Showing papers by "Janet B. W. Williams published in 1984"
TL;DR: It was found that the CSF content of the major metabolite of serotonin, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, was lower in depressed than in nondepressed parkinsonians, suggesting that the alterations in serotonin metabolism in Parkinson's disease identify a subgroup of patients who are prone to depression.
Abstract: Depression is a common symptom in patients with Parkinson's disease. It is not related to the severity of the motor symptoms or changes in dopamine metabolism and does not improve on treatment with dopamine agonists. Alterations in serotonin metabolism are found in primary (endogenous) depression. The brain content of serotonin in Parkinson's disease is also reduced, but this has not been related to any manifestation of the disorder. We found that the CSF content of the major metabolite of serotonin, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, was lower in depressed than in nondepressed parkinsonians. The data suggest that the alterations in serotonin metabolism in Parkinson's disease identify a subgroup of patients who are prone to depression.
338 citations
TL;DR: The authors describe the use of diagnostic supervision to identify common errors made by trainees in the application of DSM-III to multiaxial evaluations in an outpatient clinic, and discusses the implications for training residents and psychology interns.
Abstract: The authors describe the use of diagnostic supervision to identify common errors made by trainees in the application of DSM-lII to multiaxial evaluations in an outpatient clinic. Errors on all five axes were due primarily to misapplications ofdiagnostic criteria and conventions. Errors on axes I, IV, and V were most frequent. Axis I errors were cornrnonly due to confusion about the relationship of dysthyrnic disorder to major depression, neglect of substance use disorder diagnoses, and misuse of the adjustment disorder and V-code categories. On axis JV, the severity of psychosocial stressors was frequently overrated, based on severa! misconceptions. Axis V ratings were often erroneously over estimated because they were individualized rather than made on a uniform scale. No differences were found in the error rates of psychiatric residents compared with psychology interns except on axis 1, where interns made more errors. The authors discuss the implications of these errors for training residents and psycho...
32 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe an interesting experience that they would like to share with other readers of theArchives, where they went into labor prior to giving birth and attended classes in the Lamaze techniques for natural childbirth.
Abstract: To the Editor.— We recently had an interesting experience that we would like to share with other readers of theArchives. On Jan 18, one of us (J.B.W.W.) went into labor prior to giving birth. Both of us had attended classes in the Lamaze techniques for natural childbirth. The techniques of minimizing the pain of labor included coach (R.L.S.)—assisted relaxation, various types of breathing, and concentration on a visual focal point in the room, such as a picture. As labor progressed, we tried these techniques but encountered several difficulties. First of all, J.B.W.W. had difficulty sustaining concentration on the picture chosen as the focal point because the stimulus of the picture never varied. Second, R.L.S. had difficulty sustaining the constant repetition of the relaxation litany. As verbal output by R.L.S. decreased and contractions of J.B.W.W. increased, she finally admonished, "Talk to me!" R.L.S. replied: "I don't know what to say."
1 citations