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Jean-Paul Selten

Bio: Jean-Paul Selten is an academic researcher from Maastricht University Medical Centre. The author has contributed to research in topics: Population & Schizophrenia. The author has an hindex of 44, co-authored 155 publications receiving 9318 citations. Previous affiliations of Jean-Paul Selten include Utrecht University & Maastricht University.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Findings of previous studies implicating migration as a risk factor for the development of schizophrenia and a quantitative index of the associated effect size are synthesized to suggest a role for psychosocial adversity in the etiology of schizophrenia.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: The authors synthesize findings of previous studies implicating migration as a risk factor for the development of schizophrenia and provide a quantitative index of the associated effect size. METHOD: MEDLINE was searched for population-based incidence studies concerning migrants in English-language publications appearing between the years 1977 and 2003. Article bibliographies and an Australian database were cross-referenced. Studies were included if incidence reports provided numerators and denominators and if age correction was performed or could be performed by the authors. Relative risks for migrant groups were extracted or calculated for each study. Significant heterogeneity across studies indicated the need for a mixed-effects meta-analytic model. RESULTS: The mean weighted relative risk for developing schizophrenia among first-generation migrants (40 effect sizes) was 2.7 (95% confidence interval [CI]=2.3–3.2). A separate analysis performed for second-generation migrants (seven effect siz...

1,136 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This meta-analysis provides evidence for a sex difference in the risk of developing schizophrenia, as reported in the published literature from the last 2 decades.
Abstract: Background Sex differences in the risk of a particular disorder can yield important clues regarding its pathogenesis. The evidence for a sex difference in the risk of schizophrenia is inconclusive. The purpose of this study was to integrate results from the published literature and to provide a quantitative index of the male-female ratio for the incidence of schizophrenia. Methods The MEDLINE and PsychLIT databases were searched for English-language publications on "incidence and schizophrenia" that appeared during the period between January 1980 and September 2001. Population-based incidence studies using standard clinical diagnostic criteria were included if they reported sex-specific incidence rates. Sex-specific incidence figures were extracted directly from each study. Categorical analyses were conducted on a subset of studies that met specific methodological criteria (to minimize criterion bias, hospital bias, and age bias). Study categorization and data extraction were performed independently by 2 of us (A. A. and J.-P.S.). Results Log risk ratio meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model. The incidence risk ratios for men to develop schizophrenia relative to women were 1.42 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30-1.56) when all studies were included in the analysis (49 effect sizes), 1.31 (95% CI, 1.13-1.51) when studies that minimized selection biases were analyzed separately (23 effect sizes), and 1.39 (95% CI, 1.15-1.68) when only high-quality studies were included(11 effect sizes). The sex difference was significantly smaller in studies with sample years before 1980 than those with sample years after 1980. No significant sex differences were reported in studies from developing countries. A final analysis, limited to studies with an age cutoff of 64 years or older(16 effect sizes), yielded a mean risk ratio of 1.32 (95% CI, 1.13-1.55). Conclusion This meta-analysis provides evidence for a sex difference in the risk of developing schizophrenia, as reported in the published literature from the last 2 decades.

771 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Marta Di Forti1, Marta Di Forti2, Marta Di Forti3, Diego Quattrone1, Diego Quattrone3, Diego Quattrone2, Tom P. Freeman4, Giada Tripoli2, Charlotte Gayer-Anderson2, Harriet Quigley2, Victoria Rodriguez2, Hannah E Jongsma5, Hannah E Jongsma6, Laura Ferraro7, Caterina La Cascia7, Daniele La Barbera7, Ilaria Tarricone8, Domenico Berardi8, Andrei Szöke9, Celso Arango10, Andrea Tortelli, Eva Velthorst11, Miguel Bernardo12, Cristina Marta Del-Ben13, Paulo Rossi Menezes13, Jean-Paul Selten, Peter B. Jones5, James B. Kirkbride6, Bart P. F. Rutten14, Lieuwe de Haan11, Pak C. Sham15, Pak C. Sham2, Jim van Os16, Jim van Os2, Cathryn M. Lewis1, Cathryn M. Lewis2, Michael T. Lynskey2, Craig Morgan2, Robin M. Murray2, Robin M. Murray3, Silvia Amoretti, Manuel Arrojo, Grégoire Baudin, Stephanie Beards, Miquel Bernardo12, Julio Bobes, Chiara Bonetto, Bibiana Cabrera, Angel Carracedo, Thomas Charpeaud, Javier Costas, Doriana Cristofalo, Pedro Cuadrado, Covadonga M. Díaz-Caneja, Aziz Ferchiou, Nathalie Franke, Flora Frijda, Enrique García Bernardo, Paz García-Portilla, Emiliano González, Kathryn Hubbard, Stéphane Jamain, Estela Jiménez-López, Marion Leboyer, Gonzalo López Montoya, Esther Lorente-Rovira, Camila Marcelino Loureiro, Giovanna Marrazzo, Covadonga Martínez, Mario de Matteis, Elles Messchaart, Ma Dolores Moltó, Juan Nacher, Ma Soledad Olmeda, Mara Parellada, Javier González Peñas, Baptiste Pignon, Marta Rapado, Jean Romain Richard, José Juan Rodríguez Solano, Laura Roldán Díaz, Mirella Ruggeri, Pilar A. Saiz, Emilio Sánchez, Julio Sanjuán, Crocettarachele Sartorio, Franck Schürhoff, F. Seminerio, Rosana Shuhama, Lucia Sideli, Simona A. Stilo, Fabian Termorshuizen, Sarah Tosato, Anne Marie Tronche, Daniella van Dam, Elsje van der Ven 
TL;DR: Differences in frequency of daily cannabis use and in use of high-potency cannabis contributed to the striking variation in the incidence of psychotic disorder across the 11 studied sites, giving important implications for public health.

496 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Maternal stress during pregnancy may contribute to the development of vulnerability to schizophrenia and the apparent longer window of exposure in male foetuses may be related to the slower pace of male early cerebral development.
Abstract: BACKGROUND It has been suggested that prenatal exposure to maternal stress increases the risk of subsequently developing schizophrenia. METHOD The five-day invasion and defeat of The Netherlands by the German army in May 1940 constituted a severe, well-circumscribed national stressful event. Individuals exposed and non-exposed to this stressor in the first, second and third trimester of pregnancy were followed up for lifetime schizophrenia outcome through the National Psychiatric Case Register. REGISTER: Cumulative incidence of schizophrenia was higher in the exposed cohort (risk ratio (RR): 1.15, 95% CI 1.03-1.28), especially in those exposed in the first trimester (RR: 1.28, 95% CI 1.07-1.53). Significant interaction with gender was apparent in second trimester exposed cohorts (RR men: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.05-1.74; RR women: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.61-1.12). CONCLUSION Maternal stress during pregnancy may contribute to the development of vulnerability to schizophrenia. The apparent longer window of exposure in male foetuses may be related to the slower pace of male early cerebral development.

476 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The hypothesis that chronic and long-term experience of 'social defeat' may increase the risk for schizophrenia may result from sensitisation of the mesolimbic dopamine system and or increased baseline activity of this system.
Abstract: The hypothesis that chronic and long-term experience of 'social defeat' may increase the risk for schizophrenia is proposed. This increased risk may result from sensitisation of the mesolimbic dopamine system and/or increased baseline activity of this system. Data supporting the social defeat hypothesis are presented.

474 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The role of vitamin D in skeletal and nonskeletal health is considered and strategies for the prevention and treatment ofitamin D deficiency are suggested.
Abstract: Once foods in the United States were fortified with vitamin D, rickets appeared to have been conquered, and many considered major health problems from vitamin D deficiency resolved. But vitamin D deficiency is common. This review considers the role of vitamin D in skeletal and nonskeletal health and suggests strategies for the prevention and treatment of vitamin D deficiency.

11,849 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Advancing the understanding of the relationship between perceived discrimination and health will require more attention to situating discrimination within the context of other health-relevant aspects of racism, measuring it comprehensively and accurately, assessing its stressful dimensions, and identifying the mechanisms that link discrimination to health.
Abstract: This paper provides a review and critique of empirical research on perceived discrimination and health. The patterns of racial disparities in health suggest that there are multiple ways by which racism can affect health. Perceived discrimination is one such pathway and the paper reviews the published research on discrimination and health that appeared in PubMed between 2005 and 2007. This recent research continues to document an inverse association between discrimination and health. This pattern is now evident in a wider range of contexts and for a broader array of outcomes. Advancing our understanding of the relationship between perceived discrimination and health will require more attention to situating discrimination within the context of other health-relevant aspects of racism, measuring it comprehensively and accurately, assessing its stressful dimensions, and identifying the mechanisms that link discrimination to health.

2,688 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Maintaining blood concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D above 80 nmol/L (approximately 30 ng/mL) not only is important for maximizing intestinal calcium absorption but also may be important for providing the extrarenal 1alpha-hydroxylase that is present in most tissues to produce 1,25-dihydroxyv vitamin D3.

2,586 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Vitamin D deficiency causes rickets in children and will precipitate and exacerbate osteopenia, osteoporosis, and fractures in adults, and foods that are fortified with vitamin D are often inadequate to satisfy either a child's or an adult's vitamin D requirement.

2,354 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia-version III is synthesized into a comprehensive framework that links risk factors, including pregnancy and obstetric complications, stress and trauma, drug use, and genes, to increased presynaptic striatal dopaminergic function.
Abstract: The dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia has been one of the most enduring ideas in psychiatry. Initially, the emphasis was on a role of hyperdopaminergia in the etiology of schizophrenia (version I), but it was subsequently reconceptualized to specify subcortical hyperdopaminergia with prefrontal hypodopaminergia (version II). However, these hypotheses focused too narrowly on dopamine itself, conflated psychosis and schizophrenia, and predated advances in the genetics, molecular biology, and imaging research in schizophrenia. Since version II, there have been over 6700 articles about dopamine and schizophrenia. We selectively review these data to provide an overview of the 5 critical streams of new evidence: neurochemical imaging studies, genetic evidence, findings on environmental risk factors, research into the extended phenotype, and animal studies. We synthesize this evidence into a new dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia-version III: the final common pathway. This hypothesis seeks to be comprehensive in providing a framework that links risk factors, including pregnancy and obstetric complications, stress and trauma, drug use, and genes, to increased presynaptic striatal dopaminergic function. It explains how a complex array of pathological, positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and other findings, such as frontotemporal structural and functional abnormalities and cognitive impairments, may converge neurochemically to cause psychosis through aberrant salience and lead to a diagnosis of schizophrenia. The hypothesis has one major implication for treatment approaches. Current treatments are acting downstream of the critical neurotransmitter abnormality. Future drug development and research into etiopathogenesis should focus on identifying and manipulating the upstream factors that converge on the dopaminergic funnel point.

2,311 citations