J. Stephen Downie

Bio: J. Stephen Downie is an academic researcher from University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. The author has contributed to research in topics: Music information retrieval & Digital library. The author has an hindex of 30, co-authored 164 publications receiving 4135 citations. Previous affiliations of J. Stephen Downie include University of Western Ontario & National Center for Supercomputing Applications.

Swinging Triples: Bridging Jazz Performance Datasets using Linked Data

Abstract: The jazz performance metadata prototype JazzCats:Jazz Collection of Aggregated Triples uses Linked Data to bridge four discrete jazz music datasets: Linked Jazz, with prosopographical and interpersonal information about musicians; the Weimar Jazz Database (WJazzD), containing musicological metadata; a discography of the jazz standard BodyS and J-DISC, a fourth independent but complementary and extensive discographic project. Through the use of custom-built ontological structures the data, originally stored in various different information structures, has been converted to RDF and merged together in a single triplestore. The result is a new digital resource that can be used to support and enrich scholarship and research in musicology and performance studies.

Assessing the practicality of ARK identifier usage in a catalogue of medieval manuscripts

Abstract: In data management, the use of identifiers is essential for disambiguation and referencing. The scope of the use of identifiers varies. For example, disambiguation within an institution using integer identifiers may be sufficient for operational procedures, whereas digital scholarship using global resources relies on universally unique identifiers. In this paper we investigate practical routes to globally unique identifiers for the medieval manuscripts of the Bodleian Library. The Oxford Linked Open Data (OxLOD) and Mapping Manuscript Migrations (MMM) projects require unique identifiers for the transformation of the medieval manuscripts catalogue into linked data, in an effort to increase discoverability and consistency across platforms. We consider how Archival Resource Keys (ARKs), a type of URI, can be applied to the Medieval Manuscript catalog as well as determining how ARKs can support MMM's research goals. We begin with examining the Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) catalogue records to under-stand the data provided and identify and describe entities which do not presently have identifiers. Further, we evaluate ARKs for producing identifiers, prioritizing those which are required to answer common research questions.

Networked Environment for Music Analysis (NEMA): PHASE I

Abstract: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Phase I of the Networked Environment for Music Analysis (NEMA) framework project is a multinational, multidisciplinary cyberinfrastructure project for music information processing that builds upon and extends the music information retrieval research being conducted by the International Music Information (UIUC). NEMA brings together the collective projects and the associated tools of six world leaders in the domains of music information retrieval (MIR), computational musicology (CM) and e-humanities research. The NEMA team aims to create an open and extensible webservice-based resource framework that facilitates the integration of music data and analytic/evaluative tools that can be used by the global MIR and CM research and education communities on a basis independent of time or location. To help achieve this goal, the NEMA team will be working cooperatively with the UIUC-based, Mellon-funded, Software Environment for the Advancement of Scholarly Research (SEASR) project to exploit SEASR's expertise and technologies in the domains of data mining and webservice-based resource framework development. The Networked Environment for Music Analysis (NEMA) project was inspired by the lessons learned over the course of the Mellon-funded Music Information Retrieval/Music Digital Library Evaluation Project (2003-2007) being led by Downie and his IMIRSEL team at UIUC [JSD1-2] 1. Downie's experience in running the annual Music Information Retrieval Evaluation eXchange (MIREX) [JSD3-4] on behalf of the MIR community has brought to the fore three important issues that have a direct impact on the present NEMA proposal. The automation, distribution and integration of MIR and CM research tool development, evaluation and use are but some of the important issues being addressed under the NEMA rubric. The amount of human effort required to run and then evaluate the MIR algorithms 2 submitted to MIREX each year is becoming a limiting factor on the growth and sustainability of MIREX. Thus, new techniques are needed to automate and to distribute (both physically and temporally) the cyclic processes of system set up, evaluation, revision and follow-up evaluation, etc. As explained in [JSD4] the current setup has shown the following weaknesses: 1 The IMIRSEL lab is located within UIUC's Graduate School of Library and Information Science (GSLIS). 2 There have been a total of 316 algorithm runs for MIREX 2005, MIREX 2006, and MIREX 2007. 2 1. The time constraints imposed by constant debugging of code have made the rerunning of previous evaluation tasks difficult (which hinders meaningful comparisons across years). 2. The participating labs only see …

Content-based multimedia information retrieval: State of the art and challenges

Abstract: Extending beyond the boundaries of science, art, and culture, content-based multimedia information retrieval provides new paradigms and methods for searching through the myriad variety of media all over the world. This survey reviews 100p recent articles on content-based multimedia information retrieval and discusses their role in current research directions which include browsing and search paradigms, user studies, affective computing, learning, semantic queries, new features and media types, high performance indexing, and evaluation techniques. Based on the current state of the art, we discuss the major challenges for the future.

Looking for Information: A Survey of Research on Information Seeking, Needs and Behavior

Abstract: Abbreviated Contents Figures and Tables Preface Introduction and Examples Concepts Relevant to Information Behavior Models, Paradigms, and Theories in the Study of Information Behavior Methods for Studying Information Behavior Research Results and Reflections Appendix: Glossary Appendix: Questions for Discussion and Application References Index

Invisible colleges : diffusion of knowledge in scientific communities

Abstract: No wonder you activities are, reading will be always needed. It is not only to fulfil the duties that you need to finish in deadline time. Reading will encourage your mind and thoughts. Of course, reading will greatly develop your experiences about everything. Reading invisible colleges diffusion of knowledge in scientific communities is also a way as one of the collective books that gives many advantages. The advantages are not only for you, but for the other peoples with those meaningful benefits.

Sweet Anticipation: Music and the Psychology of Expectation

Abstract: A theory of expectations is used to explain how music evokes various emotions for readers interested in cognitive science and evolutionary psychology as well as music. The psychological theory of expectation that David Huron proposes in "Sweet Anticipation" grew out of experimental efforts to understand how music evokes emotions. These efforts evolved into a general theory of expectation that will prove informative to readers interested in cognitive science and evolutionary psychology as well as those interested in music. The book describes a set of psychological mechanisms and illustrates how these mechanisms work in the case of music. All examples of notated music can be heard on the Web. Huron proposes that emotions evoked by expectation involve five functionally distinct response systems: reactive responses (which engage defensive reflexes); tension responses (where uncertainty leads to stress); predictive responses (which reward accurate prediction); imaginative responses (which facilitate deferred gratification); and appraisal responses (which occur after conscious thought is engaged). For real-world events, these five response systems typically produce a complex mixture of feelings. The book identifies some of the aesthetic possibilities afforded by expectation, and shows how common musical devices (such as syncopation, cadence, meter, tonality, and climax) exploit the psychological opportunities. The theory also provides new insights into the physiological psychology of awe, laughter, and "spine-tingling chills." Huron traces the psychology of expectations from the patterns of the physical/cultural world through imperfectly learned heuristics used to predict that world to the phenomenal qualia experienced by those who apprehend the world.