Jatuporn Rattanasrisomporn

Bio: Jatuporn Rattanasrisomporn is an academic researcher from Kasetsart University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Medicine & CATS. The author has an hindex of 2, co-authored 10 publications receiving 7 citations.

Anti-feline immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase properties of some medicinal and edible mushrooms

Abstract: Background and aim Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) causes AIDS-like symptoms in domestic and wild cats. Treatment of infected cats has been performed using human anti-HIV drugs, which showed some limitations. This study aimed to determine the anti-FIV potential of some mushrooms. Materials and methods A total of 17 medicinal and edible mushrooms were screened to find their inhibitory effect against FIV reverse transcriptase (FIV-RT). Three solvents, water, ethanol, and hexane, were used to prepare crude mushroom extracts. Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to perform relative inhibition and 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) studies. Results The ethanol extract from dried fruiting bodies of Inonotus obliquus showed the strongest inhibition with an IC50 value of 0.80±0.16 μg/mL. The hexane extract from dried mycelium of I. obliquus and ethanol and water extracts from fresh fruit bodies of Phellinus igniarius also exhibited strong activities with the IC50 values of 1.22±0.20, 4.33±0.39, and 6.24±1.42 μg/mL, respectively. The ethanol extract from fresh fruiting bodies of Cordyceps sinensis, hexane extracts from dried mycelium of I. obliquus, ethanol extracts of Ganoderma lucidum, hexane extracts of fresh fruiting bodies of Morchella esculenta, and fresh fruiting bodies of C. sinensis showed moderate anti-FIV-RT activities with IC50 values of 29.73±12.39, 49.97±11.86, 65.37±14.14, 77.59±8.31, and 81.41±17.10 μg/mL, respectively. These mushroom extracts show anti-FIV potential. Conclusion The extracts from I. obliquus, P. igniarius, C. sinensis, and M. esculenta showed potential anti-FIV activity.

Isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the expression of toll-like receptors in Betong chickens.

Abstract: Background and aim Toll-like receptors (TLRs) comprise microbial sensing receptors present on cell surfaces that are capable of detecting pathogens. The present study aims to examine the expression of TLRs within the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) of the Betong chickens. Materials and methods Blood samples were harvested from 12 Betong (KU line) chickens. Hematological values were calculated. PBMC was isolated from the blood utilizing a Histopaque solution and stored in a RPMI1640 culture medium. Cell viability was investigated using a Trypan Blue dye exclusion test. DNA was extracted from PBMC and the expression of the DNA's TLRs was examined using a polymerase chain reaction. Results Hematological values were determined from the blood samples collected in this study obtained from healthy Betong chickens. PBMC that was isolated from the Betong chickens possessed cell viability higher than 95% (95.37±1.06). From the examination of TLRs gene expression, results revealed instances of TLR1.1, TLR1.2, TLR2.1, TLR2.2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, TLR 7, TLR15, and TLR21 that were present in the PBMC of Betong chickens. Conclusion PBMC isolated from the blood of healthy Betong chickens possessed excellent cell quality. All chicken TLRs were discovered within the PBMC of Betong chickens. Hence, PBMC stands out as one of the premier sources for in vitro studies of chicken immune response.

Investigation of Bacterial Isolations and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Chronic Rhinitis in Cats

Abstract: Simple Summary Although rhinitis is a quite common disease in cats, the underlying cause is not easily explored. In addition to responding to the emerging concern regarding antimicrobial resistance and close contact between a pet and its owner, this study investigated bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility in chronic rhinitis in cats. The current study found that rhinitis was more likely in younger and young adult cats, with Pseudomonas spp. being the main bacterial species, as well as multidrug-resistant, followed by Pasteurella spp., Staphylococcus spp., and E. coli. Overall, amikacin, imipenem, and meropenem, which are intravenous antimicrobial agents, exhibited high activity against most bacterial species. However, the use of antimicrobials in categories A and B (EMA) in companion animals are not recommended if other antimicrobial choices are available. Notably, this report reflects on the current antimicrobial resistance situation. Therefore, the appropriate antimicrobial usage and selected drugs should be based on antimicrobial use guidelines, the result of culture, and antimicrobial susceptibility. Abstract Chronic rhinitis is a quite common upper respiratory tract (URT) disease in cats. As a result of unclear etiology, frequently, multidrug-resistant bacteria are identified. This study investigated bacterial isolations and an antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) in chronic rhinitis in cats. The medical records of 395 cats with chronic URT signs were reviewed at the Kasetsart University Veterinary Teaching Hospital (KUVTH) between 2016 and 2021 to survey the underlying causes of URT. Then, apart from rhinitis, other causes were excluded to identify the bacterial species and antimicrobial susceptibility. The results indicated that the most frequent finding was neoplasia, followed by rhinitis and anatomical defects. Furthermore, the only significant association was between the age range and disease group, with gender, FIV, or FeLV infection not being significant. Rhinitis was 4.7 times more likely to occur than neoplasia in younger and young adult cats in the age range < 1–3 years compared to the group > 10 years. The main bacterial species was the Pseudomonas species. Antimicrobials with a susceptibility rate of more than 90% were amikacin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, marbofloxacin, imipenem, and meropenem. In conclusion, rhinitis was the second most common chronic URT disease in cats and was more common in younger and young adult cats. The predominant bacteria with AST in this study reflect the antimicrobial resistance situation. Thus, antimicrobial usage should follow antimicrobial use guidelines first.

Novel peptides with HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory activity derived from the fruits of Quercus infectoria.

Abstract: The HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT), which is responsible for transcription of viral RNA genomes into DNA genomes, has become an important target for the treatment of patients with HIV infection. Hydrolyzed peptides from plants are considered a new source of potential drugs. In order to develop new effective inhibitors, peptides extracted from 111 Asian medicinal plants were screened against the HIV-1 RT. The crude hydrolyzed peptides from the fruit peel of Quercus infectoria were selected for purification and peptide sequence determination by HPLC and LC-MS. Two peptides of interest were synthesized, and an IC50 test was performed to determine their ability to inhibit the HIV-1 RT. The IC50 values of the peptides AIHIILI and LIAVSTNIIFIVV were determined to be 274 ± 5.10 nm and 236.4 ± 7.07 nm, respectively. This indicated that these peptides could be further developed as potential HIV-1 RT inhibitors.

Antiviral plant-derived natural products to combat RNA viruses: Targets throughout the viral life cycle

Abstract: Abstract There is a need for new effective antivirals, particularly in response to the development of antiviral drug resistance and emerging RNA viruses such as SARS-CoV-2. Plants are a significant source of structurally diverse bioactive compounds for drug discovery suggesting that plant-derived natural products could be developed as antiviral agents. This article reviews the antiviral activity of plant-derived natural products against RNA viruses, with a focus on compounds targeting specific stages of the viral life cycle. A range of plant extracts and compounds have been identified with antiviral activity, often against multiple virus families suggesting they may be useful as broad-spectrum antiviral agents. The antiviral mechanism of action of many of these phytochemicals is not fully understood and there are limited studies and clinical trials demonstrating their efficacy and toxicity in vivo. Further research is needed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of plant-derived natural products as antiviral agents.

An insight into the potent medicinal plant Phyllanthus amarus Schum. and Thonn.

Abstract: Phyllanthus amarus Schum. and Thonn., a globally distributed herb is known for its several therapeutic potentials. P. amarus has a long history of use in the traditional system of medicine for over 2000 years owing to its wide array of secondary metabolites that confer significant medicinal attributes. Research on various aspects including ethnobotany, phytochemistry to bioactivity, or pharmacological studies has been conducted over the past several decades on this potent herb. P. amarus extracts have shown a broad range of pharmacological activities like hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antiviral, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimalarial, nephroprotective, diuretic, and several other properties. The present review compiles and covers literature and research of several groups across past decades to date and focuses on how the therapeutic significance of this plant can be further explored for future research either as herbal formulations, alternative medicine, or in the pharmaceutical industry.The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13237-022-00409-z.