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Javier Parra-Domínguez

Bio: Javier Parra-Domínguez is an academic researcher from University of Salamanca. The author has contributed to research in topics: Computer science & Sustainability. The author has an hindex of 4, co-authored 12 publications receiving 59 citations.

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 2021-Sensors
TL;DR: In this paper, an efficient cyberphysical platform for the smart management of smart territories is presented, which facilitates the implementation of data acquisition and data management methods, as well as data representation and dashboard configuration.
Abstract: This paper presents an efficient cyberphysical platform for the smart management of smart territories. It is efficient because it facilitates the implementation of data acquisition and data management methods, as well as data representation and dashboard configuration. The platform allows for the use of any type of data source, ranging from the measurements of a multi-functional IoT sensing devices to relational and non-relational databases. It is also smart because it incorporates a complete artificial intelligence suit for data analysis; it includes techniques for data classification, clustering, forecasting, optimization, visualization, etc. It is also compatible with the edge computing concept, allowing for the distribution of intelligence and the use of intelligent sensors. The concept of smart cities is evolving and adapting to new applications; the trend to create intelligent neighbourhoods, districts or territories is becoming increasingly popular, as opposed to the previous approach of managing an entire megacity. In this paper, the platform is presented, and its architecture and functionalities are described. Moreover, its operation has been validated in a case study where the bike renting service of Paris—Velib’ Metropole has been managed. This platform could enable smart territories to develop adapted knowledge management systems, adapt them to new requirements and to use multiple types of data, and execute efficient computational and artificial intelligence algorithms. The platform optimizes the decisions taken by human experts through explainable artificial intelligence models that obtain data from IoT sensors, databases, the Internet, etc. The global intelligence of the platform could potentially coordinate its decision-making processes with intelligent nodes installed in the edge, which would use the most advanced data processing techniques.

28 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work presents a real scenario for making farms more profitable and sustainable through the analysis of the Data Envelopment Analysis and the application of the Internet of Things and Edge Computing, and shows that including the costs of edge and non-edge data transfer have an impact on the efficiency.
Abstract: Globalization has led to a new paradigm where the traditional industries, such as agricul-ture, employ vanguard technologies to broaden its possibilities into what is known as smart farming and the agri-food industry 4.0. This industry needs to adapt to the current market through an efficient use of resources while being environmentally friendly. The most commonly used approaches for analyzing efficiency and sustainability on farms are production efficiency based analyses, such as Data Envelopment Analysis and Stochastic Frontier Analysis, since they allow to see how efficient the outputs are generated regardless of the units of measurement of the inputs. This work presents a real scenario for making farms more profitable and sustainable through the analysis of the Data Envelopment Analysis and the application of the Internet of Things and Edge Computing. What makes this model interesting is that it allows monitoring the ambient conditions with real-time data from the different sensors that have been installed on the farm, minimizing costs and gaining robustness in the transmission of the data to the cloud with Edge Computing, and then to have a complete overview in terms of monthly resource efficiency through the Data Envelopment Analysis. The results show that including the costs of edge and non-edge data transfer have an impact on the efficiency. This small-scale study set the basis for a future test with many farms simultaneously.

23 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyse the behaviours related to the decoupling of the disclosed information on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and corporate sustainability, deepening these practices' knowledge within family businesses.
Abstract: This paper aims to analyse the behaviours related to the decoupling of the disclosed information on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and corporate sustainability, deepening these practices’ knowledge within family businesses. For this purpose, we defined decoupling as a gap between social responsibility performance (internal actions) and disclosures (external actions). For a sample of 33,809 observations for the period 2011–2019, corresponding to 5029 companies, 19% being family firms, our empirical evidence supports that family firms present a less wide gap between performance and disclosure, confirming the prevalence of socioemotional wealth dimensions in the decision-making of these companies. In firms without controlled shareholders, the quality of nonfinancial reporting could be understood as ambiguous, understanding that the most useful CSR information is found in the reports of family-owned companies.

18 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The findings obtained point out that the average police efficiency for the period analysed reaches 86%, showing optimal behaviour in 55% of the police stations analysed, and 45% of them increase their productivity yearly.
Abstract: This work aims to study the efficiency of Spanish police forces in the 2001–2006 period, using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Several Malmquist indices are also estimated in order to detect and explain the dynamic variations in efficiency for each of the 52 Spanish provinces into which the territory of Spain is divided. To measure police efficiency, we have considered both solved crimes—those offences against property, public safety, the person, and sexual liberty and indemnity—and the number of police members. In addition, in order to avoid biases in the analysis, and according to the results of a truncated regression, we have considered several exogenous variables which negatively influence police efficiency, such as area, immigration rate and youth index. The findings obtained point out that the average police efficiency for the period analysed reaches 86%, showing optimal behaviour in 55% of the police stations analysed. Additionally, 45% of them increase their productivity yearly.

15 citations


Cited by
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01 Jan 1997
TL;DR: The strengths and weaknesses for estimating environmental efficiency of the methods applied are revealed; namely Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA).
Abstract: The objective of this paper is to estimate comprehensive environmental efficiency measures for Dutch dairy farms. The environmental efficiency scores are based on the nitrogen surplus, phosphate surplus and the total (direct and indirect) energy use of an unbalanced panel of dairy farms. We define environmental efficiency as the ratio of minimum feasible to observed use of multiple environmentally detrimental inputs, conditional on observed levels of output and the conventional inputs. We compare two methods for the calculation of efficiency; namely Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). This paper reveals the strengths and weaknesses for estimating environmental efficiency of the methods applied. Both SFA and DEA can estimate environmental efficiency scores. The mean technical efficiency scores (output-oriented, SFA 89%, DEA 78%) and the mean comprehensive environmental efficiency scores (SFA 80%, DEA 52%) differ between the two methods. SFA allows hypothesis testing, and the monotonicity hypothesis is rejected for the specification including phosphate surplus. DEA can calculate environmental efficiency scores for all specifications, because regularity is imposed in this method.

101 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide information to assist those involved in performance measurement in police organizations, and the strategies used to identify the literature are described, and they offer two conclusions: the measures best aligned with performance are typically more expensive, while most operational data should only provide contextual information.
Abstract: This study provides information to assist those involved in performance measurement in police organisations. The strategies used to identify the literature are described. Thematic sections cover; general overviews; methodological issues; performance management in other industries; national, international and cross-national studies; frameworks (e.g. Compstat; the Balanced Scorecard); criticisms (particularly unintended consequences); crime-specific measures; practitioner guides; performance evaluation of individual staff; police department plans and evaluations; annotated bibliographies in related areas, and; other literature. Our discussion offers two conclusions: the measures best aligned with performance are typically more expensive, while most operational data should only provide contextual information; the philosophy of open governance should be pursued to promote transparency, accountability and communication to improve police performance.

95 citations

01 Jan 2012
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined how family influence on a business organization affects CSR reporting and found that family firms disseminate a greater variety of CSR reports, are less compliant with CSR standards and place emphasis on different CSR topics.
Abstract: Family firms are ubiquitous and play a crucial role across all world economies, but how they differ in the disclosure of social and environmental actions from non-family firms has been largely overlooked in the literature. Advancing the discourse on corporate social responsibility reporting, we examine how family influence on a business organization affects CSR reporting. The arguments developed here draw on institutional theory, using a rich body of empirical evidence gathered through a content analysis of the CSR reports of 98 large- and medium-sized Italian firms. The grounded theory analysis informs and contextualizes several differences in the type and content of corporate social responsibility reports of family and non-family firms. Our findings show that in comparison to non-family firms, family firms disseminate a greater variety of CSR reports, are less compliant with CSR standards and place emphasis on different CSR topics. We, thus, contribute to the family business and corporate social responsibility reporting literatures in several ways, offering implications for practice and outlining promising avenues for future research.

89 citations

OtherDOI
31 Jan 2013

72 citations