Author
Jae Sik Yu
Other affiliations: Kangwon National University
Bio: Jae Sik Yu is an academic researcher from Sungkyunkwan University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Withania somnifera & Chemistry. The author has an hindex of 13, co-authored 60 publications receiving 493 citations. Previous affiliations of Jae Sik Yu include Kangwon National University.
Topics: Withania somnifera, Chemistry, Withanolide, Ginseng, Medicine
Papers
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TL;DR: Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the KRG extract revealed that its ethyl acetate–soluble fraction exerts significant cytotoxic activity against all human lung cancer cell lines tested by inducing apoptosis, providing experimental evidence for a novel biological activity of ginsenoside Rg3 againsthuman lung cancer cells.
56 citations
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17 Sep 2020TL;DR: Findings show that betalain colorants may be a promising alternative to the synthetic dyes currently used as food additives.
Abstract: Anthocyanins, betalains, riboflavin, carotenoids, chlorophylls and caramel are the basic natural food colorants used in modern food manufacture. Betalains, which are composed of red–violet betacyanin and yellow betaxanthins, are water-soluble pigments that color flowers and fruits. Betalains are pigments primarily produced by plants of the order Caryophyllales. Because of their anti-inflammatory, cognitive impairment, anticancer and anti-hepatitis properties, betalains are useful as pharmaceutical agents and dietary supplements. Betalains also exhibit antimicrobial and antimalarial effects, and as an example, betalain-rich Amaranthus spinosus displays prominent antimalarial activity. Studies also confirmed the antidiabetic effect of betalains, which reduced glycemia by 40% without causing weight loss or liver impairment. These findings show that betalain colorants may be a promising alternative to the synthetic dyes currently used as food additives.
52 citations
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TL;DR: Phytochemical screening of the extract of W. uniflora found three new phenolic compounds, including woodfordiamycin, woodfordic acid, and rhamnetin 3-O-(6″-galloyl)-β-d-glucopyranoside, which showed antifungal activity against human fungal pathogens Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida albicans.
Abstract: Woodfordia uniflora is a flowering shrub unique to the Dhofar region of Oman and is used locally as a sedative and remedy for skin infection. However, no study to date has examined the pharmacological properties of this plant, and studies regarding phytochemicals present in W. uniflora are limited. Herein, phytochemical screening of the extract of W. uniflora was performed using LC/MS. Three new phenolic compounds, (±)-woodfordiamycin (1), woodfordic acid (2), and rhamnetin 3-O-(6″-galloyl)-β-d-glucopyranoside (3), together with 16 known compounds 4-19, were isolated from the antifungal fraction of the extract. The structures of the new compounds were established by NMR and HR-MS data, and their absolute configurations were established using chemical transformations, including Mosher's method, comparison of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism data, and gauge-including atomic orbital NMR chemical shift calculations, followed by DP4+ analysis. The isolated compounds (1-19) were tested for antifungal activity against human fungal pathogens Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida albicans. Compounds (±)-1 and 8 showed antifungal activity against C. neoformans, with the lowest minimum inhibitory concentrations of 1.8-1.9 μM, which was ∼10-fold lower than that of the currently available antifungal drug fluconazole, while (±)-1, 8, and 19 showed antifungal activity against C. albicans.
34 citations
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TL;DR: The study of a Hawaiian volcanic soil-associated fungal strain Penicillium herquei FT729 led to the isolation of one unprecedented benzoquinone-chromanone, herqueilenone A and two phenalenone derivatives, whose structures were determined through extensive analysis of NMR spectroscopic data and gauge-including atomic orbital (GIAO) NMR chemical shifts and ECD calculations.
32 citations
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TL;DR: Results suggest that compound 1 could be beneficial in human cervical cancer treatment, and provide a theoretical basis for further application of compound 1.
32 citations
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22 Apr 2012TL;DR: In this article, the electromagnetic spectrum in Figure 1 illustrates the many different types of electromagnetic radiation, including gamma rays (γ-rays), X-rays, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, visible light, infrared (IR), microwaves, and radio waves.
Abstract: Spectroscopy is the study of matter interacting with electromagnetic radiation (e.g., light). The electromagnetic spectrum in Figure 1 illustrates the many different types of electromagnetic radiation, including gamma rays (γ-rays), X-rays, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, visible light, infrared (IR) radiation, microwaves, and radio waves. The frequency (ν) and wavelength (λ) ranges associated with each form of radiant energy are also indicated in Figure 1.
849 citations
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Mae Fah Luang University1, Chiang Mai University2, Chinese Academy of Sciences3, Ruhr University Bochum4, DSM5, Landcare Research6, Botanic Garden Meise7, University of Tsukuba8, University of Toronto9, New York Botanical Garden10, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad11, Russian Academy of Sciences12, Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University13, Beijing Forestry University14, Ghent University15, University of Amsterdam16, Federal University of Bahia17, Université catholique de Louvain18, Eötvös Loránd University19, West Bengal State University20, University of Miami21, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology22, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina23, Federal University of Pernambuco24, University of Salamanca25, Purdue University26, Sewanee: The University of the South27, University of Pennsylvania28, Hachinohe Institute of Technology29, Clark University30, Seoul National University31, São Paulo Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology32, Royal Ontario Museum33, University of Gothenburg34, National Museum of Natural History35, American Museum of Natural History36, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte37, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria38, Instituto Politécnico Nacional39, University of Turin40, Federal University of Paraíba41, University of Tübingen42, Southwest Forestry University43, Royal Botanic Gardens44
TL;DR: Divergence times as additional criterion in ranking provide additional evidence to resolve taxonomic problems in the Basidiomycota taxonomic system, and also provide a better understanding of their phylogeny and evolution.
Abstract: The Basidiomycota constitutes a major phylum of the kingdom Fungi and is second in species numbers to the Ascomycota. The present work provides an overview of all validly published, currently used basidiomycete genera to date in a single document. An outline of all genera of Basidiomycota is provided, which includes 1928 currently used genera names, with 1263 synonyms, which are distributed in 241 families, 68 orders, 18 classes and four subphyla. We provide brief notes for each accepted genus including information on classification, number of accepted species, type species, life mode, habitat, distribution, and sequence information. Furthermore, three phylogenetic analyses with combined LSU, SSU, 5.8s, rpb1, rpb2, and ef1 datasets for the subphyla Agaricomycotina, Pucciniomycotina and Ustilaginomycotina are conducted, respectively. Divergence time estimates are provided to the family level with 632 species from 62 orders, 168 families and 605 genera. Our study indicates that the divergence times of the subphyla in Basidiomycota are 406–430 Mya, classes are 211–383 Mya, and orders are 99–323 Mya, which are largely consistent with previous studies. In this study, all phylogenetically supported families were dated, with the families of Agaricomycotina diverging from 27–178 Mya, Pucciniomycotina from 85–222 Mya, and Ustilaginomycotina from 79–177 Mya. Divergence times as additional criterion in ranking provide additional evidence to resolve taxonomic problems in the Basidiomycota taxonomic system, and also provide a better understanding of their phylogeny and evolution.
233 citations
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12 Nov 2019TL;DR: This chapter summarizes the various terpenes, their sources, medicinal properties, mechanism of action, and the recent studies that are underway for designing terpene as a lead molecule in the modern medicine.
Abstract: Terpenes, also known as terpenoids are the largest and most diverse group of naturally occurring compounds. Based on the number of isoprene units they have, they are classified as mono, di, tri, tetra, and sesquiterpenes. They are mostly found in plants and form the major constituent of essential oils from plants. Among the natural products that provide medical benefits for an organism, terpenes play a major and variety of roles. The common plant sources of terpenes are tea, thyme, cannabis, Spanish sage, and citrus fruits (e.g., lemon, orange, mandarin). Terpenes have a wide range of medicinal uses among which antiplasmodial activity is notable as its mechanism of action is similar to the popular antimalarial drug in use—chloroquine. Monoterpenes specifically are widely studied for their antiviral property. With growing incidents of cancer and diabetes in modern world, terpenes also have the potential to serve as anticancer and antidiabetic reagents. Along with these properties, terpenes also allow for flexibility in route of administration and suppression of side effects. Certain terpenes were widely used in natural folk medicine. One such terpene is curcumin which holds anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, antiseptic, antiplasmodial, astringent, digestive, diuretic, and many other properties. Curcumin has also become a recent trend in healthy foods and open doors for several medical researches. This chapter summarizes the various terpenes, their sources, medicinal properties, mechanism of action, and the recent studies that are underway for designing terpenes as a lead molecule in the modern medicine.
192 citations
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TL;DR: Ginseng could be a valuable resource for future drug development; however, further higher quality evidence is required as it may have drug interactions although the available evidence suggests it is a relatively safe product.
185 citations