This report contains a review of the technical literature concerning the detection, location, and characterization of structural damage via techniques that examine changes in measured structural vibration response. The report first categorizes the methods according to required measured data and analysis technique. The analysis categories include changes in modal frequencies, changes in measured mode shapes (and their derivatives), and changes in measured flexibility coefficients. Methods that use property (stiffness, mass, damping) matrix updating, detection of nonlinear response, and damage detection via neural networks are also summarized. The applications of the various methods to different types of engineering problems are categorized by type of structure and are summarized. The types of structures include beams, trusses, plates, shells, bridges, offshore platforms, other large civil structures, aerospace structures, and composite structures. The report describes the development of the damage-identification methods and applications and summarizes the current state-of-the-art of the technology. The critical issues for future research in the area of damage identification are also discussed.

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Damage identification and health monitoring of structural and mechanical systems from changes in their vibration characteristics: A literature review

This paper provides an overview of methods to detect, locate, and characterize damage in structural and mechanical systems by examining changes in measured vibration response. Research in vibration-based damage identification has been rapidly expanding over the last few years. The basic idea behind this technology is that modal parameters (notably frequencies, mode shapes, and modal damping) are functions of the physical properties of the structure (mass, damping, and stiffness). Therefore, changes in the physical properties will cause detectable changes in the modal properties. The motivation for the development of this technology is presented. The methods are categorized according to various criteria such as the level of damage detection provided, model-based versus non-model-based methods, and linear versus nonlinear methods. The methods are also described in general terms including difficulties associated with their implementation and their fidelity. Past, current, and future-planned applications of this technology to actual engineering systems are summarized. The paper concludes with a discussion of critical issues for future research in the area of vibration-based damage identification.

A summary review of vibration-based damage identification methods

This tutorial/survey paper: (1) provides a concise point of departure for researchers and practitioners alike wishing to assess the current state of the art in the control and monitoring of civil engineering structures; and (2) provides a link between structural control and other fields of control theory, pointing out both differences and similarities, and points out where future research and application efforts are likely to prove fruitful. The paper consists of the following sections: section 1 is an introduction; section 2 deals with passive energy dissipation; section 3 deals with active control; section 4 deals with hybrid and semiactive control systems; section 5 discusses sensors for structural control; section 6 deals with smart material systems; section 7 deals with health monitoring and damage detection; and section 8 deals with research needs. An extensive list of references is provided in the references section.

Structural control: past, present, and future

A comprehensive review on modal parameter-based damage identification methods for beam- or plate-type structures is presented, and the damage identification algorithms in terms of signal processing...

Vibration-based Damage Identification Methods: A Review and Comparative Study:

Dynamics of structures

Damage identification in beam-type structures: frequency-based method vs mode-shape-based method

An experiment to field-test an existing methodology for nondestructive damage localization in bridges is described. he-damage and post-damage modal data are extracted from a 1300 A span bridge located in New Mexico. The data are fed into the damage detection algorithm and the damage localized. Results of the analysis indicate that the methodology accurately localizes the damage.

Field Verification of a Nondestructive Damage Localization and Severity Estimation Algorithm

A methodology to localize and estimate the severity of damage in structures for which only postdamage modal parameters are available for a few vibrational modes is presented. First, a theory of damage localization and severity estimation that utilizes only changes in mode shapes of the structures is outlined. Next, a system identification method that combines the experimental modal data and the modal parameters of a finite element model of the structure under investigation is developed to yield estimates of the baseline (i.e., predamage) modal parameters for the structure. Finally, the feasibility and practicality of the complete damage detection algorithm are demonstrated by localizing and sizing damage in a continuous beam for which only postdamage modal parameters for a single vibrational mode is available.

Jeong-Tae Kim

Papers

Damage identification in beam-type structures: frequency-based method vs mode-shape-based method

Field Verification of a Nondestructive Damage Localization and Severity Estimation Algorithm

Damage Localization in Structures Without Baseline Modal Parameters

Crack detection in beam-type structures using frequency data

Improved damage identification method based on modal information