Author
Jean-Michel Mansuy
Other affiliations: French Institute of Health and Medical Research
Bio: Jean-Michel Mansuy is an academic researcher from University of Toulouse. The author has contributed to research in topics: Hepatitis E virus & Hepatitis E. The author has an hindex of 30, co-authored 83 publications receiving 4256 citations. Previous affiliations of Jean-Michel Mansuy include French Institute of Health and Medical Research.
Topics: Hepatitis E virus, Hepatitis E, Medicine, Virus, Transplantation
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: The time from transplantation to diagnosis was significantly shorter and the total counts of lymphocytes and of CD2, CD3, and CD4 T cells were significantly lower in patients in whom chronic disease developed.
Abstract: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is considered an agent responsible for acute hepatitis that does not progress to chronic hepatitis. We identified 14 cases of acute HEV infection in three patients receiving liver transplants, nine receiving kidney transplants, and two receiving kidney and pancreas transplants. All patients were positive for serum HEV RNA. Chronic hepatitis developed in eight patients, as confirmed by persistently elevated aminotransferase levels, serum HEV RNA, and histologic features of chronic hepatitis. The time from transplantation to diagnosis was significantly shorter and the total counts of lymphocytes and of CD2, CD3, and CD4 T cells were significantly lower in patients in whom chronic disease developed.
1,139 citations
TL;DR: Using a validated sensitive assay, it is found hepatitis E virus (HEV) IgG in 52.5% of voluntary blood donors in southwestern France, which suggests HEV is highly endemic to this region.
Abstract: Using a validated sensitive assay, we found hepatitis E virus (HEV) IgG in 52.5% of voluntary blood donors in southwestern France. This finding suggests HEV is highly endemic to this region. The high HEV prevalence may reflect local dietary practices, such as eating uncooked pork and game products.
339 citations
TL;DR: When compared with patients with a mild form of acute hepatitis E, active alcohol abuse and chronic liver disease were more frequent in patients with the severe form and death was more frequent.
Abstract: Summary. Fulminant hepatitis E has not been well characterized in industrialized countries. The aim of this study was to prospectively describe patients with acute hepatitis E presenting as fulminant hepatic failure, i.e. with encephalopathy and prothrombin index <50%. Between February 1997 and April 2005, seven patients with encephalopathy were diagnosed with acute hepatitis E using viral RNA detection. These patients were compared with 33 patients diagnosed with a mild form (absence of encephalopathy) of acute hepatitis E during the same time period. Patients were 65 ± 11 years old. Five were active drinkers and six had chronic liver disease. All hepatitis E virus sequences evaluated (5/7) were of genotype 3. All patients but two died (71%). Four patients had no travel history. When compared with patients with a mild form of acute hepatitis E, active alcohol abuse and chronic liver disease were more frequent in patients with the severe form. Duration of hospitalization was longer. Aspartate transferase and bilirubin levels were significantly higher. Prothrombin index and accelerin levels were lower and death was more frequent. Acute nontravel-associated hepatitis E can appear as fulminant hepatitis with encephalopathy and coagulation disorders. Prognosis is severe and this may be due to the age at which it occurs and frequent underlying chronic liver disease.
235 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that HEV infection cannot only evolve to chronic hepatitis, but can also be responsible for rapidly progressing cirrhosis in organ‐transplant patients.
206 citations
TL;DR: Investigating 38 consecutive cases of HEV genotype 3 infection found that the only factor independently associated with HEV infection was the consumption of game meat, and immunocompromised patients should avoid eating insufficiently cooked game meat or pork products to reduce the risk ofHEV infection and chronic liver disease.
Abstract: Background. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections can lead to chronic hepatitis in immunocompromised patients. We have investigated the risk factors for HEV infection among solid-organ transplant recipients and the characteristics of these infections. Methods. We performed serological tests, quantified the virus, and genotyped the virus in plasma samples. We performed a case-control study with HEV-infected patients and control participants matched for sex and age who were recruited from a population of solid-organ transplant recipients with no markers of HEV infection. Results. We investigated 38 consecutive cases of HEV genotype 3 infection. Twenty-two (58%) of these 38 patients developed a chronic infection. The acute-phase aminotransferase levels were higher in the patients who cleared the virus than in those who developed chronic infections. The anti-HEV immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M profiles and HEV RNA concentration in patients who cleared the virus were similar to those in patients who developed a chronic infection. A logistic regression analysis of 37 case patients and 148 control participants indicated that the only factor independently associated with HEV infection was the consumption of game meat (68% of case patients vs 47% of control participants; odds ratio, 2.32; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-5.15). Conclusion. Immunocompromised patients should avoid eating insufficiently cooked game meat or pork products so as to reduce the risk of HEV infection and chronic liver disease.
171 citations
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01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: The sheer volume and scope of data posed by this flood of data pose a significant challenge to the development of efficient and intuitive visualization tools able to scale to very large data sets and to flexibly integrate multiple data types, including clinical data.
Abstract: Rapid improvements in sequencing and array-based platforms are resulting in a flood of diverse genome-wide data, including data from exome and whole-genome sequencing, epigenetic surveys, expression profiling of coding and noncoding RNAs, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and copy number profiling, and functional assays. Analysis of these large, diverse data sets holds the promise of a more comprehensive understanding of the genome and its relation to human disease. Experienced and knowledgeable human review is an essential component of this process, complementing computational approaches. This calls for efficient and intuitive visualization tools able to scale to very large data sets and to flexibly integrate multiple data types, including clinical data. However, the sheer volume and scope of data pose a significant challenge to the development of such tools.
2,187 citations
TL;DR: The global prevalence of viral hepatitis remains high, while drug-induced liver injury continues to increase as a major cause of acute hepatitis.
1,799 citations
TL;DR: Real-time PCR assays provide sensitivity and specificity equivalent to that of conventional PCR combined with Southern blot analysis, and since amplification and detection steps are performed in the same closed vessel, the risk of releasing amplified nucleic acids into the environment is negligible.
Abstract: Real-time PCR has revolutionized the way clinical microbiology laboratories diagnose many human microbial infections. This testing method combines PCR chemistry with fluorescent probe detection of amplified product in the same reaction vessel. In general, both PCR and amplified product detection are completed in an hour or less, which is considerably faster than conventional PCR detection methods. Real-time PCR assays provide sensitivity and specificity equivalent to that of conventional PCR combined with Southern blot analysis, and since amplification and detection steps are performed in the same closed vessel, the risk of releasing amplified nucleic acids into the environment is negligible. The combination of excellent sensitivity and specificity, low contamination risk, and speed has made real-time PCR technology an appealing alternative to culture- or immunoassay-based testing methods for diagnosing many infectious diseases. This review focuses on the application of real-time PCR in the clinical microbiology laboratory.
1,302 citations
TL;DR: The time from transplantation to diagnosis was significantly shorter and the total counts of lymphocytes and of CD2, CD3, and CD4 T cells were significantly lower in patients in whom chronic disease developed.
Abstract: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is considered an agent responsible for acute hepatitis that does not progress to chronic hepatitis. We identified 14 cases of acute HEV infection in three patients receiving liver transplants, nine receiving kidney transplants, and two receiving kidney and pancreas transplants. All patients were positive for serum HEV RNA. Chronic hepatitis developed in eight patients, as confirmed by persistently elevated aminotransferase levels, serum HEV RNA, and histologic features of chronic hepatitis. The time from transplantation to diagnosis was significantly shorter and the total counts of lymphocytes and of CD2, CD3, and CD4 T cells were significantly lower in patients in whom chronic disease developed.
1,139 citations
TL;DR: Patients with unexplained hepatitis should be tested for hepatitis E, whatever their age or travel history, and the source and route of infection remain uncertain, but it might be a porcine zoonosis.
Abstract: Hepatitis E is endemic in many developing countries where it causes substantial morbidity. In industrialised countries, it is considered rare, and largely confined to travellers returning from endemic areas. However, there is now a growing body of evidence that challenges this notion. Autochthonous hepatitis E in developed countries is far more common than previously recognised, and might be more common than hepatitis A. Hepatitis E has a predilection for older men in whom it causes substantial morbidity and mortality. The disease has a poor prognosis in the context of pre-existing chronic liver disease, and is frequently misdiagnosed as drug-induced liver injury. The source and route of infection remain uncertain, but it might be a porcine zoonosis. Patients with unexplained hepatitis should be tested for hepatitis E, whatever their age or travel history.
629 citations