with short bibliographic records. There are also some differences, particularly in the highest frequency intervals which occur with a much lower frequency than the highest frequency “stopwords” in a text database. This provides evidence to support the hypothesis that traditional text retrieval methods will work for a music database.

Content-based multimedia information retrieval: State of the art and challenges

Abstract: Extending beyond the boundaries of science, art, and culture, content-based multimedia information retrieval provides new paradigms and methods for searching through the myriad variety of media all over the world. This survey reviews 100p recent articles on content-based multimedia information retrieval and discusses their role in current research directions which include browsing and search paradigms, user studies, affective computing, learning, semantic queries, new features and media types, high performance indexing, and evaluation techniques. Based on the current state of the art, we discuss the major challenges for the future.

Looking for Information: A Survey of Research on Information Seeking, Needs and Behavior

Abstract: Abbreviated Contents Figures and Tables Preface Introduction and Examples Concepts Relevant to Information Behavior Models, Paradigms, and Theories in the Study of Information Behavior Methods for Studying Information Behavior Research Results and Reflections Appendix: Glossary Appendix: Questions for Discussion and Application References Index

Invisible colleges : diffusion of knowledge in scientific communities

Abstract: No wonder you activities are, reading will be always needed. It is not only to fulfil the duties that you need to finish in deadline time. Reading will encourage your mind and thoughts. Of course, reading will greatly develop your experiences about everything. Reading invisible colleges diffusion of knowledge in scientific communities is also a way as one of the collective books that gives many advantages. The advantages are not only for you, but for the other peoples with those meaningful benefits.

Sweet Anticipation: Music and the Psychology of Expectation

Abstract: A theory of expectations is used to explain how music evokes various emotions for readers interested in cognitive science and evolutionary psychology as well as music. The psychological theory of expectation that David Huron proposes in "Sweet Anticipation" grew out of experimental efforts to understand how music evokes emotions. These efforts evolved into a general theory of expectation that will prove informative to readers interested in cognitive science and evolutionary psychology as well as those interested in music. The book describes a set of psychological mechanisms and illustrates how these mechanisms work in the case of music. All examples of notated music can be heard on the Web. Huron proposes that emotions evoked by expectation involve five functionally distinct response systems: reactive responses (which engage defensive reflexes); tension responses (where uncertainty leads to stress); predictive responses (which reward accurate prediction); imaginative responses (which facilitate deferred gratification); and appraisal responses (which occur after conscious thought is engaged). For real-world events, these five response systems typically produce a complex mixture of feelings. The book identifies some of the aesthetic possibilities afforded by expectation, and shows how common musical devices (such as syncopation, cadence, meter, tonality, and climax) exploit the psychological opportunities. The theory also provides new insights into the physiological psychology of awe, laughter, and "spine-tingling chills." Huron traces the psychology of expectations from the patterns of the physical/cultural world through imperfectly learned heuristics used to predict that world to the phenomenal qualia experienced by those who apprehend the world.