Author
Jane J. Carroll
Bio: Jane J. Carroll is an academic researcher from University of North Carolina at Charlotte. The author has contributed to research in topics: Substance abuse & Counselor education. The author has an hindex of 10, co-authored 15 publications receiving 592 citations.
Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, students in a master's degree program in counseling were asked to report critical incidents that had influenced their development as counselors and participants most frequently cited courses based on experiential learning and field experiences as being influential in their development.
Abstract: Students in a master's degree program in counseling were asked to report critical incidents that had influenced their development as counselors. Participants most frequently cited courses based on experiential learning and field experiences as being influential in their development. Events external to the graduate program also were frequently reported as influencing their professional development.
180 citations
TL;DR: Children of workaholics scored significantly higher on measures of depression and parentification, and they reported parents worked more hours than did parents of children of alcoholics and the comparison group.
Abstract: Investigators examined relationships among levels of depression and parentification in undergraduate university students. Instrument scores were used to identify participants as (a) adult children with alcoholic parents, (b) adult children with workaholic parents, (c) adult children with at least one parent who was both alcoholic and workaholic, and (d) a comparison group composed of adult children who met none of the other group criteria. Children of workaholics scored significantly higher on measures of depression and parentification, and they reported parents worked more hours than did parents of children of alcoholics and the comparison group. Children of alcoholics scored significantly higher than the comparison group on the measure of parentification. Children with parents who met both descriptions scored significantly higher than children of alcoholics and the comparison group on the three dimensions described and on combined number of hours both parents worked.
107 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared a sample of spouses of workaholics and spouses of non-workaholics on ratings of marital estrangement, positive feelings toward husband, and locus of control.
Abstract: This study compared a sample of spouses of workaholics and spouses of nonworkaholics on ratings of marital estrangement, positive feelings toward husband, and locus of control. A random national sample of 326 participants drawn from the membership list of the American Counseling Association was surveyed. Spouses of workaholics reported greater marital estrangement and less positive affect towards husbands and higher external locus of control than spouses of nonworkaholics. These findings were the first empirical results to corroborate clinical and case study reports. Clinical implications of these findings are also presented.
96 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the relationship of work stress and marital cohesion was empirically investigated using structural equation modeling and it was hypothesized that work stress would have an inverse relationship with marital cohesion and the results of the data-model fit analyses support the hypothesized relationship.
Abstract: Using structural equation modeling the relationship of work stress and marital cohesion was empirically investigated. It was hypothesized that work stress would have an inverse relationship with marital cohesion. Participants were a random sample of 326 adult females who were members of the American Counseling Association. The results of the data-model fit analyses support the hypothesized relationship. The coefficient of determination for the structural equation was 0.60 indicating a substantial degree of explanation for the relationship tested. Implications of these findings for future research are presented.
86 citations
TL;DR: Issues surrounding substance dependence of Native Americans are examined through the cultural concept of the Broken Circle and underlying factors in substance dependence are presented along with practical counseling recommendations and implications for treatment through both contemporary and traditional Native healing methods.
Abstract: Issues surrounding substance dependence of Native Americans are examined through the cultural concept of the Broken Circle. Traditional cultural views of wellness and healing are described using the traditions of Indian Medicine, the value of the Circle, and what it means to live in harmony and balance. Underlying factors in substance dependence of Native Americans are presented along with practical counseling recommendations and implications for treatment through both contemporary and traditional Native healing methods.
54 citations
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TL;DR: The meaning of work literature is the product of a long tradition of rich inquiry spanning many disciplines as discussed by the authors, and the field lacks overarching structures that would facilitate greater integration, consistency, and understanding of this body of research.
1,409 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated in a sample of 587 telecom managers whether workaholism, burnout, and work engagement can be distinguished empirically, with existing, validated multi-dimensional questionnaires.
Abstract: The present study investigated in a sample of 587 telecom managers whether workaholism, burnout, and work engagement—the supposed antipode of burnout—can be distinguished empirically. These three concepts were measured with existing, validated multi-dimensional questionnaires. Structural equation modeling revealed that a slightly modified version of the hypothesised model that assumed three distinct yet correlated constructs—burnout, engagement, and workaholism—fitted the data best. Multiple regression analyses revealed that these three concepts retained unique hypothesised patterns of relationships with variables from five clusters representing (1) long working hours, (2) job characteristics, (3) work outcomes, (4) quality of social relationships, and (5) perceived health, respectively. In sum, our analyses provided converging evidence that workaholism, burnout, and engagement are three different kinds of employee well-being rather than three of a kind. La presente etude examine aupres d’un echantillon de 587 cadres des telecommunications la question de savoir si l’addiction au travail, le burnout et l’engagement au travail—suppose l’inverse du burnout—peuvent etre distingues empiriquement. Ces trois concepts sont mesures a partir de questionnaires multi-dimensionnels existants et valides. La modelisation d’equation structurale indique qu’une version legerement modifiee du modele teste selon lequel le burnout, l’engagement au travail et l’addiction au travail sont trois formes distinctes bien que correlees du bien-etre, rend mieux compte des resultats. Des analyses de regression multiples montrent que ces trois concepts renvoient
1,284 citations
TL;DR: Workaholism has received a good deal of attention in the popular press, but theoretical and empirical research have lagged behind as discussed by the authors, and the lack of a formal, agreed upon definition of the construct and its dimensions has hampered research on this topic.
Abstract: While the concept of workaholism has received a good deal of attention in the popular press, theoretical and empirical research have lagged behind. In part, the lack of a formal, agreed upon definition of the construct and its dimensions has hampered research on this topic. The purpose of this review is to offer a cohesive definition of workaholism, discuss its underlying dimensions, and identify its key antecedents and consequences. Measurement issues, directions for future research, and implications for management practice are discussed as well. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
455 citations
TL;DR: Workaholism is related to achievement-oriented personality traits (i.e., perfectionism, Type A personality), but is generally unrelated to many other dispositional (e.g., conscientiousness, self-esteem, positive affect) and demographic variables.
337 citations
TL;DR: Findings contradict common myths about prostitution: the assumption that street prostitution is the worst type of prostitution, that prostitution of men and boys is different from prostitution of women and girls, that most of those in prostitution freely consent to it, and that most people are in prostitution because of drug addiction.
Abstract: We interviewed 854 people currently or recently in prostitution in 9 countries (Canada, Colombia, Germany, Mexico, South Africa, Thailand, Turkey, United States, and Zambia), inquiring about current and lifetime history of sexual and physical violence. We found that prostitution was multitraumatic: 71% were physically assaulted in prostitution; 63% were raped; 89% of these respondents wanted to escape prostitution, but did not have other options for survival. A total of 75% had been homeless at some point in their lives; 68% met criteria for PTSD. Severity of PTSD symptoms was strongly associated with the number of different types of lifetime sexual and physical violence. Our findings contradict common myths about prostitution: the assumption that street prostitution is the worst type of prostitution, that prostitution of men and boys is different from prostitution of women and girls, that most of those in prostitution freely consent to it, that most people are in prostitution because of drug add...
293 citations