Jeffrey H. Shapiro

Bio: Jeffrey H. Shapiro is an academic researcher from Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The author has contributed to research in topics: Photon & Quantum key distribution. The author has an hindex of 65, co-authored 395 publications receiving 17401 citations.

Gaussian-state theory of two-photon imaging

Abstract: Spontaneous parametric downconversion produces entangled signal and idler fields that are in a zero-mean jointly Gaussian state whose postselected, low-brightness, low-flux limit is a biphoton. This paper applies Gaussian-state analysis to two biphoton-state quantum imaging scenarios: far field diffraction-pattern imaging; and broadband thin-lens imaging. It is shown that the spatial resolution behavior in both cases is controlled by the nonzero phase-sensitive cross correlation between the signal and idler fields. Thus, the same resolution can be achieved in these two configurations with classical-state signal and idler fields possessing a nonzero phase-sensitive cross correlation. In other words, the image formation process in these two scenarios is intrinsically classical coherence propagation.

Imaging with Phase-Sensitive Light

Abstract: We show that almost all the characteristics of quantum optical coherence tomography and quantum ghost imaging are due to phase-sensitive cross correlations, and hence are obtainable with classical phase-sensitive sources.

Turbulence Effects on the Receiver Operating Characteristics of a Heterodyne-Reception Optical Radar.

Abstract: : The theory of atmospheric turbulence effects on the receiver operating characteristics of coherent optical radars is reviewed and the theoretical results for the target detection probability are numerically evaluated. Graphs and tables are presented of the glint target and speckle target detection probabilities as a function of the carrier-to-noise ratio at various false alarm probabilities for different turbulence log-amplitude variances. Experimental turbulence strength measurements are reviewed and used to determine typical log-amplitude variances. These results are combined with the detection probability calculations to predict the performance of a realistic infrared radar under a variety of turbulent propagation conditions. (Author)

Quantum Error Models and Error Mitigation for Long-Distance Teleportation Architectures

Abstract: A quantum communication architecture is being developed for long-distance, high-fidelity qubit teleportation. It uses an ultrabright narrowband source of polarization-entangled photons, plus trapped-atom quantum memories, and it is compatible with long-distance transmission over standard telecommunication fiber. This paper reports error models for the preceding teleportation architecture, and for an extension thereto which enables long-distance transmission and storage of Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states. The use of quantum error correction or entanglement purification to improve the performance of these quantum communication architectures is also discussed.

Quantum illumination: From enhanced target detection to Gbps quantum key distribution

Abstract: We review theory and experiments for quantum illumination-entanglement-based protocols for enhanced target detection and secure classical communication-and show that its unentangled descendant, floodlight quantum key distribution, affords Gbps secret-key rates over metropolitan-area distances.

I and i

Abstract: There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality. Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

Phd by thesis

Abstract: Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

The Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger

Abstract: On September 14, 2015 at 09:50:45 UTC the two detectors of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory simultaneously observed a transient gravitational-wave signal. The signal sweeps upwards in frequency from 35 to 250 Hz with a peak gravitational-wave strain of 1.0×10(-21). It matches the waveform predicted by general relativity for the inspiral and merger of a pair of black holes and the ringdown of the resulting single black hole. The signal was observed with a matched-filter signal-to-noise ratio of 24 and a false alarm rate estimated to be less than 1 event per 203,000 years, equivalent to a significance greater than 5.1σ. The source lies at a luminosity distance of 410(-180)(+160) Mpc corresponding to a redshift z=0.09(-0.04)(+0.03). In the source frame, the initial black hole masses are 36(-4)(+5)M⊙ and 29(-4)(+4)M⊙, and the final black hole mass is 62(-4)(+4)M⊙, with 3.0(-0.5)(+0.5)M⊙c(2) radiated in gravitational waves. All uncertainties define 90% credible intervals. These observations demonstrate the existence of binary stellar-mass black hole systems. This is the first direct detection of gravitational waves and the first observation of a binary black hole merger.

Computer vision : a modern approach = 计算机视觉 : 一种现代的方法

Abstract: From the Publisher: The accessible presentation of this book gives both a general view of the entire computer vision enterprise and also offers sufficient detail to be able to build useful applications. Users learn techniques that have proven to be useful by first-hand experience and a wide range of mathematical methods. A CD-ROM with every copy of the text contains source code for programming practice, color images, and illustrative movies. Comprehensive and up-to-date, this book includes essential topics that either reflect practical significance or are of theoretical importance. Topics are discussed in substantial and increasing depth. Application surveys describe numerous important application areas such as image based rendering and digital libraries. Many important algorithms broken down and illustrated in pseudo code. Appropriate for use by engineers as a comprehensive reference to the computer vision enterprise.

Terabit free-space data transmission employing orbital angular momentum multiplexing

Abstract: Researchers demonstrate the ability to multiplex and transfer data between twisted beams of light with different amounts of orbital angular momentum — a development that provides new opportunities for increasing the data capacity of free-space optical communications links.