Author
Jean Mary Zarate
Other affiliations: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, McGill University, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital
Bio: Jean Mary Zarate is an academic researcher from New York University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Singing & Auditory feedback. The author has an hindex of 17, co-authored 24 publications receiving 1252 citations. Previous affiliations of Jean Mary Zarate include Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & McGill University.
Papers
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TL;DR: Two neural substrates for audio-vocal integration are proposed: the dorsal premotor cortex may act as a basic interface, but with vocal training and practice, the ACC, auditory cortices, and putamen may be increasingly recruited as people learn to monitor their auditory feedback and adjust their vocal output accordingly.
236 citations
TL;DR: A locus of speech analysis in human auditory cortex that is distinct from lexical, semantic or syntactic processes is identified, suggesting tuning to speech-specific spectrotemporal structure.
Abstract: In order to better distinguish the neural processing of speech versus language, this study measured brain responses to foreign speech that was temporally scrambled to varying extents. Using this manipulation to highlight sensitivity to speech independent of linguistic structure, the authors identify a bilateral locus of speech analysis in the superior temporal sulcus.
155 citations
01 May 2015
TL;DR: In this article, sound quilts, stimuli constructed by shuffling segments of a natural sound, approximately preserving its properties on short timescales while disrupting them on longer scales were used to investigate the neural basis of speech analysis.
Abstract: Speech contains temporal structure that the brain must analyze to enable linguistic processing. To investigate the neural basis of this analysis, we used sound quilts, stimuli constructed by shuffling segments of a natural sound, approximately preserving its properties on short timescales while disrupting them on longer scales. We generated quilts from foreign speech to eliminate language cues and manipulated the extent of natural acoustic structure by varying the segment length. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we identified bilateral regions of the superior temporal sulcus (STS) whose responses varied with segment length. This effect was absent in primary auditory cortex and did not occur for quilts made from other natural sounds or acoustically matched synthetic sounds, suggesting tuning to speech-specific spectrotemporal structure. When examined parametrically, the STS response increased with segment length up to ∼500 ms. Our results identify a locus of speech analysis in human auditory cortex that is distinct from lexical, semantic or syntactic processes.
143 citations
TL;DR: Singers were less able to ignore 25-cent shifts than 200-Cent shifts, suggesting that pitch-shift responses to small shifts are under less voluntary control than responses to larger shifts, and analysis of stimulus-modulated functional connectivity suggest that pSTS and intraparietal sulcus may monitor auditory feedback to extract pitch- shift direction in 200-cent tasks, but not in 25-Cent tasks, which suggests that larger vocal corrections are under cortical control.
103 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors employed fMRI with mental imagery paradigms to investigate the neural networks involved in perceptual reactivation, and they found that articulation imagery (AI) and hearing imagery (HI) induced greater activity in frontal-parietal sensorimotor systems, including sensorIMotor cortex, subcentral (BA 43), middle frontal cortex (BA 46), and parietal operculum (PO), whereas HI showed stronger activation in regions that have been implicated in memory retrieval.
103 citations
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Journal Article•
TL;DR: For the next few weeks the course is going to be exploring a field that’s actually older than classical population genetics, although the approach it’ll be taking to it involves the use of population genetic machinery.
Abstract: So far in this course we have dealt entirely with the evolution of characters that are controlled by simple Mendelian inheritance at a single locus. There are notes on the course website about gametic disequilibrium and how allele frequencies change at two loci simultaneously, but we didn’t discuss them. In every example we’ve considered we’ve imagined that we could understand something about evolution by examining the evolution of a single gene. That’s the domain of classical population genetics. For the next few weeks we’re going to be exploring a field that’s actually older than classical population genetics, although the approach we’ll be taking to it involves the use of population genetic machinery. If you know a little about the history of evolutionary biology, you may know that after the rediscovery of Mendel’s work in 1900 there was a heated debate between the “biometricians” (e.g., Galton and Pearson) and the “Mendelians” (e.g., de Vries, Correns, Bateson, and Morgan). Biometricians asserted that the really important variation in evolution didn’t follow Mendelian rules. Height, weight, skin color, and similar traits seemed to
9,847 citations
9,362 citations
TL;DR: An anatomical model is presented that indicates the location of the language areas and the most consistent functions that have been assigned to them and the implications for cognitive models of language processing are considered.
1,700 citations
TL;DR: Research investigating brain plasticity induced by musical training is reviewed, common patterns and possible underlying mechanisms of such plasticity are highlighted, and findings and models for mechanisms of plasticity in other domains are integrated.
581 citations
TL;DR: The neural substrates underlying auditory feedback control of speech were investigated using a combination of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and computational modeling, revealing increased activity in bilateral superior temporal cortex during shifted feedback and increased influence of bilateral auditory cortical areas on right frontal areas during shifted speech.
572 citations