Jeanne S. Ruggiero

Bio: Jeanne S. Ruggiero is an academic researcher from Rutgers University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Sleep disorder & Sleep deprivation. The author has an hindex of 9, co-authored 11 publications receiving 819 citations.

Insomnia, fatigue, anxiety, depression, and quality of life of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Abstract: The purposes of this study were to examine: (a) the relationships between the symptoms of insomnia and fatigue and the psychological factors of anxiety and depression, and; (b) the relationships between these psychological and symptom variables and quality of life in cancer patients who were receiving chemotherapy. The Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms was the framework for the study. A descriptive correlational design was used in a secondary analysis of data obtained from a sample of 263 cancer patients who were undergoing chemotherapy. Insomnia, fatigue, depression, and anxiety were positively correlated with one another (r = .26 to r = .69, p < .001) and negatively correlated with quality of life (r = -.28 to r = -.63, p < .001). Women had more anxiety and fatigue and poorer quality of life than did men. Older age was associated with better quality of life and less insomnia, fatigue, anxiety, and depression. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the symptoms and psychological variables explained 47% of the variance in quality of life, with the largest proportion of the variance explained by depression. Fatigue and insomnia explained only 4% of the variance in quality of life in excess of that contributed by the psychological factors. Although overall depression levels were low in this sample, these findings suggest that insomnia and fatigue are related to depression and that depression is more closely associated with quality of life than are insomnia and fatigue.

Health, work variables, and job satisfaction among nurses.

Abstract: BackgroundEvidence from several studies suggests that there is widespread job dissatisfaction among nurses. Coupled with a critical shortage of RNs, this situation threatens the provision of safe healthcare.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to explore the relationships and relative contribution

Correlates of fatigue in critical care nurses

Abstract: The purposes of this study were to examine shift-related differences in chronic fatigue and the contributions of sleep quality, anxiety, and depression to chronic fatigue among a random nationwide sample (N = 142) of female critical care nurses. Twenty-three percent of this sample met criteria for clinical depression. Day and night nurses did not differ in their reports of chronic fatigue. Night nurses reported more depression and poorer sleep quality than did day nurses. Regression analyses indicated that among the variables of global sleep quality, depression, and anxiety, depression and sleep quality were the most relevant to the explanation of chronic fatigue. These findings suggest the need for studies of strategies to promote sleep and improve mood in critical care nurses.

Effects of napping on sleepiness and sleep-related performance deficits in night-shift workers: a systematic review.

Abstract: Night-shift workers are prone to sleep deprivation, misalignment of circadian rhythms, and subsequent sleepiness and sleep-related performance deficits. The purpose of this narrative systematic review is to critically review and synthesize the scientific literature regarding improvements in sleepiness and sleep-related performance deficits following planned naps taken during work-shift hours by night workers and to recommend directions for future research and practice. We conducted a literature search using the Medline, PsychInfo, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and Health and Safety Science Abstracts databases and included English-language quasi-experimental and experimental studies that evaluated the effects of a nighttime nap taken during a simulated or actual night-work shift. We identified 13 relevant studies, which consisted primarily of small samples and mixed designs. Most investigators found that, despite short periods of sleep inertia immediately following naps, night-shift napping led to decreased sleepiness and improved sleep-related performance. None of the studies examined the effects of naps on safety outcomes in the workplace. Larger-scale randomized clinical trials of night-shift napping and direct safety outcomes are needed prior to wider implementation.

Sleep is related to physical function and emotional well-being after cardiac surgery.

Abstract: BackgroundEmotional well-being and physical function are important quality-of-life outcomes after cardiac surgery. Alterations in sleep patterns, including sleep deprivation and altered circadian patterning, also are common. The relations among sleep pattern alterations, physical function, and emoti

Health consequences of shift work and insufficient sleep

Abstract: This review summarises the literature on shift work and its relation to insufficient sleep, chronic diseases, and accidents. It is based on 38 meta-analyses and 24 systematic reviews, with additional narrative reviews and articles used for outlining possible mechanisms by which shift work may cause accidents and adverse health. Evidence shows that the effect of shift work on sleep mainly concerns acute sleep loss in connection with night shifts and early morning shifts. A link also exists between shift work and accidents, type 2 diabetes (relative risk range 1.09-1.40), weight gain, coronary heart disease (relative risk 1.23), stroke (relative risk 1.05), and cancer (relative risk range 1.01-1.32), although the original studies showed mixed results. The relations of shift work to cardiometabolic diseases and accidents mimic those with insufficient sleep. Laboratory studies indicate that cardiometabolic stress and cognitive impairments are increased by shift work, as well as by sleep loss. Given that the health and safety consequences of shift work and insufficient sleep are very similar, they are likely to share common mechanisms. However, additional research is needed to determine whether insufficient sleep is a causal pathway for the adverse health effects associated with shift work.

Effects of Critical Care Nurses’ Work Hours on Vigilance and Patients’ Safety

Abstract: Background To minimize the occurrence of adverse events among patients, critical care nurses must be alert to subtle changes in patients' conditions, perform accurate clinical assessments, and respond expediently. However, little is known about the effects of the nurses' work hours on vigilance and patients' safety. Objectives To describe the work patterns of critical care nurses, determine if an association exists between the occurrence of errors and the hours worked by the nurses, and explore whether these work hours have adverse effects on the nurses' vigilance. Methods Data were obtained from a random sample of critical care nurses in the United States. Nurses eligible for the study were mailed two 14-day logbooks to fill out. Information collected included the hours worked, the time of day worked, overtime hours, days off, and sleep-wake patterns. On days worked, the respondents completed all work-related questions and questions about difficulties in remaining awake while on duty. Space was provided for descriptions of any errors or near errors that might have occurred. On days off, the nurses completed only those questions about sleep-wake patterns, mood, and caffeine intake. Results The 502 respondents consistently worked longer than scheduled and for extended periods. Longer work duration increased the risk of errors and near errors and decreased nurses' vigilance. Conclusions The findings support the Institute of Medicine recommendations to minimize the use of 12-hour shifts and to limit nurses' work hours to no more than 12 consecutive hours during a 24-hour period.

Genetic determinants of daytime napping and effects on cardiometabolic health.

Abstract: Daytime napping is a common, heritable behavior, but its genetic basis and causal relationship with cardiometabolic health remain unclear. Here, we perform a genome-wide association study of self-reported daytime napping in the UK Biobank (n = 452,633) and identify 123 loci of which 61 replicate in the 23andMe research cohort (n = 541,333). Findings include missense variants in established drug targets for sleep disorders (HCRTR1, HCRTR2), genes with roles in arousal (TRPC6, PNOC), and genes suggesting an obesity-hypersomnolence pathway (PNOC, PATJ). Association signals are concordant with accelerometer-measured daytime inactivity duration and 33 loci colocalize with loci for other sleep phenotypes. Cluster analysis identifies three distinct clusters of nap-promoting mechanisms with heterogeneous associations with cardiometabolic outcomes. Mendelian randomization shows potential causal links between more frequent daytime napping and higher blood pressure and waist circumference. The genetic basis of daytime napping and the directional effect of daytime napping on cardiometabolic health are unknown. Here, the authors perform a genome-wide association study on self-reported daytime napping in the UK Biobank and Mendelian randomization to explore causal associations.

Short sleep duration is associated with increased obesity markers in European adolescents: effect of physical activity and dietary habits. The HELENA study

Abstract: Adequate sleep is a critical factor for adolescent's health and health-related behaviors. (a) to describe sleep duration in European adolescents from nine countries, (b) to assess the association of short sleep duration with excess adiposity and (c) to elucidate if physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviors and/or inadequate food habits underlie this association. A sample of 3311 adolescents (1748 girls) aged 12.5–17.49 years from 10 European cities in Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Spain and Sweden was assessed in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence Study between 2006 and 2008. We measured anthropometric data, sleep duration, PA (accelerometers and questionnaire), television watching and food habits (Food Frequency Questionnaire). Average duration of daily sleep was 8 h. Shorter sleepers showed higher values of BMI, body fat, waist and hip circumferences and fat mass index (P<0.05), particularly in females. Adolescents who slept <8 h per day were more sedentary, as assessed by accelerometry, and spent more time watching TV (P<0.05). The proportion of adolescents who eat adequate amounts of fruits, vegetables and fish was lower in shorter sleepers than in adolescents who slept ⩾8 h per day, and so was the probability of having adequate food habits (P<0.05). Correlation analysis indicated that short sleep is associated with higher obesity parameters. In European adolescents, short sleep duration is associated with higher adiposity markers, particularly in female adolescents. This association seems to be related to both sides of the energy balance equation due to a combination of increased food intake and more sedentary habits.