Jingdong Mao

TL;DR: The composition of the produced hydrochar suggests both dehydration and decarboxylation occur during carbonization, resulting in structures with high aromaticities, and process energetics suggest feedstock carbonization is exothermic.

TL;DR: The present batch adsorption study describes the effects of solution pH, biochar dose, and contact time on copper and cadmium removal efficiency from single metal ion aqueous solutions.

TL;DR: In this article, the peak areas in direct-polarization 13-kHz magic-angle spinning (DPMAS) 13 C NMR spectra were corrected for incomplete relaxation by factors measured in cross polarization spin-lattice relaxation time (CP/T 1 ) experiments with total sideband suppression (TOSS).

TL;DR: Using quantitative (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, Terra Preta soils consist predominantly of char residues composed of ~6 fused aromatic rings substituted by COO(-) groups that significantly increase the soils' cation-exchange capacity and thus the retention of plant nutrients.

TL;DR: In this article, the chemical and structural properties of bulk, colloidal, and dissolved BC were thoroughly examined using elemental analysis and a variety of spectroscopic techniques, and it was concluded that dissolved BC consists primarily of small aromatic clusters substituted by carboxylic groups, and by phenolic groups to a less extent.