textThis paper is an introduction to the special issue from the 3rd Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Research Conference held in Washington, D.C., in 2008. The paper has three objectives. First, to discuss the importance of the three stages of economic development, the factor-driven stage, the efficiency-driven stage and the innovation-driven stage. Second, to examine the empirical evidence on the relationship between stages of economic development and entrepreneurship. Third, to present a summary of the papers in the context of the theory.

Entrepreneurship, economic development and institutions

Entrepreneurial skills and digital competence are two basic competences in people’s education in the 21st century. They are also transversal competences in university degrees. We carried out an analysis of European models, which suggest areas and indicators within these two competencies (entrepreneurial and digital), with the ultimate goal of elaborating an original model of digital entrepreneurship competence, which we have named EmDigital. This analysis was performed by means of a qualitative approach and the combination of documentary analysis techniques, focus-group discussion and expert judgement through the Delphi method in a sequence of four consecutive phases. The proposed EmDigital model encompasses 4 areas, 15 sub-competences and 45 indicators. This model will be useful for the design of descriptive types of tests and certification tests, as well as for the design of formative proposals both for professors and for students of higher studies. Furthermore, the model will lead to new lines of research in the area of competence-based training.

EmDigital to Promote Digital Entrepreneurship: The Relation with Open Innovation

Purpose – Since the first definition of Open Innovation (OI), the indivisible relationship between this concept and entrepreneurship was undeniable. However, the exact mechanisms by which an entrepreneurial approach may benefit OI processes and vice versa are not yet fully understood. The study aims to offer an accurate map of the knowledge evolution of the OI-entrepreneurship relationship and interesting gaps to be filled in the future.
Design/methodology/approach – The study adopted a bibliometric analysis, coupled with a systematic literature review performed over a data set of 106 peer-reviewed articles published from 2005 to 2020 to identify thematic clusters.
Findings – The results show five thematic clusters: entrepreneurial opportunities, organisational opportunities, strategic partnership opportunities, institutional opportunities, and digital opportunities for OI. Investigated each of them, the authors created a framework that highlights future avenues for further developing the topic. 
Originality/value –This study is the first of its kind to systematise, analyse and critically interpret the literature concerned to the topic of the OI-entrepreneurship

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Entrepreneurial approach for open innovation: opening new opportunities, mapping knowledge, and highlighting gaps

The purpose of this paper is to assess quadruple helix stakeholders’ perception on the implementation of the smart specialisation strategy (RIS3) in the North of Portugal, besides analysing technol...

Technological transfer and spillovers within the RIS3 entrepreneurial ecosystems: a quadruple helix approach

Trailblazing precision medicine in Europe: A joint view by Genomic Medicine Sweden and the Centers for Personalized Medicine, ZPM, in Germany.

University research output is a recognised source of new knowledge in spillover theory, targeted by governments and other stakeholders to support regional economic development. This paper reflects ...

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University knowledge spillover from an open innovation technology transfer context

This article presents the case of a regional government and academia working together to realize High-Performance Computing Wales, a shared supercomputing infrastructure. The initiative aimed to su...

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Joe Flanagan

Papers

University knowledge spillover from an open innovation technology transfer context

A Review of a Distributed High performance Computing Implementation