Author
James E. Specht
Bio: James E. Specht is an academic researcher from United States Department of Agriculture. The author has contributed to research in topics: Chlorophyll & Orientin. The author has an hindex of 2, co-authored 2 publications receiving 14 citations.
Topics: Chlorophyll, Orientin, Melilotus
Papers
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TL;DR: Chemical analysis of seeds and seedlings of the CC and cc genotypes in Melilotus alba indicated that these alleles affect flavonoid biosynthesis, and the C/c alleles controlled the 3′-hydroxylation of flavonoids.
11 citations
01 Jan 1975
3 citations
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01 Jan 1975
TL;DR: In the course of these tracer experiments, it became apparent that a more detailed knowledge of the nature and sequence of the individual biosynthetic steps and their regulation could only be gained by investigations of the enzymes involved as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Interest in the biosynthesis of flavonoids was first stimulated by studies on genetic aspects of flower colour (cf. Harborne, 1967; Hess, 1968) and by chemical speculations on the mode of formation of the carbon skeleton of this class of compounds (Birch and Donovan, 1953; Robinson, 1955); tracer studies were first applied to the problem around 1957. Investigations with intact plants or plant tissues led to a basic knowledge of the precursors required and to an understanding of some details of the biosynthesis of flavonoids. From this, a general picture of the interrelationships between various classes of these compounds has emerged. In the course of these tracer experiments, however, it became apparent that a more detailed knowledge of the nature and sequence of the individual biosynthetic steps and their regulation could only be gained by investigations of the enzymes involved.
100 citations
TL;DR: This review is concerned with variation of flavonoid patterns within species, and eight categories of variation are discussed: qualitatively invariant pigment profiles, 2) quantitative variation, 3) flavonoids races that do not correspond to recognized taxonomic groups, 4) Flavonoid races that does correspond to recognizing taxonomicgroups, 5) flav onoid profile differences between different ploidy levels, 6) differences between organs or between tissues, and 8) environmentally influenced flavonoidal profiles.
Abstract: This review is concerned with variation of flavonoid patterns within species. Many examples of species with invariant flavonoid patterns are known; there are at least as many examples where complex arrays of pigments are known. Eight categories of variation are discussed: 1) qualitatively invariant pigment profiles, 2) quantitative variation, 3) flavonoid races that do not correspond to recognized taxonomic groups, 4) flavonoid races that do correspond to recognized taxonomic groups, 5) flavonoid profile differences between different ploidy levels, 6) differences between organs or between tissues, 7) differences between developmental stages, and 8) environmentally influenced flavonoid profiles. These types of variation seem to occur randomly in the plant kingdom. Members of the same family, or in some cases, the same genus, can display different types of variation. Careful attention to these sources of variation is necessary before flavonoid characters can be used in taxonomic studies.
69 citations
TL;DR: Flavones and anthocyanins were isolated from the leaves and flowers of 14 Ajuga taxa (Lamiaceae), which are all native or naturalized in Japan, and they were chemotaxonomically discussed by their distribution patterns, especially foliar flavonoids.
24 citations