[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

Occurrence, behavior and effects of nanoparticles in the environment.

We developed two-step solution-phase reactions to form hybrid materials of Mn3O4 nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) sheets for lithium ion battery applications. Mn3O4 nanoparticles grown selectively on RGO sheets over free particle growth in solution allowed for the electrically insulating Mn3O4 nanoparticles wired up to a current collector through the underlying conducting graphene network. The Mn3O4 nanoparticles formed on RGO show a high specific capacity up to ~900mAh/g near its theoretical capacity with good rate capability and cycling stability, owing to the intimate interactions between the graphene substrates and the Mn3O4 nanoparticles grown atop. The Mn3O4/RGO hybrid could be a promising candidate material for high-capacity, low-cost, and environmentally friendly anode for lithium ion batteries. Our growth-on-graphene approach should offer a new technique for design and synthesis of battery electrodes based on highly insulating materials.

Mn3O4-Graphene Hybrid as a High Capacity Anode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries

Hydrogen fuel is considered as the cleanest renewable resource and the primary alternative to fossil fuels for future energy supply. Sustainable hydrogen generation is the major prerequisite to realize future hydrogen economy. The electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), as the vital step of water electrolysis to H2 production, has been the subject of extensive study over the past decades. In this comprehensive review, we first summarize the fundamentals of HER and review the recent state-of-the-art advances in the low-cost and high-performance catalysts based on noble and non-noble metals, as well as metal-free HER electrocatalysts. We systemically discuss the insights into the relationship among the catalytic activity, morphology, structure, composition, and synthetic method. Strategies for developing an effective catalyst, including increasing the intrinsic activity of active sites and/or increasing the number of active sites, are summarized and highlighted. Finally, the challenges, perspectives, and research directions of HER electrocatalysis are featured.

Recent Advances in Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Using Nanoparticles.

Metal-organic framework (MOF) nanoparticles, also called porous coordination polymers, are a major part of nanomaterials science, and their role in catalysis is becoming central. The extraordinary variability and richness of their structures afford engineering synergies between the metal nodes, functional linkers, encapsulated substrates, or nanoparticles for multiple and selective heterogeneous interactions and activations in these MOF-based nanocatalysts. Pyrolysis of MOF-nanoparticle composites forms highly porous N- or P-doped graphitized MOF-derived nanomaterials that are increasingly used as efficient catalysts especially in electro- and photocatalysis. This review first briefly summarizes this background of MOF nanoparticle catalysis and then comprehensively reviews the fast-growing literature reported during the last years. The major parts are catalysis of organic and molecular reactions, electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, and views of prospects. Major challenges of our society are addressed using these well-defined heterogeneous catalysts in the fields of synthesis, energy, and environment. In spite of the many achievements, enormous progress is still necessary to improve our understanding of the processes involved beyond the proof-of-concept, particularly for selective methane oxidation, hydrogen production, water splitting, CO2 reduction to methanol, nitrogen fixation, and water depollution.

State of the Art and Prospects in Metal-Organic Framework (MOF)-Based and MOF-Derived Nanocatalysis.

Oxygen-incorporated MoS2 ultrathin nanosheets grown on graphene for efficient electrochemical hydrogen evolution

Biodistribution of functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes in mice

MoS2 has been nano-engineered with graphene quantum dots (GQDs) via a solvothermal treatment process to boost its electrochemical lithium storage properties. The doping with GQDs simultaneously endows MoS2 with structural and compositional advantages for high-performance lithium storage, including expanded interlayer distances between layers, fast electrochemical kinetics, and additional stability to buffer the volume variation. When evaluated as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries, GQDs/MoS2 delivers high capacity, improved cyclic performance and excellent rate capability. The composition dependent lithium storage performance has also been revealed for GQDs/MoS2. More importantly, the present nanoengineering could be used to boost the properties of other two-dimensional nanostructures for applications in energy storage and transit, catalysis, sensors and others.

Boosting the lithium storage performance of MoS2 with graphene quantum dots

Double-shell CuS nanocages as advanced supercapacitor electrode materials

MoS2-graphene hybrid nanosheets constructed 3D architectures with improved electrochemical performance for lithium-ion batteries and hydrogen evolution

Jinxue Guo

Papers

Oxygen-incorporated MoS2 ultrathin nanosheets grown on graphene for efficient electrochemical hydrogen evolution

Biodistribution of functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes in mice

Boosting the lithium storage performance of MoS2 with graphene quantum dots

Double-shell CuS nanocages as advanced supercapacitor electrode materials

MoS2-graphene hybrid nanosheets constructed 3D architectures with improved electrochemical performance for lithium-ion batteries and hydrogen evolution