Jacques Melitz

TL;DR: This article reviewed and reassessed the methodology and principal findings of the "Rose effect", i.e., the trade effects of currency union, looking at both EMU and non-EMU currency unions.

TL;DR: The authors proposed separate series for a common language depending upon whether ease of communication facilitates trade through translation or the ability to communicate directly, and examined the effect of two country-specific linguistic influences on trade: literacy and linguistic diversity at home.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors construct new series for common native language and common spoken language for 195 countries, which they use together with series for the common official language and linguis-tic proximity in order to draw inferences about the aggregate impact of all linguistic factors on bilateral trade, whether the linguistic influences come from ethnicity and trust or ease of communication, and in so far they come from ease-of-communication, to what extent trans-lation and interpreters play a role.

TL;DR: The authors constructed new series for common native language and common spoken language for 195 countries, which they used together with series for Common official language and linguistic proximity in order to draw inferences about the aggregate impact of all linguistic factors on bilateral trade, the separate role of ease of communication as distinct from ethnicity and trust, and the contribution of translation and interpreters to ease of communications.

TL;DR: Darby and Melitz as mentioned in this paper conducted an empirical analysis of 21 OECD countries from 1982 to 2003 and found that age and health-related social expenditure as well as incapacity and sick benefits all react to the cycle in a stabilizing manner.