Showing papers by "Jie Zhang published in 2004"
TL;DR: In this paper, high-density oligonucleotide arrays offer the opportunity to examine patterns of gene expression on a genome scale, and the authors have designed custom arrays that interrogate the expression of the vast majority of proteinencoding human and mouse genes and have used them to profile a panel of 79 human and 61 mouse tissues.
Abstract: The tissue-specific pattern of mRNA expression can indicate important clues about gene function. High-density oligonucleotide arrays offer the opportunity to examine patterns of gene expression on a genome scale. Toward this end, we have designed custom arrays that interrogate the expression of the vast majority of protein-encoding human and mouse genes and have used them to profile a panel of 79 human and 61 mouse tissues. The resulting data set provides the expression patterns for thousands of predicted genes, as well as known and poorly characterized genes, from mice and humans. We have explored this data set for global trends in gene expression, evaluated commonly used lines of evidence in gene prediction methodologies, and investigated patterns indicative of chromosomal organization of transcription. We describe hundreds of regions of correlated transcription and show that some are subject to both tissue and parental allele-specific expression, suggesting a link between spatial expression and imprinting.
3,513 citations
Journal Article•
420 citations
TL;DR: A functional role for CD81 as a coreceptor for HCV glycoprotein-dependent viral cell entry is suggested by using a recently developed retroviral pseudotyping system.
Abstract: CD81 has been described as a putative receptor for hepatitis C virus (HCV); however, its role in HCV cell entry has not been characterized due to the lack of an efficient cell culture system. We have examined the role of CD81 in HCV glycoprotein-dependent entry by using a recently developed retroviral pseudotyping system. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pseudotypes bearing HCV E1E2 glycoproteins show a restricted tropism for human liver cell lines. Although all of the permissive cell lines express CD81, CD81 expression alone is not sufficient to allow viral entry. CD81 is required for HIV-HCV pseudotype infection since (i) a monoclonal antibody specific for CD81 inhibited infection of susceptible target cells and (ii) silencing of CD81 expression in Huh-7.5 hepatoma cells by small interfering RNAs inhibited HIV-HCV pseudotype infection. Furthermore, expression of CD81 in human liver cells that were previously resistant to infection, HepG2 and HH29, conferred permissivity of HCV pseudotype infection. The characterization of chimeric CD9/CD81 molecules confirmed that the large extracellular loop of CD81 is a determinant for viral entry. These data suggest a functional role for CD81 as a coreceptor for HCV glycoprotein-dependent viral cell entry.
394 citations
TL;DR: Results demonstrate that purmorphamine is a small molecule agonist of Hedgehog signaling, and it may ultimately be useful in the treatment of bone-related disease and neurodegenerative disease.
220 citations
TL;DR: The current model of HCV infection suggests that CD81, together with additional unknown liver specific receptor(s), mediate the virus-cell entry process and infectivity is not limited by the absolute level of glycoprotein.
Abstract: We recently reported that retroviral pseudotypes bearing the hepatitis C virus (HCV) strain H and Con1 glycoproteins, genotype 1a and 1b, respectively, require CD81 as a coreceptor for virus-cell entry and infection. Soluble truncated E2 cloned from a number of diverse HCV genotypes fail to interact with CD81, suggesting that viruses of diverse origin may utilize different receptors and display altered cell tropism. We have used the pseudotyping system to study the tropism of viruses bearing diverse HCV glycoproteins. Viruses bearing these glycoproteins showed a 150-fold range in infectivity for hepatoma cells and failed to infect lymphoid cells. The level of glycoprotein incorporation into particles varied considerably between strains, generally reflecting the E2 expression level within transfected cells. However, differences in glycoprotein incorporation were not associated with virus infectivity, suggesting that infectivity is not limited by the absolute level of glycoprotein. All HCV pseudotypes failed to infect HepG2 cells and yet infected the same cells after transduction to express human CD81, confirming the critical role of CD81 in HCV infection. Interestingly, these HCV pseudotypes differed in their ability to infect HepG2 cells expressing a panel of CD81 variants, suggesting subtle differences in the interaction of CD81 residues with diverse viral glycoproteins. Our current model of HCV infection suggests that CD81, together with additional unknown liver specific receptor(s), mediate the virus-cell entry process.
194 citations
TL;DR: The branching fraction for the flavor-changing neutral-current process B-->X(s)l(+)l(-)l(-) with a sample of 89x10(6) Upsilon(4S)-->BBmacr; events recorded with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II e(+)e(-) storage ring are measured.
Abstract: We present a preliminary measurement of time-dependent We measure the branching fraction for the flavor-changing neutral-current process B -> Xs l+ l- with a sample of 89 x 10^6 Upsilon(4S) -> BBbar events recorded with the BaBar detector at the PEP-II e+e- storage ring. The final state is reconstructed from e+e- or mu+mu- pairs and a hadronic system consisting of one K or K0s and up to two pions, with at most one pi0. We observe a signal of 40 +/- 10(stat) +/- 2(syst) events and extract the inclusive branching fraction B(B -> Xs l+ l-) = (5.6 +/- 1.5(stat) +/- 0.6(exp syst) +/- 1.1(model syst)) x 10^-6 for mll > 0.2 GeV/c^2.
170 citations
TL;DR: A measurement of the direct CP violating asymmetry in the decay B0-->K+pi(-) using a data sample of 227x10(6) Upsilon(4S)-->BB decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider at SLAC is presented.
Abstract: We present an updated search for direct CP violation in the decay B0 -> K+pi-. Using 227 million Y(4S) -> BBbar decays collected with the BaBar detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e+e- collider at SLAC, we observe a total signal yield of n(K-pi+) + n(K+pi-) = 1606 +- 51 decays and measure the asymmetry [n(K-pi+)-n(K+pi-)]/[n(K-p+-)+n(K+pi-)] = -0.133+-0.030 (stat) +- 0.009 (syst). This measurement establishes direct CP violation in the B0 meson system at the level of 4.2 standard deviations.
130 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the e+e- --> pi+ pi-pi- pi0 gamma was studied at a center of mass energy near the Y(4S) resonance using a 89.3 fb-1 data sample collected with the BaBar detector at the PEP-II collider.
Abstract: The process e+e- --> pi+ pi- pi0 gamma has been studied at a center-of-mass energy near the Y(4S) resonance using a 89.3 fb-1 data sample collected with the BaBar detector at the PEP-II collider. From the measured 3pi mass spectrum we have obtained the products of branching fractions for the omega and phi mesons, B(omega --> e+e-)B(omega --> 3pi)=(6.70 +/- 0.06 +/- 0.27)10-5 and B(phi --> e+e-)B(phi --> 3pi)=(4.30 +/- 0.08 +/- 0.21)10-5, and evaluated the e+e- --> pi+ pi- pi0 cross section for the e+e- center-of-mass energy range 1.05 to 3.00 GeV. About 900 e+e- --> J/psi gamma --> pi+ pi- pi0 gamma events have been selected and the branching fraction B(J/psi --> pi+ pi- pi0)=(2.18 +/- 0.19)% has been measured.
119 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a new analysis of double charmonium production was presented, and an angular analysis was performed for the production of $J/\ensuremath{\psi}J/
Abstract: We present a new analysis of double charmonium production in ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ annihilation. The observation of the processes ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}{\ensuremath{\eta}}_{c}$, $J/\ensuremath{\psi}{\ensuremath{\chi}}_{c0}$, and $J/\ensuremath{\psi}{\ensuremath{\eta}}_{c}(2S)$ is confirmed using a data set more than 3 times larger than that of Belle's previous report, and no evidence for the process ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}J/\ensuremath{\psi}$ is found. We perform an angular analysis for $J/\ensuremath{\psi}{\ensuremath{\eta}}_{c}$ production and set an upper limit on the production of $J/\ensuremath{\psi}J/\ensuremath{\psi}$. Processes of the type ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\psi}(2S)(c\overline{c}{)}_{\mathrm{r}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{s}}$ have been observed for the first time; their rates are found to be comparable to those of ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}(c\overline{c}{)}_{\mathrm{r}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{s}}$ processes.
107 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the absolute muon flux between 20 and 3000 GeV was measured with the L3 magnetic muon spectrometer for zenith angles ranging from 0°to 58°.
106 citations
TL;DR: The evidence for direct charged particles (CP) violation in the decay B0→K+ π- was investigated with 253 fb-1 of data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e + e- collider.
Abstract: The evidence for direct charged particles (CP) violation in the decay B0→K+ π- was investigated with 253 fb-1 of data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e + e- collider. 275 x 106 BB pairs were used to observe a B→K±π∓ signal with 2140 ±53 events. Mixing induced CP violation in the B sector was established in b → ccs transitions. The result suggests large interference between tree and penguin diagrams and the existence of final state interactions.
TL;DR: This paper investigated how social security interacts with growth and growth determinants (savings, human capital investment, and fertility) and found that social security may indeed be conducive to growth through tipping the trade-off between the number and quality of children toward the latter.
Abstract: This paper investigates how social security interacts with growth and growth determinants (savings, human capital investment, and fertility). Our empirical investigation finds that the estimated coefficient on social security is significantly negative in the fertility equation, insignificant in the saving equation, and significantly positive in the growth and education equations. By contrast, the estimated coefficient on growth is insignificant in the social security equation. The results suggest that social security may indeed be conducive to growth through tipping the trade-off between the number and quality of children toward the latter.
TL;DR: In this article, a preliminary analysis of the decays of B{sup 0} {yields} K*{Sup 0}{gamma} and B {sup +} {sales} K *{sup + 1+1+gamma] was performed using the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric energy B factory.
Abstract: We present a preliminary analysis of the decays B{sup 0} {yields} K*{sup 0}{gamma} and B{sup +} {yields} K*{sup +}{gamma} using a sample of 383 million B{bar B} events collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric energy B factory. We measure the branching fractions {Beta}(B{sup 0} {yields} K*{sup 0}{gamma}) = (4.58 {+-} 0.10 {+-} 0.16) x 10{sup -5} and {Beta}(B{sup +} {yields} K*{sup +}{gamma}) = (4.73 {+-} 0.15 {+-} 0.17) x 10{sup -5}. We measure the direct CP asymmetry to be -0.043 < {Alpha}(B {yields} K*{gamma}) < 0.025 and the isospin asymmetry to be -0.021 < {Delta}{sub 0-} < 0.079, where the limits are determined at the 90% confidence interval and include both the statistical and systematic uncertainties.
TL;DR: The creation of nematic nanotube gels containing large domains of isolated, oriented, half-micron-long, single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) is reported, which exhibit hallmark properties of a nematic: birefrigence, anisotropy in optical absorption, and disclination defects.
Abstract: We report the creation of nematic nanotube gels containing large domains of isolated, oriented, half-micron-long, single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). We make them by homogeneously dispersing surfactant coated SWNTs at low concentration in an N-isopropyl acrylamide gel and then inducing a volume-compression transition. These gels exhibit hallmark properties of a nematic: birefrigence, anisotropy in optical absorption, and disclination defects. We also investigate the isotropic-to-nematic transition of these gels, and we describe the physical properties of their ensuing nematic state, including a novel buckling of sample walls. Finally, we provide a simple model to explain our observations.
TL;DR: The transverse fluctuations of the semiflexible polymers are quantitatively analyzed and it is shown that at long wavelengths they are driven by the fluctuating nematic background.
Abstract: We directly visualize single polymers with persistence lengths l(p), ranging from 0.05 to 16 microm, dissolved in the nematic phase of rodlike fd virus. Polymers with a sufficiently large persistence length undergo a coil-rod transition at the isotropic-nematic transition of the background solvent. We quantitatively analyze the transverse fluctuations of the semiflexible polymers and show that at long wavelengths they are driven by the fluctuating nematic background. We extract the Odijk deflection length and the elastic constant of the background nematic phase from the data.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a measurement of the unitarity triangle angle using a Dalitz plot analysis of the three-body decay of the neutral D meson from the B{sup {+-}}{yields}D{sup (*)}K{sup} process.
Abstract: We present a measurement of the unitarity triangle angle {phi}{sub 3} using a Dalitz plot analysis of the three-body decay of the neutral D meson from the B{sup {+-}}{yields}D{sup (*)}K{sup {+-}} process. The method employs the interference between D{sup 0} and D{sup 0} to extract both the weak and strong phases. We apply this method to a 140 fb{sup -1} data sample collected by the Belle experiment. The analysis uses the modes B{sup {+-}}{yields}DK{sup {+-}} and B{sup {+-}}{yields}D*K{sup {+-}}, D*{yields}D{pi}{sup 0}, where the neutral D meson decays into K{sub S}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}. We obtain 146 signal candidates for B{sup {+-}}{yields}DK{sup {+-}} and 39 candidates for B{sup {+-}}{yields}D*K{sup {+-}}. From a combined maximum likelihood fit to the B{sup {+-}}{yields}DK{sup {+-}} and B{sup {+-}}{yields}D*K{sup {+-}} modes, we obtain {phi}{sub 3}=77 deg. (+17 deg./-19 deg.)(stat){+-}13 deg. (syst){+-}11 deg. (model). The corresponding 2 standard deviation interval is 26 deg. <{phi}{sub 3}<126 deg.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used HQEs to order 1/mb^3 of the hadronic-mass and lepton-energy distributions in semileptonic B-meson decays, measured as a function of the lower limit on the lepton energy.
Abstract: We determine the inclusive B --> Xc l nu branching fraction, the CKM matrix element |Vcb|, and other heavy-quark parameters from a simultaneous fit to moments of the hadronic-mass and lepton-energy distributions in semileptonic B-meson decays, measured as a function of the lower limit on the lepton energy, using data recorded with the BABAR detector. Using Heavy Quark Expansions (HQEs) to order 1/mb^3, we extract BR_cenu=(10.61 +- 0.16(exp) +- 0.06(HQE))% and |Vcb| = (41.4 +- 0.4(exp) +- 0.4(HQE) +- 0.6(th)) 10^-3. The stated errors refer to the experimental, HQE, and additional theoretical uncertainties.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors search for exotic hadrons made of five quarks (pentaquarks) in hadronic Z decays collected by the ALEPH detector at LEP.
TL;DR: In this paper, the BABAR detector was used to perform angular analysis of the decay B0-->phiK(*0)(892) with a sample of 227x10(6) BB pairs.
Abstract: With a sample of about 227x10(6) BB pairs recorded with the BABAR detector we perform a full angular analysis of the decay B0-->phiK(*0)(892). We make novel measurements of five parameters sensitive to CP violation. We also measure the branching fraction to be (9.2+/-0.9+/-0.5)x10(-6) and determine the fractions of longitudinal and parity-odd transverse contributions as f(L)=0.52+/-0.05+/-0.02 and f( perpendicular)=0.22+/-0.05+/-0.02. The phases of the parity-even and parity-odd transverse amplitudes relative to the longitudinal amplitude are found to be phi( parallel)=2.34(+0.23)(-0.20)+/-0.05 rad and phi( perpendicular)=2.47+/-0.25+/-0.05 rad. We also observe the decay B0-->phiK(*0)(1430).
Tohoku University1, University of Tokyo2, Nagoya University3, University of Tsukuba4, Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics5, University of Cincinnati6, University of Sydney7, Polish Academy of Sciences8, University of Maribor9, University of Hawaii10, National Taiwan University11, Sungkyunkwan University12, Princeton University13, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research14, University of Ljubljana15, Nara Women's University16, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne17, Tohoku Gakuin University18, Yonsei University19, Korea University20, Chiba University21, Niigata University22, Seoul National University23, University of Science and Technology of China24, Austrian Academy of Sciences25, Tokyo Metropolitan University26, Virginia Tech27, University of Melbourne28, Tokyo Institute of Technology29, Hiroshima Institute of Technology30, Osaka City University31, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology32, Toho University33, Kanagawa University34, Kyungpook National University35, Utkal University36, Panjab University, Chandigarh37, Osaka University38, Yokkaichi University39, National United University40
TL;DR: In this article, the authors search for neutrinoless τ lepton decays into three charged leptons using an 87.1fb-1 data sample collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e- collider.
TL;DR: In this paper, a study of D-sJ((*)+D*) over bar pairs collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II B factory is presented.
Abstract: We report a study of D-sJ(*)(2317)(+) and D-sJ(2460)(+) meson production in B decays. We observe the decays B+--> D-sJ((*)+)(D) over bar ((*)0) and B-0 --> DsJ(*)+D(*)- with the subsequent decays D-sJ(*)(2317)(+)-->D(s)(+)pi(0), D-sJ(2460)(+)-->D(s)(+)gamma, and D-sJ(2460)(+)-->D(s)(*+)pi(0). Based on a data sample of 122.1x10(6) B(B) over bar pairs collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II B factory, we obtain branching fractions for these modes, including the previously unseen decays B-->(DsJ(*)+D*). In addition, we perform an angular analysis of D-sJ(2460)(+)-->D(s)(+)gamma decays to test the different D-sJ(2460)(+) spin hypotheses.
TL;DR: In this paper, the first four moments of the hadronic mass distribution in {bar B} {yields} X{sub c}{ell}{sup -} {bar {nu}} decays are reported.
Abstract: We report a measurement of the first four moments of the hadronic mass distribution in {bar B} {yields} X{sub c}{ell}{sup -} {bar {nu}} decays. The measurements are based on 89 million {Upsilon}(4S) {yields} B{bar B} events where the hadronic decay of one of the B mesons is fully reconstructed and a charged lepton from the decay of the other B meson is identified. The moments are presented for minimum lepton momenta ranging from 0.9 to 1.6 GeV in the B rest frame. It is expected that such measurements will lead to improved determinations of |V{sub cb}| and |V{sub ub}|.
07 Sep 2004
TL;DR: This paper presents a genetic encoding of the third generation mobile network planning problem and parallel genetic algorithms to solve it and characterises a multi-objective optimisation problem.
Abstract: As Third Generation (3G) mobile networks start to be implemented, there is a need for effective network planning. However, deciding upon the optimum placement for the base stations of the networks is a complex task requiring vast computational resource. This paper discusses the conflicting objectives of base station planning and characterises a multi-objective optimisation problem. We present a genetic encoding of the third generation mobile network planning problem and parallel genetic algorithms to solve it.
TL;DR: In this article, the decay parameters governing decay of Y(4S) mesons were determined using events in which one of two neutral B mesons from the decay of an Y4S meson is fully reconstructed.
Abstract: Using events in which one of two neutral B mesons from the decay of an Y(4S) meson is fully reconstructed, we determine parameters governing decay (\Delta\Gamma_d/\Gamma_d), CP and T violation (|q/p|), and CP and CPT violation (Rez,Imz). The results, obtained from an analysis of 88 million Y(4S) decays recorded by BABAR, are -- sgn(Re(lambdaCP))\Delta\Gamma_d/Gamma_d = -0.008 +- 0.037 +- 0.018 -0.084, 0.068 ] |q/p| = 1.029 +- 0.013 +- 0.011 [ 1.001, 1.057 ] Re(lambdaCP)/|lambdaCP| Rez = 0.014 +- 0.035 +- 0.034 [ -0.072, 0.101 ] Imz = 0.038 +- 0.029 +- 0.025 [ -0.028, 0.104 ]. -- The values inside square brackets indicate the 90% confidence-level intervals. These results are consistent with Standard Model expectations.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the result of a search for the charmless two-body baryonic decay B0→pp in a sample of 88 million Υ(4S)→BB decays collected by the BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II asymmetric energy B Factory.
Abstract: We present the result of a search for the charmless two-body baryonic decay B0→pp in a sample of 88 million Υ(4S)→BB decays collected by the BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II asymmetric-energy B Factory. We use Cherenkov radiation to identify protons cleanly, and determine the signal yield with a maximum-likelihood fit technique using kinematic and topological information. We find no evidence for a signal and place a 90% confidence-level upper limit of B(B0→pp )<2.7×10-7.
TL;DR: In this paper, the exclusive, radiative B meson decays to K2*(1430) in 89* 10^6 BBbar events with the BaBar detector at the PEP-II storage ring.
Abstract: We have investigated the exclusive, radiative B meson decays to K2*(1430) in 89* 10^6 BBbar events with the BaBar detector at the PEP-II storage ring. We measure the branching fractions BR(B0 -> K2*(1430)0 gamma) = (1.22 +-0.25 +-0.10)*10^(-5) and BR(B+ -> K2*(1430)+ gamma) = (1.45 +-0.40 +-0.15) * 10^(-5), where the first error is statistical and the second systematic. In addition, we measure the CP-violating asymmetry ACP(B0 -> K2*(1430)0 gamma) = -0.08 +- 0.15 +- 0.01.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report the observation of B0 decays to the K+π-π0 final state using a data sample of 78 fb-1 collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e-collider.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reported improved measurements of branching fractions for $B\bar{B}$ pairs collected at the UPSilon (4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB $e^+e^-$ storage ring.
Abstract: We report improved measurements of branching fractions for $B\to K\pi$, $\pi^+\pi^-$, $\pi^+\pi^0$ and $K\bar{K}$ decays based on a data sample of 85.0 million $B\bar{B}$ pairs collected at the $\Upsilon (4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB $e^+e^-$ storage ring. This data sample is almost three times larger than the sample previously used. We observe clear signals for $B\to K\pi$, $\pi^+\pi^-$ and $\pi^+\pi^0$ decays and set upper limits on $B\to K\bar{K}$ decays. The results can be used to give model-dependent constraints on the CKM angle $\phi_3$, as well as limits on the hadronic uncertainty in the time-dependent analysis of the angle $\phi_2$.
TL;DR: No evidence is found for any of the decays of the flavor-changing neutral current decays D0-->e(+)e(-) and D0)--mu(+)mu(-), and the lepton-flavor violating decay D0--e(+/-)mu(-/+.
Abstract: We report on a search for the flavor-changing neutral current decays D0→e+e- and D0→μ+μ-, and the lepton-flavor violating decay D0→e±μ∓. The measurement is based on 122 fb-1 of data collected by the BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II asymmetric e+e- collider. No evidence is found for any of the decays. The upper limits on the branching fractions, at the 90% confidence level, are 1.2×10-6 for D0→e+e-, 1.3×10-6 for D0→μ+μ-, and 8.1×10-7 for D0→e±μ∓.